渤海湾表层沉积物重金属与污染评价   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

秦延文  苏一兵  郑丙辉  张雷  万峻 《海洋科学》2007,31(12):28-33

用原子吸收法测定了渤海湾表层沉积物中重金属的含量,同时用2种评价方法对该海域底质环境进行了评价。结果表明:沉积物中汞、锌含量平均值超过标准,其余项目未发现超标;其分布特征由于受沿岸不同污染源的污染影响,重金属污染物难以形成一定规律的分布状态。同时该海域底质环境质量总指数已达到污染程度和很强的生态危害,其中主要污染元素是Hg,已达重污染,并形成极强的生态危害。  相似文献   

Photoinduced toxicity single and binary mixtures of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MENG Wei  WANG Liping  ZHENG Binghui 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(6):41-50

Diatom Skeletonema costatum Cleve is one of the main predominant phytoplankton species in the Changjiang Estuary in China. In order to provide some basic information for future assessment of the potential risk on phytoplankton communities in this estuary caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), this alga was selected as a representative to investigate the photoinduced toxicity of PAHs, in single and mixture. Four PAHs including three-ring phenanthrene and anthracene, four-ring fluoranthene and pyrene were tested in the laboratory. The single toxicity of each PAH on this microalga was compared with and without the simulated solar UV radiation. The results showed that this microalga was sensitive to PAH's photoinduced toxicity. Ratios of the 72 h median effect concentration obtained for fluorescent and UV light tests were about 8.4 for phenanthrene, 13.0 for anthracene, 6.5 for fluoranthene, and 5.7 for pyrene, indicating that UV light enhanced the PAH toxicity to this alga significantly. Under the fluorescent radiation (lacking UV), the dose-response curves based on chemical concentrations revealed that the order of toxic strength was fluoranthene greater than pyrene greater than anthracene greater than phenanthrene; while under the UV radiation (476 μW/cm2 for UVA, 6.5 μW/cm2 for UVB) it became fluoranthene approximately equaling anthracene greater than pyrene greater than phenanthrene, indicating that the UV light also changed its relative toxicity to this alga. The photoinduced toxicity of PAHs to the marine diatom S. costatum might be a synergistic effect of photosensitization reactions (e.g., generation of single-state oxygen) and photomodification (photooxidation and/or photolysis).The combined effects of six binary mixtures on the marine diatom S. costatum were investigated using the additive-index method. Four binary-mixtures (phenanthrene plus anthracene; phenanthrene plus pyrene; anthracene plus fluoranthene; anthracene plus pyrene) were found to be synergistic joint action mode, while two binary-mixtures (phenanthrene plus fluoranthene; fluoranthene plus pyrene) displayed antagonist, revealing a complex pattern of possible interactions. The combined action mode of PAHs might be related to various factors such as the mixture compounds, mixture ratios and test conditions, etc.  相似文献   

苏北盆地中古生代油气勘探发现与生储盖组合特征及现实意义     

许红  焦里力  蔡乾忠  钱中富  温珍河  郑绍贵  郭振轩  王运海  闫桂京  孙和清 《海洋地质前沿》2007,23(9):24-29,34

苏北盆地中古生代油气勘探具有50年的历史,在收集前人资料分析基础上,对苏北盆地和黄桥二氧化碳气田及朱家墩天然气田生储盖体系的地质特征及成藏要素分别进行了对比,分析了典型成藏模式;认为苏北盆地虽然只是苏北—南黄海盆地古、中、新生代盆地的一小部分,但其幔源"古生新储"二氧化碳气田和常规"古生新储"天然气田的发现对于海域南黄海盆地极具现实意义。  相似文献   

珠江口近30a的SST变化特征分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

汤超莲  郑兆勇  游大伟  邓松  黄亚如 《台湾海峡》2006,25(1):96-101

根据珠江口多个定点站近30a表层海水温度（SST）实测资料和气象站观测的气温资料，使用功率谱和小波分析方法，计算分析珠江口SST变化特点、上升趋势及其与El Nino／La Nino的响应关系．结果表明各月SST存在着1-2℃的海域差异，SST的年较差达10～11℃，SST的季节变化与全球气候变暖呈显著相关．1971-2003年SST呈显著上升趋势，其线性上升率为0．019～0．034℃／a，且珠江口外高于口内．El Nino／La Nino事件对珠江口SST变化的影响并非单一的对应关系．  相似文献   

0010号台风"碧利斯"对厦门港湾表层海水中溶解无机砷含量的影响     

李俊  郑佩如  杨逸萍  胡明辉 《台湾海峡》2002,21(4):404-410

本文研究了0010号台风“碧利斯”影响期间及其随后的恢复期中,厦门港湾中九龙江口和西港海域站表层海水总溶解砷（TDIAs)、As^3 含量和As^3 /As^5 值的变化特征。结果表明,观测期间两站TDIAs和As^5 含量均比非台风时期呈数倍增加,经10d后仍未恢复到非台风时的水平。As^3 含量也有较大幅度的增加,但波动较大。文中还对观测期间影响溶解无机砷含量的因素进行了初步的探讨。  相似文献   

应用数字地形模型方法分析漳州港海底冲淤变化     

杨顺良  郑承忠 《热带海洋学报》2001,20(3):68-74

利用漳州港海域无围堰填海造地前后的水深测量数据，结合海域地质钻探、表层和柱状沉积物资料，用数字地形模型方法计算了该区海底的冲淤量，分析了冲淤变化及其影响因素，结果显示：（1）淤积主要发生在近岸海域，其主要原因是近岸3-10m厚的海底淤泥层在回填土的挤压和推移下发生形变，产生淤浅假象；另一个原因是回填时部分泥沙流失入海，淤积在近岸海域，致使淤积强度增大。（2）由近岸往外，淤积强度逐渐减弱，并过渡为产中刷状态。  相似文献   

光诱鱿鱼浮拖网渔具渔法试验报告     

郑国富??  郑雅友??  戴天元??  洪明苇??  黄桂芳 《海洋科学》2001,25(4):5-8

1989－1999年开展光诱鱿鱼浮拖网渔具渔法研究的生产试验结果为：1998年生产试验86个夜（航次），总产量33．225t，其中鱿鱼产量为12．470t，占总产量的37．5％，总产值139000元，比同村光诱敷网的平均产量（31．62t）高5．1％左右。1999年生产试验80夜（航次），总产量54．66t，其中鱿鱼产量31．92t，占总产量的58．4％，总产值187000元。试验网产量比同村光诱敷网的平均产量（45．64t)增产19．76％，产值增加22．65％，鱿鱼产量占总渔获量的比例提高近10个百分点，投入产出比为1：1．684。取得了较好的试验结果，达到了预期试验目的。此外，文中还讨论了水上灯数量，网具规格和柔性网板等对生产效果和捕捞对象的影响及适应性情况，并建议开展光场强度及其分布的海上实测和光场强度对鱿鱼，趋光性鱼类的行为习性以及生长影响等试验研究，制定出光诱鱿鱼浮报网和敷网作业诱鱼灯数量和分布标准，以合理利用鱿鱼和中上层鱼类资源，实现可持续发展。  相似文献   

New Numerical Scheme for Simulation of Hyperbolic Mild-Slope Equation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

ZHENG Yonghong 《中国海洋工程》2001,(2):185-194

The original hyperbolic mild-slope equation can effectively take into account the combined effects of wave shoaling, refraction, diffraction and reflection, but does not consider the nonlinear effect of waves, and the existing numerical schemes for it show some deficiencies. Based on the original hyperbolic mild-slope equation, a nonlinear dispersion relation is introduced in present paper to effectively take the nonlinear effect of waves into account and a new numerical scheme is proposed. The weakly nonlinear dispersion relation and the improved numerical scheme are applied to the simulation of wave transformation over an elliptic shoal. Numerical tests show that the improvement of the numerical scheme makes efficient the solution to the hyperbolic mild-slope equation. A comparison of numerical results with experimental data indicates that the results obtained by use of the new scheme are satisfactory.  相似文献   

AN ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF FOULING ORGANISMS IN XISHA ISLANDS     

张良兴  黄宗国  李传燕  郑成兴 《海洋学报(英文版)》1984,3(4):547-558

Monthly and seasonal panel experiments were carried out in the Yongxing Island from September 1979 to August 1981. Altogether 119 species of fouling organisms are collected, of which, Hydroides elegans, Serpula vermicular is, Scrupocellaria longispinosa, Amathia distant, Enteromorpha spp. and Ostrea spp. are dominant species. Fouling of organisms may occur all the year round with evident seasonal variations, Species succession in the process of community formation is very evident and the climax has arrived after two years. Great variation exists between fouling organisms in different years and at different stations.  相似文献   

双因素判别分析胃癌组织与正常组织自体荧光光谱     

马君  史晓凤  李颖  王荣  毛伟征  郑荣儿  孟继武 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(4):662-666

通过对手术切除的37例胃癌患者的离体标本的自体荧光光谱检测,显示308nm,337nm激发光谱均呈双主峰结构,双主峰的比值均能区分胃癌与正常胃壁(P<0.001).分别用308nm,337nm激发荧光光谱单因素分析诊断胃癌的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值分别为88.8%,86.8%,86.4%和80.1%,72.1%,67.5%.对308nm及337nm激发荧光光谱双因素分析,癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值分别为94.4%,92.1%,91.9%,其诊断正确符合率明显高于单因素分析的结果.研究表明,以308nm及337nm双波长激发检测胃壁浆膜,双因素判别算法可较好地区分胃癌,这种方法有望成为手术中快速识别胃癌在胃壁的浸润范围的有效方法.  相似文献