Chronic sublethal effects of the water soluble fractions of no. 2 fuel oils on the marine isopod, Sphaeroma quadridentatum     

Wen Yuh Lee 《Marine environmental research》1978,1(1):5-17

Two series of experiments were carried out to assess the long-term effects of the water soluble fractions (WSF) of fuel oils on the marine isopod, Sphaeroma quadridentatum. In one experiment, juvenile isopods (one month old) were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0·1% to 15% WSF) of a fuel oil (Baytown, Exxon) at room temperatures of 24 ± 1–6°C for nine months. These isopods survived to maturity and reproduced. However, growth rate was adversely affected at concentration ≥ 3% WSF and fecundity was depressed at concentrations ≥ 1% WSF. Survival of offspring in clean seawater was dependent to a large extent on the history of the previous generation. Offspring from groups exposed to ≥ 1% WSF experienced high mortality (> 70% within five weeks) even in clean seawater. This may imply that a population of Sphaeroma exposed to WSF as low as 0·2 ppm may eventually disappear, although animals can grow to maturity and reproduce at concentrations < 3 ppm.In another experiment, adult Sphaeroma (three months old) were subjected to the WSFs of four fuel oils (Baton Rouge, Baytown, Montana and New Jersey) for one month. Fecundity was depressed at a concentration > 15% WSF, regardless of the kind of fuel oil. On the other hand, the number of young produced bythe surviving females varied with the type of fuel oil for the same level of WSF. This may be attributed to different relative amounts of toxic components present in the WSF.  相似文献   

Improved form of wind wave frequency spectrum   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Wen Shengchang 《海洋学报(英文版)》1989,8(4):467-483

The lower frequency part of the theoretical wind wave spectrum proposed by the authors (Wen et al. , 1988a, b,c) has been improved and the form of spectrum is appreciably simplified. In addition to the field data collected in the Bohai Sea region and used in the previous papers, those obtained in the Huanghai Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea have been employed so that the improved spectra can be verified on a more extensive observational basis. Computed results agree with the observations well. Further comparisons have been made between the proposed spectra and the JONSWAP spectrum. Though the two types of spectrum are close to each other in form, the former shows, as a whole, better agreement with the observation than the latter. By introducing an improved relation between the peak-ness factor and significant wave steepness, the spectrum contains only significant wave height and period as parameters. For spectra given in this form, the computed peak frequencies coincide approximately wit  相似文献   

Metabolites from mangrove endophytic fungus Dothiorella sp.     

XU Qingyan  WANG Jianfeng  HUANG Yaojian  ZHENG Zhonghui  SONG Siyang  ZHANG Yongmin  SU Wenjin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2004,23(3):541-547

Mangroves are special woody plant communities in the intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical coasts. They prove to be a natural microorganisms and new metabolites storage. In the study of mangrove endophytic fungi metabolites, four new compounds, Compounds 1, 2, 3 and 4, as well as a known octaketide, cytosporone B (5), are isolated from an endophytic fungus, Dothiorella sp., HTF3. They all show cytotoxic activities. The elucidation of these structures is mainly based on 1D/2D NMR and ESI-MS spectral analyses.  相似文献   

6-DMAP诱导缢蛏三倍体的研究     

李德祥  李太武  苏秀榕  林志华  柴雪良  方军 《台湾海峡》2006,25(3):396-401

用6-DMAP抑制受精卵第二极体排放的方法诱导缢蛏三倍体的试验．结果表明：6-DMAP在100～500μmol／dm^3处理浓度范围内均可以诱导出三倍体，随着药物处理浓度和处理时间的提高，三倍体倍化率和D形幼虫畸形率有不同程度的提高，而D形幼虫孵化率会随之下降．综合来看，在30％卵子受精并出现第一极体，6-DMAP浓度为300μmol／dm^3和处理持续时间为20min时的处理组的处理效果优于其他处理组组合．  相似文献   

涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态系中浮游动植物与环境因子关系的初步探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韦蔓新  黎广钊  何本茂  梁文 《海洋湖沼通报》2005,(2):34-39

本文根据1990年4月、10月间的理化分析数据，结合2002年9月涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态环境的调查状况，首次从珊瑚礁生态系的角度初步探讨该岛区浮游动植物与环境因子的关系。结果表明：该岛区浮游动植物的分布具有明显的区域性和季节性，既体现了珊瑚礁生态系具有较高的初级生产力特征，也体现了浮游动植物具有显著的季节交替现象。相关分析显示，水温、盐度、N，P，Si营养盐对浮游植物的种类组成及数量变动均有明显影响，但对浮游动物的影响不大；N是该生态系中浮游植物的限制因子，P限制状况只有在珊瑚礁生长带较深的海域出现，Si呈相对富足状态。  相似文献   

黑潮水入侵南海的水文分析──Ⅱ.1994年8—9月期间的观测结果     

许建平  苏纪兰 《热带海洋学报》1997,(2)

利用1994年8－9月期间，由台湾海峡两岸的4艘海洋调查船在南海东北部海域所获之CTD和ADCP资料，并结合1992年3月间在同一海域获取的CTD资料及部分历史水文资料，对该区域的海水特性以及黑潮水入侵南海等问题进行了分析探讨。结果表明：调查期间，本海区水团分布与冬末、春初（1992年3月）航次基本相似，即南海和西北太平洋海域的海水结构有着各自相对独立的温、盐度特性。虽发现有黑潮水穿越巴上海峡进入南海，但其势力甚弱。因此，在夏末秋初，黑潮亦无直接的分支深入南海，即使在巴士海峡北端进入台湾海峡的黑潮水，其影响也是十分微弱的。由等密度面、地转流分析和实测ADCP资料显示，在调查海区的东南海域存在一支较强的N向流动。它沿菲律宾西海岸北上，绕过吕宋岛西北角流向东北，在巴上海峡呈现与黑潮水混合的迹象，其水体在冬季明显呈高温、低盐的特性；夏季则为相对低温、低盐。故在冬季的几幅卫星图像上也有较好的体现，很有可能长年存在。  相似文献   

美国的海洋科技计划     

吴闻 《海洋信息》2001,(4):22-23

进入21世纪之际,沿海国家纷纷调整和改组本国的海洋管理机构和科研机构,制定新时期的国家海洋发展计划,为加速海洋经济发展争夺科技优势。从本期开始,本刊将陆续刊登一些国家的海洋科技计划,供读者参考。  相似文献   

软土海岸地区测量控制点标志的设立     

苏衍坤  李新国  朱绪伟  苏衍国 《海洋测绘》2007,27(3):43-47

分析了软土、湿地、滩涂地区特殊地理环境对测量控制点的影响;主要探讨了此类地区控制点标志的设计、施工。借助于建筑桩基技术和道桥施工方法,首次成功实现了某三角洲湿地滩涂地区统一布网。几年来,结合滩涂湿地测量、海岸防护和滩涂开发工程对部分控制点进行了初步检测,给出了部分检测数据。应用和检测均表明:桩基标石可较好地解决软土、湿地、滩涂地区控制点布设难题,显著提高软土海岸地区测量控制点标志的稳固性,从而延长控制网的可使用期。  相似文献   

盐度和营养限制对蓝杆藻(Cyanothece. sp)113菌株生长和胞外多糖产量的影响     

苏传东 《海洋湖沼通报》2005,12(4):69-74

蓝杆藻113菌株为海洋微藻，实验室培养证明其单位体积胞外多糖产量高。用改进的F／2改良培养液培养，添加70g／L时的NaCl盐度是该菌株胞外多糖释放的最适盐度。不添加NaCl时的盐度是菌体细胞生长的最适盐度。NaNO2营养限制抑制该菌株细胞的生长，促进该菌株胞外多糖的释放。NaH2PO4营养限制抑制该菌株细胞的生长，但对胞外多糖产量的影响不明显。MgSO4营养限制则同时抑制该菌株细胞生长和胞外多糖释放。该研究结果有助于蓝杆藻113菌株胞外多糖的生产及该菌株其它方面的开发利用。  相似文献   

免疫添加物对大黄鱼血液白细胞数量及其吞噬功能的影响   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

王军  鄢庆枇  苏永全  周永灿  邵勋 《海洋科学》2001,25(9):44-46

采用低聚糖益力素、稳定型维生素C、渔用多维等免疫、营养添加物定期投喂大黄鱼，以粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、吞噬百分率、吞噬指数等为指标，跟踪检测试验大黄鱼血液中白细胞组成数量和吞噬细胞吞噬能力的变化。研究结果表明，免疫添加物可以提高大黄鱼血液中白细胞数量和吞噬细胞的吞噬能力，增强大黄鱼的非特异性免疫功能，促进大黄鱼的健康生长。  相似文献