Biochemical responses of juvenile rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) to low levels of dissolved oxygen in Gamak Bay     

Jee-Hyun Jung  Ha Na Kim  Young Sun Chae  Won Joon Shim 《Ocean Science Journal》2014,49(3):241-247

Gamak Bay is one of the largest aquaculture areas in the South Sea of Korea and exhibits hypoxia conditions during the summer. The harmful effects of hypoxia on aquaculture fish stock have not been elucidated. This study describes the biochemical effects of low levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) on cultivated juvenile Sebastes schlegeli in Gamak Bay. The hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) gene was induced significantly in S. schlegeli collected from low oxygen level areas, which suggests that fluctuations in the DO induces the expression of HIF1α. The level of antioxidant enzyme exhibited significantly higher activities in fish obtained from station F2 in which low levels of DO were shown in 2010 and 2011. The results of this study demonstrate that cultivated S. schlegeli are affected by the low levels of DO in Gamak Bay and superoxide dismutase enzymes operate dependently with HIF1α. The plasma glucose level did not exhibit significant difference in the fish among the sampling stations. We noted that HIF1α and the superoxide dismutase enzymes are useful biomarkers that might enable the detection of otherwise unnoticed hypoxic stress.  相似文献   

Interdecadal change in the Northern Hemisphere seasonal climate prediction skill: part II. predictability and prediction skill     

XiaoJing Jia  June-Yi Lee  Hai Lin  Harry Hendon  Kyung-Ja Ha 《Climate Dynamics》2014,43(5-6):1611-1630

The interdecadal change in seasonal predictability and numerical models’ seasonal forecast skill in the Northern Hemisphere are examined using both observations and the seasonal hindcast from six coupled atmosphere-ocean climate models from the 21 period of 1960–1980 (P1) to that of 1981–2001 (P2). It is shown that the one-month lead seasonal forecast skill of the six models’ multi-model ensemble is significantly increased from P1 to P2 for all four seasons. We identify four possible reasons accounting for the interdecadal change of the seasonal forecast skill. Firstly, the numerical model’s ability to simulate the mean state, the time variability and the spatial structures of the sea surface temperature and precipitation over the tropical Pacific is improved in P2 compared to P1. Secondly, an examination of the potential predictability of the atmosphere, estimated by the ratio of the total variance to the variance due to the internal dynamics of the model atmosphere, reveals that the atmospheric potential predictability is significantly increased after 1980s which is mainly due to an increased influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation signal over the North Pacific and North American regions. Thirdly, the long-term climate trends in the atmosphere are found to contribute, to some extent, to the increased seasonal forecast skill especially over the Eurasian regions. Finally, the improved ocean observations in P2 may provide better initial conditions for the coupled models’ seasonal forecast.  相似文献   

Interdecadal changes in the Asian winter monsoon variability and its relationship with ENSO and AO   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kyung-Sook Yun  Ye-Won Seo  Kyung-Ja Ha  June-Yi Lee  Yoshiyuki Kajikawa 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2014,50(4):531-540

Interdecadal changes in the Asian winter monsoon (AWM) variability are investigated using three surface air temperature datasets for the 55-year period of 1958–2012 from (1) the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis 1 (NCEP), (2) combined datasets from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) 40-yr reanalysis and interim data (ERA), and (3) Japanese 55-year reanalysis (JRA). Particular attention has been paid to the first four empirical orthogonal function (EOF) modes of the AWM temperature variability that together account for 64% of the total variance and have been previously identified as predictable modes. The four modes are characterized as follows: the first mode by a southern warming over the Indo-western Pacific Ocean associated with a gradually increasing basin-wide warming trend; the second mode by northern warming with the interdecadal change after the late 1980s; the third and fourth modes by north-south triple pattern, which reveal a phase shift after the late 1970s. The three reanalyses agree well with each other when producing the first three modes, but show large discrepancy in capturing both spatial and temporal characteristics of the fourth mode. It is therefore considered that the first three leading modes are more reliable than the rest higher modes. Considerable interdecadal changes are found mainly in the first two modes. While the first mode shows gradually decreasing variance, the second mode exhibits larger interannual variance during the recent decade. In addition, after the late 1970s, the first mode has a weakening relationship with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) whereas the second mode has strengthening association with the Artic Oscillation (AO). This indicates an increasing role of AO but decreasing role of ENSO on the AWM variability. A better understanding of the interdecadal change in the dominant modes would contribute toward advancing in seasonal prediction and the predictability of the AWM variability.  相似文献   

Machine learning approaches to coastal water quality monitoring using GOCI satellite data     

Yong Hoon Kim  Ho Kyung Ha  Jong-Kuk Choi  Sunghyun Ha 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2014,51(2):158-174

Since coastal waters are one of the most vulnerable marine systems to environmental pollution, it is very important to operationally monitor coastal water quality. This study attempts to estimate two major water quality indicators, chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations, in coastal environments on the west coast of South Korea using Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) satellite data. Three machine learning approaches including random forest, Cubist, and support vector regression (SVR) were evaluated for coastal water quality estimation. In situ measurements (63 samples) collected during four days in 2011 and 2012 were used as reference data. Due to the limited number of samples, leave-one-out cross validation (CV) was used to assess the performance of the water quality estimation models. Results show that SVR outperformed the other two machine learning approaches, yielding calibration R² of 0.91 and CV root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) of 1.74 mg/m³ (40.7%) for chl-a, and calibration R² of 0.98 and CV RMSE of 11.42 g/m³ (63.1%) for SPM when using GOCI-derived radiance data. Relative importance of the predictor variables was examined. When GOCI-derived radiance data were used, the ratio of band 2 to band 4 and bands 6 and 5 were the most influential input variables in predicting chl-a and SPM concentrations, respectively. Hourly available GOCI images were useful to discuss spatiotemporal distributions of the water quality parameters with tidal phases in the west coast of Korea.  相似文献   

Seasonal variation of meteor decay times observed at King Sejong Station (62.22°S, 58.78°W), Antarctica     

Jeong-Han Kim  Yong Ha Kim  Chang-Sup Lee  Geonhwa Jee 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2010,72(11-12):883-889

We analyzed meteor decay times measured by a VHF radar at King Sejong Station by classifying strong and weak meteors according to their estimated electron line densities. The height profiles of monthly averaged decay times show a peak whose altitude varies with season at altitudes of 80?85 km. The higher peak during summer is consistent with colder temperatures that cause faster chemical reactions of electron removal. By adopting temperature dependent empirical recombination rates from rocket experiments and meteor electron densities of 2×10⁵?2×10⁶ cm^?3 in a decay time model, we are able to account for decreasing decay times below the peak for all seasons without invoking meteor electron removal by hypothetical icy particles.  相似文献   

Spatial variability of biochemical responses in resident fish after the M/V Hebei Spirit Oil Spill (Taean, Korea)     

Jee-Hyun Jung  Young Sun Chae  Ha Na Kim  Moonkoo Kim  Un Hyuk Yim  Sung Yong Ha  Gi Myung Han  Joon Geon An  Eunsic Kim  Won Joon Shim 《Ocean Science Journal》2012,47(3):209-214

This study describes the spatial variation and the duration of the impacts from the Hebei Spirit oil spill using specific biochemical indices in resident benthic fish. Enzymatic activities and biliary PAHs metabolites were higher at the site closer to the spill area in four months after spill incident. Regarding our results of detoxification response, markers of Phase I followed a similar trend in accordance with levels of biliary metabolites, while markers of phase II and GST appeared relatively unchanged.  相似文献   

长波辐射资料整理与内蒙古地区震例分析     

丁风和  哈媛媛 《地震地磁观测与研究》2012,33(3):218-222

将NASA官方网站下载的OLR原始数据资料,处理为二维空间数据和单点时序数据,通过地震目录核实对比,利用OLR月平均场演变法和月平均场距平法分析1974年以来内蒙古及周边地区发生的337次地震事件（Ms≥5）前,长波辐射的时空变化特征。结果发现：在震前约3—5个月,在许多地震前长波辐射（OLR）出现明显的异常反映,许多点位在震前异常比较明显。  相似文献   

Spring water and water culture on Jeju island   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Park WB  Ha K 《Ground water》2012,50(1):159-165

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Photochemical escape of oxygen from Mars: A comparison of the exobase approximation to a Monte Carlo method     

Jane L. Fox  Aleksander B. Ha? 《Icarus》2009,204(2):527-544

The non-thermal escape of neutral O atoms from Mars at the current epoch is largely due to dissociative recombination of :