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1.
汕头3种人工红树林湿地大型底栖动物群落的比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对广东省汕头市莲阳河口区恢复背景相同的拉关木(Laguncularia racemosa)、无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)、海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)3种人工林和光滩湿地中大型底栖动物群落进行比较研究。结果显示,4种生境中大型底栖动物优势种(Y0.02)存在差异;相似性分析检验(One-Way ANOSIM)表明4种生境间大型底栖动物群落结构差异显著。等级聚类和非参数多变量标序也显示4种生境间的大型底栖动物群落结构差异显著。3种人工林中,无瓣海桑、海桑人工林中大型底栖动物群落结构较为相似;3种人工林中大型底栖动物物种多样性和生物量从大到小的排列次序为:拉关木海桑无瓣海桑。BIOENV分析表明大型底栖动物分布与林地土壤p H、有机质、砂粒和粉粒含量、红树植物平均株高、平均胸径、平均基径和冠幅(南北×东西)这些理化因子显著相关,这进一步证实了红树植物种类对林地大型底栖动物多样性和分布的影响。 相似文献
2.
TANG Yijie FANG Zhanqiang CHEN Kang ZHANG Zaiwang ZHONG Yanting AN Dong YANG Xiongbang LIAO Baowen 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(5):115-125
The study aims to compare the differences of macrofauna communities of wetlands at 3-year-forest- age, 5-year-forest-age Sonneratia apetala artificial mangroves, 5-year-forest-age Kandelia candel ar- tificial mangroves with the same restoration background, and the naked tidal flat in the Qi’ao Island Mangrove Nature Reserve of Zhuhai, Guangdong Province. The results show that there were signif- icant structural differences in macrofauna communities among four kinds of habitats. The increase of biomass and species diversity of macrofauna at 3-year-forest-age S. apetala artificial mangroves was obviously faster than that at 5-year-forest-age K. candel artificial mangroves whose average tree height was close to that of 3-year-forest-age S. apetala artificial mangroves. The BIOENV analysis shows that it was related to the rapid growth of S. apetala, which rapidly changed the light level and shading conditions in the forests. The 5-year-forest-age S. apetala artificial mangroves had lower macrofauna species diversity but higher density and biomass than K. candel artificial mangroves with the same forest age. This was due to the rapid changes of physical and chemical properties of habitat soil by the ecological restoration of S. apetala artificial mangroves as well as the changed food sources possibly caused by the leaf-litter of such non-indigenous mangrove species S. apetala. However, further survey should be conducted on whether there are any negative ecological impacts of large-scale cultivation of S. apetala on macrofauna communities, so as to evaluate correctly S. apetala’s role in the restoration of coastal mangrove ecosystems. 相似文献
3.
Luzhen Chen Qijie Zan Mingguang Li Jinyu Shen Wenbo Liao 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,85(2):241-246
For the purpose of mangrove restoration in China, Sonneratia caseolaris has been introduced and planted in Guangdong Province outside and north of its native habitat, Hainan Province. We monitored the litter fall and forest structure of this S. caseolaris forest in Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China, from 1996 to 2005. The annual fluctuation in litter fall increased with increases in air temperature from spring to early summer, and reached a maximum in autumn when the fruits matured. The total litter fall was significantly affected by air temperature, day length, and evaporation, rainfall in the previous month and by typhoons. In 1998, the sixth year after cultivation, the total litter production of the mature S. caseolaris forest significantly increased. The mean annual total litter production during 1998–2005 was 15.1 t ha−1 yr−1, among which, leaves and reproductive materials contributed more than 80% of the total. During the ten years of study, the DBH (diameter at 1.30 m from ground level) and tree height of S. caseolaris increased from 5.2 cm to 18.3 cm, and from 4.5 m to 13.4 m, respectively. The litter fall production was strongly correlated with forest structure parameters, such as DBH, tree height, and crown area. The R value (the ratio of the maximum total litter fall to the minimum in the same community during the investigation periods) of S. caseolaris in the present study was 1.98, indicating a low annual variation of litter fall during these ten years. 相似文献
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5.
The objective of this study was to investigate whether there was distinctive seasonal and zonal variation in the species diversity, biomass, and element accumulation capacities of macroalgae in two major intertidal mangrove stand types （Avicennia marina assemblage andSonneratia apetala assemblage） in the Zhanjiang region of southern China. Over a year, 31 species in 15 genera were identified in both mangrove assem-blages, of which the dominant species wereCladophoropsis zollingeriand Enteromorpha clathrat.Macroal-gal species were significantly most abundant in spring （p〈0.05）, followed by summer, winter, and autumn. Variation in the zonal distribution of macroalgal species was conspicuous in both intertidal mangrove as-semblages, with the greatest abundance in the middle zone, and the least in the front zone. Patterns in the seasonal and zonal variation in macroalgal biomass in theS. apetalaassemblage were similar to those of macroalgal species diversity in both mangrove assemblages. The seasonal patterns in tissue concentrations of 15 analyzed elements were not uniform among the macroalgaeC. zollingeri,E. clathrata, andGracilaria salicornia in theA. marina assemblage. All three species exhibited variation in their responses to ambient concentrations of different elements, implying their differential ability to absorb and selectively accumulate certain elements. 相似文献
6.
选择珠江口南沙区两处典型的以大面积人工种植红树植物无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)为主的感潮河涌,进行湿地区域中的浮游动物研究。于2011年5月和11月对开放性河涌湿地14涌(A区)和封闭性河涌湿地19涌(B区)中的浮游动物进行调研,从种类数和丰度、污染指示种和优势种、营养指数E和污染指数A等方面对浮游动物进行群落结构和功能的分析,并以此对湿地水质和无瓣海桑的净化能力进行评价。结果表明,B区林内原生动物总丰度可达106ind/L数量级,7种丰度优势种均为纤毛虫类,优势种哑铃中缢虫(Mesodinium rubrum),1种赤潮原生动物种类,单种丰度在春秋两季可达1.8×105ind/L、5.1×105ind/L。桡足类、枝角类在春季B区林内丰度最高,分别可达576ind/L和46ind/L,显示春季可能为其繁殖季节。轮虫相对不耐污染生境。指数E和指数A均远高于判断阈值。提出了二项浮游动物的富营养判断标准和二条原则。据此判断,B区湿地存在极重的有机污染现象,主要可能与无瓣海桑林内凋落物量较大或根系分泌物的作用且林内水流不畅有关。 相似文献
7.
TANG Yijie FANG Zhanqiang ZHANG Zaiwang ZHONG Yanting CHEN Kang LIU Benhan FAN Junjie XIONG Tiantian LU Xiaosheng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(8):62-72
The Sonneratia apetala artificial mangroves in the intertidal zone of Da Wei Bay at Qi’ao Island of Zhu-hai, South China were chosen as the macrofauna succession plots while bare tidal flats of the same size were established as control plots in surrounding interference-free areas. Conventional change indicators of community structure, such as biomass and biodiversity, and indicators, such as exergy and specific exergy, which reflect the information change of overall communities, were used to analyze the succession of macro-fauna communities inS. apetala artificial mangroves. The similarities and differences in variation tendency of the different ecological indicators and their reflected ecological principles were compared. The results showed that from D-1 to D-1275 after plantingS. apetala, the biomass of the macrofauna communities first increased, which was then followed by an increase in the network relationship between the macrofauna communities （analysis of the Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. The system in-formation （specific exergy） increased the slowest. Between D-1460 and D-2370 after plantingS. apetala, there was a decrease in biomass, network structure, and system information in the succession plots. After the decrease in the system information （the specific exergy）, there was a decline in the network relationships （Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. Biomass was the last indicator to decrease. The similarities and differences among the different ecological indicators varied during the succession pro-cess, which reflected the relativity and differences among the indicators. This study suggested that, although the species diversity index can be an effective indicator of two types of changes （network structure and system information）, it was quite clear that species diversity measurement was not suitable for expressing the changes in biomass during the succession process. While exergy and specific exergy can provide useful information 相似文献
8.
We examined characteristics of the soil environment related to redox in the rhizospheres of three mangrove species that commonly grow in similar hydrogeomorphic settings: Rhizophora apiculata BL, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk., and Sonneratia alba J. Redox potential (Eh) values and extractable P concentrations were significantly higher, whereas soluble reactive P (SRP) concentrations were significantly lower in Bruguiera plots than in either Rhizophora or Sonneratia plots. Correlations among Eh, SRP, pyrite and extractable P were significant only at plots with negative Eh values. Sonneratia and Bruguiera plots had significantly different soil redox conditions. Bruguiera plots were characterized by more oxidized soil conditions (ca. 80 mV), lower dissolved P concentrations in porewater (ca. 50%), and higher extractable P concentrations in soil (ca. 25%). Differences in Eh and P reflect real differences among species and appeared not to be associated with hydrology. Species-specific differences may be engendered by the trees themselves, or they may reflect microsite differences that have favored the germination, growth, and survival of particular mangrove species. 相似文献
9.
瓯江口树排沙湿地不同生境大型底栖动物群落多样性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解瓯江口树排沙湿地不同生境大型底栖动物群落多样性,于2014年10月至2015年6月对红树林、互花米草及光滩3种生境开展大型底栖动物调查。共鉴定出大型底栖动物48种,隶属于5纲15目31科40属。大型底栖动物年平均栖息密度和生物量,红树林生境最高,互花米草生境次之,光滩生境最低。采用物种多样性指数和G-F多样性指数分析不同生境大型底栖动物群落多样性,发现红树林生境大型底栖动物的多样性高于互花米草生境和光滩生境。单因素方差分析表明:物种数、栖息密度、生物量及物种多样性季节间差异不显著,而物种数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Margalef物种丰富度指数生境间差异显著。人工恢复红树林有助于提高大型底栖动物群落的多样性。 相似文献
10.
采用乙醇提取法、纳氏比色法、钼锑抗显色法及F-C法分别研究了人工引种于福建省漳浦、集美、泉港、连江无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)成熟叶片的生理指标:叶绿素、氮、磷及总酚含量。结果表明,4个地区叶片叶绿素a含量在(1.44±0.54)—(2.52±0.94)mg/g之间波动,叶绿素b含量范围在(0.54±0.02)—(0.94±0.11)mg/g之间,叶绿素a/b随着纬度的升高有增大趋势,表明随纬度升高无瓣海桑对蓝紫光需求比例增大;各地点无瓣海桑氮、磷含量均无显著差异,且N:P比值均小于14,表明均存在N限制;总酚含量随着纬度的升高而逐步升高,可能与无瓣海桑生长条件随纬度的上升而受到外界环境胁迫增大有关。 相似文献
11.
基于GF-2影像的广西茅尾海红树林物种分类及盖度估算分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了掌握茅尾海红树林种类和盖度情况,基于GF-2 PMS1高分辨率卫星遥感影像数据,使用支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)和回归模型方法开展了茅尾海红树林物种分类和植被盖度估算研究,并对其分布特征展开了详细分析。研究表明:(1)广西茅尾海红树林共有4个种类,分别是桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)、无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)、秋茄(Kandelia candel)和茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)。桐花树作为茅尾海红树林的优势种,面积为1228.612 ha,占总面积72.5%,散布在茅尾海潮间带。秋茄面积最少,仅有1.976 ha,零星分布于茅岭乡和尖山镇沿岸,多数与无瓣海桑和桐花树混生。(2)基于GF-2 PMS1卫星影像的NDVI植被指数建立的二次多项式盖度回归模型效果最好,决定系数最大为0.7644,均方根误差RMSE最小为0.0680。(3)植被盖度分布状况与植被类型有密切关系,植被种类纯生区的盖度要明显大于植被混生区的盖度。本研究结果为茅尾海国家海洋公园和自治区级自然保护区管理部门的决策提供理论基础。 相似文献
12.
红树植物的化感作用和生态功能与其多酚类物质的组成和含量密切相关,其植物根系中含有的小分子多酚对红树植物对根际生物群落的调控具有重要的意义,但对其根系中具体含有的多酚类最小单体尚缺少科学实验证据。对湛江红树林国家级自然保护区内五种重要建群红树植物进行原位根系采样,采用液相高效色谱法(HPLC)对5种主要的小分子多酚单体进行定性和定量分析。主要结果为:五种红树根系内均检测出5种小分子多酚单体,浓度含量范围在0.0007—1.7424 mg/g DW。红树植物单株含量最高值分别为,儿茶素1.7424 mg/g DW,棓儿茶素1.1470 mg/g DW,表棓儿茶素0.4457 mg/g DW,没食子酸0.2374 mg/g DW,表儿茶素0.3331 mg/g DW。5种小分子多酚含量的总平均值以秋茄(Kandelia candel)和低潮带桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)最高,分别为0.2778 mg/g DW、0.2379 mg/g DW。木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)和无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)次之,依次为0.0766 mg/g DW、0.0734 mg/g DW。红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)和高潮带桐花树(A.corniculatum)相对最低,分别为0.0488 mg/g DW、0.0341 mg/g DW。 相似文献
13.
为了探究经过15年种间竞争后的外来无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)与乡土红树植物秋茄(Kandelia obovata)的群落现状与发展趋势,采用样方法对福建省厦门市同安湾典型红树林群落特征开展实地研究。结果表明:(1)无瓣海桑是无瓣海桑群落中的优势种,而秋茄仅在该群落北侧与无瓣海桑少量混交,秋茄+无瓣海桑群落为种植秋茄和无瓣海桑的茂密混交林;(2)调查幼苗天然更新情况中发现,在两个群落中秋茄均有幼苗自然生长,但均未发现无瓣海桑幼苗;(3)生长状况的调查发现,无瓣海桑长势较秋茄差,其倒伏数量和倒伏程度明显比秋茄严重;(4)无瓣海桑在秋茄+无瓣海桑群落中的生长状况优于在无瓣海桑群落,倒伏程度较轻。综上可见,无瓣海桑在福建省厦门市该研究样地及其周边更新成林和扩散困难,未有入侵秋茄群落的优势;无瓣海桑在风浪环境下,较秋茄更易出现倒伏和枯死等不可逆生长现象;红树林种植过程中采用"外来种+乡土种"的模式,可提高整个林分的抗风浪能力,但需注意种植布局规格的合理性,可避免外来速生快长种与乡土种紧邻混交产生较大的种间竞争,减小对乡土种生长的影响。 相似文献
14.
为探讨互花米草(Spartinaalterniflora)入侵对三沙湾光滩、红树林湿地的生态影响,分别于2013年10月和2014年9月在三沙湾选择了2条互花米草断面、2条红树林断面和1条光滩进行底栖生物生态调查,分析了大型底栖动物群落分布的时空差异、底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系。经鉴定,该调查海域大型底栖动物共68种,隶属于7门40科,其中短拟沼螺(Assiminea brevicula)为互花米草区优势物种;宁波泥蟹(Ilyoplaxningpoensis)为光滩的优势物种;巴林虫(Barantollasp.)为红树林区优势物种。对各生境大型底栖动物物种数、生物量和栖息密度组成进行双因素无重复方差分析(two-way ANOVA),结果显示不同生境大型底栖动物物种数差异极显著(P0.01),互花米草入侵红树林后,大型底栖动物物种数稍有下降,但是互花米草入侵光滩后,大型底栖动物物种数有所增加;不同生境大型底栖动物生物量差异极显著(P0.01),栖息密度差异不显著(P0.05)。利用大型底栖动物的ABC曲线分析群落结构的稳定性,显示光滩群落结构稳定,互花米草入侵后,优势物种变化显著,双齿围沙蚕数量迅速增加,降低了原有大型底栖动物群落结构的稳定性。除生境影响外,互花米草入侵的潮位区域、生长密度差异、入侵阶段等也均会对大型底栖动物造成影响。 相似文献
15.
Size-dependent distribution and feeding habits of Terebralia palustris in mangrove habitats of Gazi Bay, Kenya 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Ellen Pape Agnes Muthumbi Chomba Peter Kamanu Ann Vanreusel 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,76(4):797-808
The gastropod Terebralia palustris often dominates the surface of muddy to sandy substrates of intertidal mudflats and mangrove forests, where they clearly destabilize the sediment. In the present study, it was investigated whether and to what extent the behaviour of juvenile and adult snails differs among habitats (mudflat vs. mangrove stand) in a Sonneratia alba mangal at Gazi Bay, Kenya. For this purpose we: (1) examined their distribution along three land–sea transects; and (2) applied stable isotope analysis to determine the feeding patterns of different-sized snails from the mangrove and mudflat habitats. Additionally, we investigated if these gastropods exert an impact on microphytobenthic (diatom) biomass, and whether this is size-dependent. The latter objective was met by either enclosing or excluding different-sized snails from experimental cages on the intertidal mudflat and the subsequent assessment of a change in pigment concentration of the sediment surface. In agreement with several previous studies conducted in other mangroves and geographical locations, a spatial segregation was demonstrated between juveniles (more common on the mudflat) and adults (more common in the mangrove forest). On the intertidal mudflat juveniles avoided sediment patches characterized by highly saline water in intertidal pools and a high mud content, while adults tended to dwell on substrates covered by a high amount of leaf litter. Stable carbon isotope analysis of the foot tissue of snails sampled from the S. alba stand and the mudflat indicated a transition in food source when a shell length of 51 mm is reached. Considering the δ13C value of juveniles, it seems they might be selecting for microphytobenthos, which might explain their preference for the mudflat. The diet of size classes found in both habitats did not differ significantly, although juveniles inhabiting the mangrove forest were slightly more depleted in 13C compared to those residing on the mudflat. Assuming juveniles feed on benthic microalgae and considering the lower microalgal biomass inside the mangrove forest, this may be a consequence of a higher contribution of other, more 13C depleted organic carbon sources, like phytoplankton, to their diet. Experimental results indicate a negative, but insignificant, impact on benthic diatom biomass by juveniles (due to grazing) and adults (due to physical disturbance). This finding seems to be in agreement with the results of the stable carbon isotope analysis, strongly suggesting the selective feeding of juvenile T. palustris on benthic diatoms. 相似文献
16.
Analyses of stomach contents and stable isotopes reveal food sources of estuarine detritivorous fish in tropical/subtropical Taiwan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Detritivorous fish generally refers to fish that primarily ingest unidentified organic detritus. We analyzed stomach contents in combination with stable isotopes to trace and compare the food sources of the large-scale mullet Liza macrolepis and other detritivorous fish species in subtropical mangrove creeks and a tropical lagoon in Taiwan. The volume of organic detritus always contributed >50% of the stomach content of L. macrolepis in the two habitats. However, consumed items were distinct between the two habitats and corresponded to the types in which they reside. The consumed items in the lagoon were more diverse than those observed in the mangroves. In the mangroves, the diet composition of L. macrolepis was primarily determined by season, not by body size. In the lagoon, there were no clear seasonal or size-dependent grouping patterns for the diet composition. There were significant seasonal and spatial variations in δ13C and δ15N values of potential food sources and L. macrolepis. However, neither δ13C nor δ15N values of L. macrolepis were correlated with fish body size. Joint analyses of stomach contents and stable isotopes indicated that benthic microalgae on sediments were the most important assimilated food in both seasons for the dominant detritivorous fish in the mangroves, whereas a greater reliance on microalgal and macroalgal periphyton on oyster-culture pens was observed in the lagoon. Mangrove and marsh plants and phytoplankton, which are mostly locally produced within each habitat, were of minor importance in the assimilated food. 相似文献
17.
We reviewed the geological record of mangroves based on fossil pollen, fruits, and wood evidence of Nypa, Avicennia, Sonneratia, Rhizophoraceae, and mangrove associates to trace the origin, distribution, extinction, and range contraction of paleo‐mangroves during the Late Cretaceous–Miocene time. Our study region covers paleocoastal areas of Indo‐West Pacific (IWP) and Atlantic East Pacific (AEP) region. First, we compiled the mangrove fossil records from the Late Cretaceous till Miocene and identified the migration pattern for Nypa, Avicennia, Sonneratia, Rhizophoraceae members, and mangrove associates such as Acrostichum, Wetherellia, Pelliciera, Aegiceras, Heritiera, Excoecaria, and Barringtonia. Second, we interpreted the paleoclimate shifts which caused the dispersal/extinction of this specialized ecosystem. Lastly, we proposed the future consequences of mangrove diversity for restoration and conservation strategies. First mangroves appeared during the Late Cretaceous, 100–65 Ma, since then their evolution is closely related to sea‐level changes in geological times. The oldest geological record of Nypa palm which prefers broad ecological tolerance is a good example for pantropical distribution of mangroves. High sea‐level and humid climate offered sufficient coastal regions and climate for the development of 12 genera of mangroves in nine families and subsequent proliferation into newer areas during early to middle Eocene (~50–40 Ma). The Eocene/Oligocene boundary crisis heralds the beginning of a biogeographical split between the present‐day eastern and western provinces of mangroves with records of Sonneratia, Rhizophora, Pelliciera, Barringtonia, and Acrostichum. However, during Oligocene and Middle Miocene mangroves occupied the present geographical position with addition of Nypa, Avicennia, and Excoecaria species. Re‐evaluation of Cenozoic records suggests that the climatic conditions of Late Paleocene, end of Eocene, and middle Pliocene were the driving force that led to the evolution and expansion of mangrove flora. During the Neogene, latitudinal contraction, extinction, and migration of mangroves led to the present bipartite distribution. The Himalayan uplift and establishment of Asian summer monsoon toward Late Neogene further affected the coastal dynamics which tailored the mangrove distribution of the Indian subcontinent. Loss of ecological habitats and local extinction forming disjunct distribution of mangroves during the Quaternary have also affected its overall biogeography. 相似文献
18.
P.M. Chittaro P. Usseglio B.J. Fryer P.F. Sale 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):673-680
Lutjanus apodus (Schoolmaster) were collected from several mangroves and coral reefs at Turneffe Atoll, Belize, in order to investigate whether elemental concentrations from the otolith edge could be used as a means to identify the habitat (mangrove or coral reef) and site (9 mangrove sites and 6 reef sites) from which they were collected. Results of a two factor nested MANOVA (sites nested within habitat) indicated significant differences in elemental concentrations between habitats (i.e., mangrove versus reef) as well as among sites. When separate Linear Discriminant Function Analyses (LDFA) were used to assess whether the spatial variability in otolith chemistry was sufficient to differentiate individuals to their respective habitats or sites, the results indicated that fish were classified (jackknife procedure) with a moderate to poor degree of accuracy (i.e., on average, 67% and 40% of the individuals were correctly classified to the habitat and site from which they were collected, respectively). Using a partial Mantel test we did not find a significant correlation between the differences in otolith elemental concentrations between sites and the distance between sites, while controlling the effect of habitat type (mangrove or reef). This suggests that for mangrove and reef sites at Turneffe Atoll, Belize, the overlap in terms of L. apodus otolith elemental concentrations is too high for investigations of fish movement. Finally, by comparing previously published Haemulon flavolineatum otolith chemistry to that of L. apodus we assessed whether these species showed similar habitat and/or site specific patterns in their otolith chemistry. Although both species were collected from the same sites our results indicated little similarity in their elemental concentrations, thus suggesting that habitat and site elemental signatures are species specific. 相似文献
19.
The large amounts of leaf litter produced by tropical mangrove forests serve as a major food source for the benthic fauna. The reasons for the preferential consumption of mangrove leaves by crabs are unclear as yet. We investigated the diet, food preferences and consumption rates of 8 dominant grapsoid crab species (Perisesarma spp., Episesarma spp., Metopograpsus latifrons, and Metaplax elegans) in mangroves of Segara Anakan, Java, Indonesia, by means of stomach-content analysis and feeding experiments. Leaves from the five most abundant mangrove tree species (Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia alba, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, and Sonneratia caseolaris) were analyzed for organic carbon, total nitrogen, δ13C, δ15N and amino acids and hexosamines. This study is the first that investigated crab food preferences related to the nitrogen compound composition of leaves.Our results show that Episesarma spp. and Perisesarma spp. are omnivorous crabs which mainly feed on detritus, mangrove litter and bark, and on a small amount of roots, algae and animal matter whereas M. elegans is a detritus feeder. In feeding experiments with green, yellow and brown leaves Perisesarma spp. and E. singaporense had the highest consumption rates for brown leaves of R. apiculata and S. caseolaris, and for green leaves of A. alba. Preferred leaves were characterized by a high amount and/or freshness of nitrogenous compounds and their biochemical composition was significantly different from that of disliked leaves (all leaves of A. corniculatum and C. decandra, green and yellow leaves of R. apiculata and S. caseolaris). The presence of the hexosamine galactosamine found only in brown leaves indicates that bacteria contribute to the amount of bioavailable nitrogen compounds. We infer that the nitrogen compound composition rather than the C/N ratio alone is a determinant for bioavailability of mangrove leaves and hence may partly explain the crabs' food preferences. 相似文献
20.
于2009年8月在海南省东寨港、亚龙湾青梅港和三亚河口红树林区,分别采用自行研制的沉积物耗氧量(Sediment oxygen demand,SOD)测定装置,对红树林湿地SOD和相关环境因子进行研究。结果表明,红树林湿地沉积物耗氧主要分为2个阶段,即瞬时耗氧阶段和渐缓耗氧阶段。3个站位的SOD值范围为102.2-157.7mg/(m2·h),其中瞬时耗氧占23.3%-45.5%。SOD与沉积物中的硫化物含量及上覆水中的化学耗氧量(Chemical oxygen demand,COD)、NH4+浓度有显著的相关性。研究结果表明,红树林湿地沉积物能对其上覆水释放有机物并消耗水体中的溶解氧,使水质变差,因此,用红树林湿地处理城市污水可能导致生态恶化。 相似文献