Ore-forming Fluid and Mineral Source of the Hongshi Copper Deposit in the Kalatage Area, East Tianshan, Xinjiang, NW China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

YU Mingjie  WANG Jingbin  MAO Qigui  FANG Tonghui  ZHANG Rui 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(5):1769-1783

The Hongshi copper deposit is located in the middle of the Kalatage ore district in the northern segment of the Dananhu-Tousuquan island-arc belt in East Tianshan, Xinjiang, NW China. This study analyses the fluid inclusions and H, O, and S stable isotopic compositions of the deposit. The fluid-inclusion data indicate that aqueous fluid inclusions were trapped in chalcopyrite-bearing quartz veins in the gangue minerals. The homogenization temperatures range from 108°C to 299°C, and the salinities range from 0.5% to 11.8%, indicating medium to low temperatures and salinities. The trapping pressures range from 34.5 MPa to 56.8 MPa. The δ18OH2O values and δD values of the fluid range from ?6.94‰ to ?5.33‰ and from ?95.31‰ to ?48.20‰, respectively. The H and O isotopic data indicate that the ore-forming fluid derived from a mix of magmatic water and meteoric water and that meteoric water played a significant role. The S isotopic composition of pyrite ranges from 1.9‰ to 5.2‰, with an average value of 3.1‰, and the S isotopic composition of chalcopyrite ranges from ?0.9‰ to 4‰, with an average value of 1.36‰, implying that the S in the ore-forming materials was derived from the mantle. The introduction of meteoric water decreased the temperature, volatile content, and pressure, resulting in immiscibility. These factors may have been the major causes of the mineralization of the Hongshi copper deposit. Based on all the geologic and fluid characteristics, we conclude that the Hongshi copper deposit is an epithermal deposit.  相似文献   

层状土毛细水上升过程中Lucas-Washburn模型评价及修正          下载免费PDF全文

郝瑞  施斌  曹鼎峰  孙梦雅  魏广庆 《水文地质工程地质》2018,(6):84-84

受界面效应影响,毛细水在层状土中运移规律还难以用描述均质土中水分运移规律的Lucas-Washburn（LW）渗吸模型进行描述。基于此,本文设计了层状土室内模型试验,采用分布式的主动加热光纤法（简称AHFO）监测毛细水上升过程。根据AHFO测试结果,进一步对LW模型进行了修正,提出了适用于描述层状土中毛细水上升规律的ILW模型,并对ILW模型进行了试验验证。试验结果表明:（1）当毛细水湿润锋抵达“黏土（下部）-砂土（上部）”界面时,会产生“毛细屏障作用”,从而导致上部砂土中毛细水含水率急剧下降;（2）“毛细屏障作用”由砂土和黏土中的基质吸力不均衡造成,基质吸力大小由含水率决定;（3）当毛细水湿润锋抵达“砂土（下部）-黏土（上部）”界面时,在界面处出现“反毛细屏障作用”,从而导致上部黏土层中的含水率比相邻下部砂土层含水率更高;（4）虽然常见的LW模型可准确预测均质土中毛细水上升高度及速率,但受“毛细屏障作用”和“反毛细屏障作用”影响,LW模型在层状土中失效;（5）相比LW模型,ILW模型精度更高,能够更加准确地描述层状土中毛细水上升规律。  相似文献   

耐高温高压复合保温管研究          下载免费PDF全文

罗光强  周策  刘一民  韩锐 《探矿工程》2018,45(8):15-19

耐高温高压复合保温管主要解决超高温高压环境下钻孔测量问题。为攻克超高温高压环境下真空绝热保温、高压密封等关键技术,研究的耐高温高压复合保温管为“超高温钻孔测量仪”提供一种耐高温承压管,使用环境温度可达270 ℃,压力120 MPa。通过室内测试与现场应用,说明其满足超高温高压要求,可应用于高温地热能钻探工程、干热岩钻探工程、科学钻探工程、深部矿产资源勘探和深部油气资源勘探等工程中,为超高温大深度钻井测量提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

新时代地质工作战略思考     

程光华  苏晶文  杨洋  赵牧华  王睿 《地质通报》2018,37(7):1177-1185

新时代社会经济发展面临着资源、能源供需形势变化、地质环境加速恶化、资源极大浪费等资源环境问题,现有地质工作体系在理论方法技术、调查要素与精度、专业划分与人才队伍、成果评估与实际利用方面均存在明显不足,亟需进行新时代地质工作的战略定位,建立适应新时代的地质工作新体系。从国家战略层面围绕自然资源开发、保护、永续利用、永保绿色的长期目标,提出新时代地质工作新体系构想。建立以地球系统论为基础的理论体系、国土空间多尺度全要素基础调查体系、全空间资源环境评价体系、空中地面与地下三位一体监测预警与应急救援体系、基于大数据地质信息服务体系等为一体的新时代地质工作新体系,并建立新时代地质工作法律保障和监管体系、地质调查成果认定与发布共享体系,以及中央省市三级地质人才队伍建设体系,适应新时代地质工作需求,提供有利保障。  相似文献   

Groundwater sustainability and groundwater/surface-water interaction in arid Dunhuang Basin,northwest China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jingjing Lin  Rui Ma  Yalu Hu  Ziyong Sun  Yanxin Wang  Colin P. R. McCarter 《Hydrogeology Journal》2018,26(5):1559-1572

The Dunhuang Basin, a typical inland basin in northwestern China, suffers a net loss of groundwater and the occasional disappearance of the Crescent Lake. Within this region, the groundwater/surface-water interactions are important for the sustainability of the groundwater resources. A three-dimensional transient groundwater flow model was established and calibrated using MODFLOW 2000, which was used to predict changes to these interactions once a water diversion project is completed. The simulated results indicate that introducing water from outside of the basin into the Shule and Danghe rivers could reverse the negative groundwater balance in the Basin. River-water/groundwater interactions control the groundwater hydrology, where river leakage to the groundwater in the Basin will increase from 3,114?×?10⁴ m³/year in 2017 to 11,875?×?10⁴ m³/year in 2021, and to 17,039?×?10⁴ m³/year in 2036. In comparison, groundwater discharge to the rivers will decrease from 3277?×?10⁴ m³/year in 2017 to 1857?×?10⁴ m³/year in 2021, and to 510?×?10⁴ m³/year by 2036; thus, the hydrology will switch from groundwater discharge to groundwater recharge after implementing the water diversion project. The simulation indicates that the increased net river infiltration due to the water diversion project will raise the water table and then effectively increasing the water level of the Crescent Lake, as the lake level is contiguous with the water table. However, the regional phreatic evaporation will be enhanced, which may intensify soil salinization in the Dunhuang Basin. These results can guide the water allocation scheme for the water diversion project to alleviate groundwater depletion and mitigate geo-environmental problem.  相似文献   

A simple approach to evaluating leakage through thin impervious element of high embankment dams     

Gang Deng  Kui Cao  Rui Chen  Xingxing Zhang  Qi Yin  Hao Zhou 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(1):25

Internal erosion is the most common reason which induces failure of embankment dams besides overtopping. Relatively large leakage is frequently concentrated at defects of impervious element, and this will lead to eventual failure. The amount of leakage depends not only on integrity of impervious element, but also on dam height, shape of valley, shape of impervious element and water level in reservoir. The integrity of impervious element, which represents the relative level of seepage safety, is not easy to be determined quantitatively. A simple method for generalization of steady seepage state of embankment dams with thin impervious element is proposed in this paper. The apparent overall value of permeability coefficient for impervious element can be obtained by this method with reasonable accuracy and efficiency. A defect parameter of impervious element is defined as an index to characterize seepage safety of embankment dams. It equals the ratio of the apparent overall value of permeability coefficient to the measured value in laboratory for intact materials. Subsequently, seepage safety of three dams is evaluated and the evolution of defect level of impervious element of dams is investigated. It is proved that the newly proposed method in this paper is feasible in the evaluation of relative seepage safety level of embankment dams with thin impervious element.  相似文献   

阴山东部卓资地区白垩系白女羊盘组火山岩锆石 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义     

常泽光  李明泽  周瑞  刘燕海  聂鑫 《地质论评》2018,64(1):203-212

火山岩的绝对年龄是限定(含)火山岩地层形成时代及进行地层对比的关键依据。内蒙古阴山地区分布有大量的晚中生代白女羊盘组火山岩,而位于卓资县大榆树村附近的白女羊盘组火山岩目前尚缺乏年代学报道。为了厘定该火山岩地层的形成年龄,进而对比阴山—晋北—燕山地区的晚中生代火山—沉积地层,笔者等对分布于卓资县大榆树村附近的白女羊盘组双峰式火山岩进行了锆石U-Pb年龄测试。得到该组火山岩剖面下部流纹岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为136.9±0.8 Ma,属于早白垩世。结合前人的研究成果,认为分布在阴山不同地区的白女羊盘组火山岩的形成年龄差异较大,分别是不同旋回火山活动的产物。其中分布在武川和固阳盆地的白女羊盘组与燕辽地区的九佛堂组的形成年龄相当;而分布在乌拉特中旗和卓资县的白女羊盘组与燕山地区的张家口组在形成年龄上可对比。  相似文献   

碳酸盐台地的类型、特征和沉积模式--兼论华北地台寒武纪陆表海-淹没台地的沉积样式   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王龙  吴海  张瑞  李昌伟 《地质论评》2018,64(1):62-76

随着对现代碳酸盐沉积环境的系统调查和解释、以及对碳酸盐沉积原理认识的深化,自20世纪60年代,一系列碳酸盐沉积相模式得以建立,其中最引人注目的是Wilson和Tucker的工作。但在镶边陆棚及缓坡模式得到了广泛认可和使用的同时,对陆表海和淹没台地型沉积未能予以足够的重视。与过去相比,现今的海平面是相对较低的,因而没有出现陆表海广泛发育的情况。但在漫长的地质历史时期,陆表海曾经覆盖了广泛的克拉通区域,是碳酸盐沉积最重要的场所之一。本文在系统总结前人成果的基础上,将用于描述大尺度碳酸盐岩沉积环境的碳酸盐台地分为镶边陆棚、缓坡、陆表海、孤立台地和淹没台地5种类型分别描述,并重点强调了陆表海和淹没台地的沉积模式。华北地台寒武系大面积分布的潮坪沉积、鲕粒滩相灰岩和竹叶状风暴砾屑灰岩,以及频繁出现的台地淹没事件,为阐明陆表海和淹没台地的沉积提供了绝佳实例。这些实例和研究表明了碳酸盐沉积环境的多样性和沉积过程的复杂性,以及将今论古的困难性,从而为碳酸盐沉积原理的认识和沉积环境的解释提供新认识和新思路。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷百口泉组相对湖平面升降规律研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张坦  张昌民  瞿建华  朱锐  袁瑞  潘进  陶金雨 《沉积学报》2018,36(4):684-694

准噶尔盆地三叠系百口泉组相对湖平面升降规律认识不清,制约了对百口泉组沉积体系分布与演化的分析。在高分辨率层序地层学理论指导下,综合钻井、测井等资料,采用传统定性分析与定量的测井小波变换分析相结合的方法,对准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组进行高精度层序地层划分,将百口泉组定量划分为1个长期层序,4个中期层序,16个短期层序,126个超短期层序;对126个超短期层序进行Fisher图解的定量分析,结果显示百口泉组沉积时期湖平面升降总体表现出持续上升的特征,内部又可划分为多个次级湖平面升降旋回,百口泉组一段（T₁b₁）、百口泉组二段（T₁b₂）、百口泉组三段（T₁b₃）与三次湖平面持续上升过程相对应,百口泉组三段（T₁b₃）湖平面达到百口泉组时期的最大规模。通过对比前人研究成果和钻井地质信息,认为相对湖平面升降曲线具有很高的可信度。  相似文献   

湘东地区锡田印支期花岗岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

何苗  刘庆  孙金凤  牛睿 《岩石学报》2018,34(7):2065-2086

华南印支期花岗岩分布较为分散,其构造背景长期存在争议。湘东地区的锡田印支期花岗岩位于扬子板块和华夏板块的结合带中部,主要由黑云母花岗岩和黑云母二长花岗岩组成,二者均含有较高的SiO_2(67.6%~76.8%)和全碱含量(ALK=K_2O+Na_2O,6.8%~10.7%),呈过铝质的特征(A/CNK值范围为1.0~1.2),分异指数D.I值为84~93;微量元素显示出Rb、Th、U富集和Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti亏损的特征,稀土元素配分图呈右倾海鸥状,轻重稀土分馏明显,指示岩体经历了高度的分异演化;P_2O_5和微量元素比值随着分异程度变化的特征,表明岩石过铝质的特征是由高度的分离结晶作用造成。锡田印支期花岗岩的ε_(Hf)(t)值为-11.3~-4.34,δ~(18)O值分布范围为6.9‰~10.8‰,O同位素分布较为分散,主要是记录了源岩与流体的不同特征。Hf同位素的二阶段模式年龄为1.6～2.2Ga,反映其源区主要为中元古-古元古代的华夏基底;Hf-O同位素呈现出良好的线性关系,同时未蚀变的花岗岩明显偏离源岩为沉积岩的大容山花岗岩,表明锡田花岗岩的形成受到了幔源岩浆的底侵作用。结合邻区邓阜仙岩体和王仙岭岩体的研究成果,显示研究区在印支期就处于伸展的构造背景,可能与古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关。  相似文献