基于数学形态学算法的机载LiDAR点云数据快速滤波   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

张熠斌  隋立春  曲佳  柳艳 《测绘通报》2009,(5)

机载LiDAR点云数据滤波是LiDAR数据处理领域研究的重点和难点之一.针对LiDAR点云数据量大的特点,以规则格网组织数据,按离散点或格网移动结构窗口,提出基于数学肜念学算法的LiDAR点云数据快速滤波方法,并详细介绍滤波的方法和流程.试验结果表明,该算法计算速度快,滤波效果好.最后选取两组小同区域的点云数据进行实验,并给出滤波前后的数字表面模型和局部断面图.  相似文献   

赤潮藻类非线性动力学模型的随机分岔     

王洪礼  许佳  葛根 《海洋通报》2008,27(2):37-42

选取典型赤潮藻类的硅藻和甲藻,建立了一个随机非线性动力学模型,运用随机平均法结合现代非线性动力学理论对模型进行了化简,运用拟不可积 Hamilton 系统的相关理论和 Oseledec 乘性遍历定理求解了模型的最大 Lyapunov 指数,得到了模型随机稳定性的条件;利用动态系统不变测度的 Lyapunov 指数分析了模型的随机分岔,得到了系统发生随机D-分岔时参数的取值条件,结果表明,系统在随机因素作用下变得更敏感、更不稳定.  相似文献   

广东沿海牡蛎体Cu含量水平及其时空变化趋势     

贾晓平  林钦  蔡文贵 《广东海洋大学学报》2000,20(3):32-36

为了解广东沿海 Cu含量水平的时空变化趋势 ,1989～ 1997年实施“南海贻贝观察”对广东沿海 12个地点进行了连续监测。实测数据和有关历史资料综合分析结果显示 ,广东沿海牡蛎体 Cu含量(湿重 )范围为 2 .70～ 352 mg· kg-1,平均值为 94 .1mg·kg-1,总超标率达 35.1% ;局部海区属重污染水平。牡蛎体 Cu含量的空间分布特点呈珠江口海区 >粤西海区 >粤东海区格局 ;Spearman顺位相关分析结果表明 ,1989～ 1997年间 ,广东沿海牡蛎体 Cu含量年际间无明显的趋势性变化。  相似文献   

Three-Dimensional Mineral Potential Mapping for Reducing Multiplicity and Uncertainty: Kaerqueka Polymetallic Deposit,QingHai Province,China     

Wang  Yang  Chen  Jianping  Jia  Donghui 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(1):365-393

Natural Resources Research - This study focuses on the selection of a method combining simulations of mineralizing processes with three-dimensional (3D) mapping to quantitatively predict locations...  相似文献   

Effects of the undecomposed layer and semi-decomposed layer of Quercus variabilis litter on the soil erosion process and the eroded sediment particle size distribution     

Xiaona Liu  Guodong Jia  Xinxiao Yu 《水文研究》2021,35(5):e14195

Simulated rainfall experiments were performed on bare, undecomposed litter layer and semi-decomposed litter layer slopes with litter biomasses of 0, 50, 100 and 150 g m⁻², respectively, to evaluate the effect of the undecomposed layer and semi-decomposed layer of Quercus variabilis litter on the soil erosion process and the particle size distribution of eroded sediment. The undecomposed layer and semi-decomposed layer of litter reduced the runoff rate by 10.91–27.04% and 12.91–36.05%, respectively, and the erosion rate by 13.35–40.98% and 17.16–59.46%, respectively. The percentage of smaller particles (clay and fine silt particles) decreased and the percentage of larger particles (coarse silt and sand particles) increased with an increased rainfall duration on all treated slopes, while the extent of the eroded sediment particle content varied among the treated slopes with the rainfall duration, with bare slopes exhibiting the largest variability, followed by undecomposed litter layer slopes and finally semi-decomposed litter layer slopes. The clay and sand particles were transported as aggregates, and fine silt and coarse silt particles were transported as primary particles. Compared with the original soil, sediment eroded from all treated slopes was mainly enriched in smaller particles. Furthermore, the loss of the smaller particles from the undecomposed litter layer slopes was lower than that from the semi-decomposed litter layer slopes, indicating that the undecomposed litter layer alleviated soil coarsening to some extent. The findings from this study improve our understanding of how litter regulates slope erosion and provide a reference for effectively controlling soil erosion.  相似文献   

4-硝基苯并-15-冠醚-5液液萃取分离锂同位素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王苏  贾永忠  王兴权  肖江  姚颖  张全友  景燕 《盐湖研究》2019,27(3):62-67

以4-硝基苯并-15-冠醚-5(4-NO_2-B15C5)做萃取剂,苯甲醚和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺盐([C_4mim][NTf_2])作稀释剂和协萃剂,以1 mol/L LiCl溶液作萃取溶剂,构建高效的冠醚—离子液体/锂盐溶液的溶剂萃取体系。重点考察了有机相组成、冠醚浓度和锂盐阴离子等对锂同位素分离的影响。结果表明,4-硝基苯并-15-冠醚-5具有良好的锂同位素分离效果,在萃取CF_3COOLi时最大单级分离系数(α)可达1.043±0.01。  相似文献   

楚科奇和西伯利亚陆架颗粒有机物的来源：碳、氮同位素的线索   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

贾仁明  牟新悦  陈敏  朱晶  王博  李晓鹏  Astakhov A S  郑敏芳  邱雨生 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(9):96-108

The stable isotopic composition(δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N) and carbon/nitrogen ratio(C/N) of particulate organic matter(POM) in the Chukchi and East Siberian shelves from July to September, 2016 were measured to evaluate the spatial variability and origin of POM. The δ~(13)C_(POC) values were in the range of -29.5‰ to-17.5‰ with an average of -25.9‰±2.0‰, and the δ~(15)N_(PN) values ranged from 3.9‰ to 13.1‰ with an average of 8.0‰±1.6‰. The C/N ratios in the East Siberian shelf were generally higher than those in the Chukchi shelf, while the δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values were just the opposite. Abnormally low C/N ratios(4), low δ~(13)C_(POC)(almost-28‰) and high δ~(15)N_(PN)(10‰) values were observed in the Wrangel Island polynya, which was attributed to the early bloom of small phytoplankton. The contributions of terrestrial POM, bloom-produced POM and non-bloom marine POM were estimated using a three end-member mixing model. The spatial distribution of terrestrial POM showed a high fraction in the East Siberian shelf and decreased eastward, indicating the influence of Russian rivers. The distribution of non-bloom marine POM showed a high fraction in the Chukchi shelf with the highest fraction occurring in the Bering Strait and decreased westward, suggesting the stimulation of biological production by the Pacific inflow in the Chukchi shelf. The fractions of bloom-produced POM were highest in the winter polynya and gradually decreased toward the periphery. A negative relationship between the bloom-produced POM and the sea ice meltwater inventory was observed, indicating that the net sea ice loss promotes early bloom in the polynya.Given the high fraction of bloom-produced POM, the early bloom of phytoplankton in the polynyas may play an important role on marine production and POM export in the Arctic shelves.  相似文献   

土地调查线状地物与图斑逻辑一致性缺陷修正方法     

张嘉  白晓飞  汪秀莲  季宏伟  杨宜舟 《测绘通报》2020,(11):128-131

土地调查数据中部分线状地物与图斑存在逻辑一致性缺陷，造成图斑地类面积计算错误。为解决上述问题，本文对土地调查数据线/面逻辑关系进行研究，归纳了线状地物跨越图斑的缺陷类型；并对其成因和影响进行分析，设计了一种通过增量更新进行缺陷修正的方法。该方法不影响地类流量分析，能够较好地维护年度间统计结果的一致性，易于实现缺陷修正的自动化处理，并利于数据回溯。通过土地变更调查国家级数据库质量检查工作实践表明，本文提出的方法有助于提升数据检查的效率，具有较好的实用价值。  相似文献   

Downstream fining in contrasting reaches of the sand‐bedded Yellow River     

Wanquan Ta  Haibin Wang  Xiaopeng Jia 《水文研究》2011,25(24):3693-3700

Compared to downstream fining of a gravel‐bedded river, little field evidence exists to support the process of downstream fining in large, fine sand‐bedded rivers. In fact, the typically unimodal bed sediments of these rivers are thought to produce equal mobility of coarse and fine grains that may discourage downstream fining. To investigate this topic, we drilled 200 sediment cores in the channel beds of two fine‐grained sand‐bedded reaches of the Yellow River (a desert reach and a lower reach) and identified a fine surface layer (FSL) developed over a coarse subsurface layer (CSL) in the 3‐m‐thick bed deposits. In both reaches downstream, the thickness of the FSL increased, while that of the CSL decreased. Comparison of the depth‐averaged median grain sizes of the CSL and the FSL separately in both reaches shows a distinct downstream fining dependence to the median grain size, which indicates that at a large scale of 600‐800 km, the CSL shows a significant downstream fining, but the FSL shows no significant trends in downstream variations in grain size. This result shows that fine sediment supply (<0·08 mm median grain size) from upstream, combined with lateral fine sediment inputs from tributaries and bank erosion, can cause a rapid fining of the downstream channel bed surface and can develop the FSL layer. However, in the desert reach, lateral coarse sediment supply (>0·08 mm median grain size) from wind‐borne sediments and cross‐desert tributaries can interrupt the FSL and coarsen the channel bed surface locally. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A Numerical Model of Nonlinear Wave Propagation in Curvilinear Coordinates     

周华伟  张洪生 《中国海洋工程》2010,(4)

For the simulation of the nonlinear wave propagation in coastal areas with complex boundaries,a numerical model is developed in curvilinear coordinates. In the model,the Boussinesq-type equations including the dissipation terms are employed as the governing equations. In the present model,the dependent variables of the transformed equations are the free surface elevation and the utility velocity variables,instead of the usual primitive velocity variables. The introduction of utility velocity variables which...  相似文献