触发重庆山洪灾害的典型环流和影响系统分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

王中  陈艳英 《高原气象》2007,26(3):609-614

通过对触发重庆山洪灾害的31次区域性暴雨的特点以及产生重庆区域性暴雨的典型大气环流形势和主要影响系统的统计分析,结果表明:(1)重庆山洪灾害主要是强降水引起的滑坡、局部泥石流和小溪流的洪涝等灾害,其危害极大;(2)诱发重庆山洪灾害的典型区域性强降水主要出现在5~9月,其中7月出现频率最大;(3)绝大部分区域性强降水过程产生前,在500 hPa中、高纬地区上空形成两脊一槽型(占52%)或两槽一脊型的环流形势(占42%);(4)高原槽(高原切变)、高原涡、副热带高压、西南涡、低空急流、地面冷锋等为其主要影响系统。  相似文献   

苏鲁造山带在朝鲜半岛的延伸:造山带、前寒武纪基底以及古生代沉积盆地的证据与制约   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

翟明国  郭敬辉  李忠  陈代钊  彭澎  李铁胜  张艳斌  侯泉林  樊祺诚  胡波 《高校地质学报》2007,13(3):415-428

苏鲁超高压带是否延伸到朝鲜半岛以及用何种方式延伸,成为很多地质学家注目的科学问题。新的研究成果包括:(1)在朝鲜半岛前寒武纪京畿陆块中,识别出一个含有榴辉岩的变质杂岩(洪城杂岩),榴辉岩透镜体出露于花岗片麻岩中,榴辉岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄是230Ma和～880Ma,围岩片麻岩的年龄约为810～820Ma;(2)朝鲜半岛的3个陆块(狼林、京畿和岭南陆块)具有与华北克拉通相似的岩石组合与演化历史;(3)南北朝鲜两个主要的古生代沉积盆地与华北具有很好的可比性;(4)临津江带和沃川带都不具有碰撞造山带的变质特征。据此提出了地壳拆离与逆冲模式,即华北与扬子陆壳的碰撞带沿朝鲜半岛西缘、大致呈南北走向分布。扬子陆壳俯冲带的深部(超高压部分)未在朝鲜半岛地表出露,下地壳(高压部分)从俯冲带拆离并逆掩到地表(洪城杂岩),以透镜体(岩片)状插入京畿地块的前寒武纪基底杂岩中,没有形成横穿朝鲜半岛的变质(造山)带。临津江带和沃川带有可能是扬子陆块的上地壳,它们从下地壳拆离、逆掩到地表,现在的展布状态是受到中生代构造的控制。  相似文献   

论直流激发极化法的视电阻率参数          下载免费PDF全文

赵聚林  涂明  冯军  王忠  吕旭红 《甘肃地质》2007,16(4):85-87

直流激发极化法,计算视电阻率的一次场采集于供电方波的末端时间,从而包含了被激发形成的二次场。在高极化率地质体上,得到的视电阻率将削弱其低阻特性或放大高阻特性。为此,建议在野外工作中,应对所采集的一次场作适当的处理后,再计算视电阻率,以降低这种影响。  相似文献   

Comparison of ecophysiological characteristics between introduced and indigenous mangrove species in China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Luzhen Chen  Nora F.Y. Tam  Jianhui Huang  Xueqin Zeng  Xiangli Meng  Cairong Zhong  Yuk-shan Wong  Guanghui Lin   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,79(4):644-652

Due to its rapid growth, the introduced mangrove species Sonneratia apetala from Bangladesh has been widely used in mangrove restoration in southeastern China since 1985. As an indigenous mangrove species in Hainan, China, Sonneratia caseolaris was also planted in Guangdong Province for afforestation purposes. Both species have developed well in their new habitats, but their ecophysiological differences with the native mangrove species have not been studied. In this study, leaf gas exchange, water and nitrogen use efficiencies of two Sonneratia species were compared with those of selected native mangrove species (Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Kandelia candel, and Excoecaria agallocha) in Hainan and Shenzhen. The introduced S. apetala maintained lower carbon assimilation rate (A) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) than the indigenous S. caseolaris. In Shenzhen, the two introduced Sonneratia had comparable photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency (WUE) with the native mangrove species, except that PNUE in S. caseolaris was significantly higher than in the native mangrove species. The two Sonneratia species showed significant overlap in PNUE and long-term WUE. Photosynthetic parameters derived from leaf photosynthetic light–response curves and A–C_i curves also suggested lower carbon assimilation capacities for the introduced Sonneratia than for the native mangrove species in both study sites. The lower light compensation point (LCP) of two introduced Sonneratia in both study sites also indicated a better adaptation to a low light regime than the native mangrove species. The results of photosynthetic capacities indicated that the introduced mangrove species have little competitive advantage over local native mangrove species in their respective new habitats.  相似文献   

Comparison Study on Wind Input and Whitecapping Dissipation Expressions in Numerical Simulation of Typhoon Generated Waves     

葛义军  钟中  张金善  蒋小平 《中国海洋工程》2008,22(4):635-647

In order to investigate the effect of wind input and whitecapping dissipation on the simulation of typhoon-waves, three experiments are conducted with the latest version of SWAN （Simulating WAves Nearshore） model. The three experiments adopt the Komen, Janssens, and Westhuysen expressions for wind input and whitecapping dissipation, respectively. Besides the above-mentioned source tems, other parameterization schemes in these experiments are the same. It shows that the experiment with the Westhuysen expression result in the least simulation errors while that with the Janssens expression has the most. The results from the experiments with Komen and Westhuysen expressions show that the differenees in significant wave height （SWH） have a good correlation with the differences in dissipation energy caused by whiteeapping. This indicates that the whitecapping dissipation source term plays an important role in the resultant differences of the simulated SWH between the two experiments.  相似文献   

用VB实现对台风路径预报研究     

梁忠 《海洋技术学报》2008,27(1):125-128

台风对国民经济和人民生活带来巨大损失,在台风预报中,台风路径预报居于首位,文中利用Visual BASIC可视化编程语言对就2000年到2005年的台风资料进行了可视化编程、显示,并对若干个例的结果进行了分析,对实际台风预报业务具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

从永夏陈四楼煤矿水文地质特征看岩溶陷落柱并不存在     

程东全  张中军  侯士宁 《河南国土资源》2000,(2)

根据区域和矿区地质资料 ,结合岩溶陷落柱的形成地质条件进行认真的分析研究 ,得出了否定的认识 ,对正确认识永夏矿区的水文地质条件 ,有效地开展矿井防治水工作 ,正确指导生产有重要意义。  相似文献   

中生代之前柴达木的演化研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈忠  魏文彬  曹璐  金雅琪  苗甜 《盐湖研究》2019,27(1):19-27

现今柴达木盆地的形成,中生代以来的构造运动起到了关键性作用,但是柴达木地块在中生代以前的演化也具有重要的意义。基于前人的研究,系统论述了柴达木在中生代以前的发展演化。柴达木盆地存在一个统一的前震旦系克拉通基底,基底存在双重结构,包括元古宙结晶基底和古生代褶皱基底。柴盆周边古老山体出露有下元古界区域热变质作用形成的达肯大坂群和金水口群,以及中上元古界的小庙群、冰沟群和丘吉东沟群。柴盆基底多登—小柴旦一线可能存在一个东西向的"中央断裂带",断裂带西北部的基底塑型强、埋深大,新生界地层发育;而东南部基底具刚性,埋深较浅,第三系不发育,地表主要为第四系盖层。自显生宙以来柴达木的演化,是与新元古代联合古陆的裂解,再到二叠纪中期北半球劳亚古陆形成的大地构造演化背景一致的;寒武纪时,柴达木地块还处于南半球低纬度,后逐渐向北漂移,至二叠纪时已位于北纬12.7°。关于柴达木盆地的形成,特别是中生代后逐渐演化为现今盆—山模式,主要是受到周边断裂带的控制,即柴北缘断裂带、东昆仑断裂带和阿尔金断裂带。因此,柴达木地块的演化,是在与周边地块不断适应、调整过程中实现的。  相似文献   

Predicting the entire soil-water characteristic curve using measurements within low suction range     

YE Yun-xue  ZOU Wei-lie  HAN Zhong  LIU Xiao-wen 《山地科学学报》2019,(5)

The soil-water characteristic curve(SWCC) is widely used in the design and evaluation in the practice of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering such as the slope stability under the influence of environmental factors. The SWCC has distinct features in the capillary and adsorption zones due to different physical mechanisms. Measurements of the SWCC are typically limited within the capillary zone(i.e., low suction range). It is cumbersome and time-consuming to measure the SWCC in the adsorption zone(i.e., high suction range). This study presents a simple method to predict the entire SWCC within both the capillary and adsorption zones, using measured data only from low suction range(e.g., from 0 to 500 kPa). Experimental studies were performed on a completely weathered granite residual soil to determine its entire SWCC from saturated to dry conditions. The resultant SWCC, along with the SWCC measurements of 14 soils reported in the literature, were used to validate the proposed method. The results indicate that the proposed method has good consistency with a wide array of measured data used in this study. The proposed method is easy to use as it only requires a simple parameter calibration for a commonly used SWCC model. It can be used to improve the reliability in the prediction of the SWCC over the entire suction range when measurements are limited within the low suction range.  相似文献   

济源地区中-下三叠统碎屑锆石年代学特征及其物源分析     

彭深远  杨文涛  王艳鹏  仲聪聪 《地质科技通报》2019,38(5):126-137

沉积物源组成及其演化是研究沉积盆地及盆山系统演化的关键。对济源地区中-下三叠统3个组进行了碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素分析,结果显示,下三叠统刘家沟组碎屑锆石具有6个年龄峰值:270,329,385,450,1885,2511Ma,其中晚古生代碎屑锆石应来自内蒙古隆起,早古生代碎屑锆石来自秦岭造山带,而新太古代-古元古代碎屑锆石则来自华北克拉通基底。下三叠统和尚沟组碎屑锆石年龄主峰值为420Ma,次峰值为745Ma和952Ma,均来自秦岭造山带。中三叠统二马营组碎屑锆石年龄主峰值为254Ma,可能来自华北板块南缘再旋回的沉积物,次峰值为1690Ma和2524Ma,应来自华北克拉通基底,其中1690Ma的碎屑锆石对应了华北板块南缘广泛出露的熊耳群。新元古界碎屑锆石由刘家沟组至和尚沟组增多,说明秦岭造山带基底逐渐剥露,是造山作用增强的体现。中三叠世末,秦岭造山带进入全面碰撞造山阶段,从地质演化过程来看,秦岭造山带在中三叠世也应处于持续隆升状态,然而二马营组中却没有来自秦岭造山带的碎屑锆石记录,而是以华北板块南缘盖层和基底为主,推测秦岭造山带的造山作用影响到了华北板块南缘,使华北板块南缘不断抬升,阻挡了秦岭造山带为济源地区提供沉积物。  相似文献