USE OF DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL DATA FOR THE DERIVATION OF THE GEOMORPHOLOGICAL INSTANTANEOUS UNIT HYDROGRAPH     

DIEGO DA ROS  MARCO BORGA 《水文研究》1997,11(1):13-33

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Seagrass ecophysiology meets ecological genomics: are we ready?     

Gabriele Procaccini  Sven Beer  Mats Björk  Jeanine Olsen  Silvia Mazzuca  Rui Santos 《Marine Ecology》2012,33(4):522-527

In March 2011, the Ecophysiology and Genetics Working Groups of the European Science Foundation COST Action ES 0906, entitled Seagrass Productivity: From Genes to Ecosystem Management, organized an exploratory workshop entitled “Linking Ecophysiology and Ecogenomics in Seagrass Systems”. The goal of the workshop was to discuss how to integrate comparative gene expression studies with physiological processes such as photosynthetic performance, carbon and nitrogen utilization and environmental adaptation. The main questions discussed for integrative research related to mechanisms of carbon utilization, light requirements, temperature effects and natural variation in pH and ocean acidification. It was concluded that the seagrass research community is still in the nascent stages of linking ecophysiology with genomic responses, as carbon and nitrogen metabolism of seagrasses have not been sufficiently well studied. Likewise, genomic approaches have only been able to assign meaningful interpretations to a handful of differentially expressed genes. Nevertheless, the way forward has been established.  相似文献   

塔里木河干流输水运行对河流生态功效的分析   总被引：14，自引：8，他引：6  

毛炜峄  高前兆  秦莉  达伟  沈永平  张建岗  王进  王顺德 《干旱区地理》2008,31(4)

塔里木河干流在2005年阿拉尔站的年径流量为57.18×108 m3,属丰水年,上、中、下游耗水量分别为31.63×108m3、18.93×108 m3、7.206×108 m3.1960-2004年新渠满站水文断面河床总淤积厚度达120 cm,由于河床淤积,洪水漫溢不断增大,导致上游段耗水量呈不断增加趋势.2005年实施了第七次生态输水,向下游"绿色走廊"输水2.80×108m3.从2000-2005年向塔里木河下游绿色走廊应急输水,共七次累计输水时间900天,前期主要利用开都-孔雀河处在丰水期的有利时机,后期靠塔里木河流域综合治理成果和上游三源流的水量增加.总计从博斯腾湖和干流调水25.06×108m3,自大西海子水库泄洪闸向塔里木河最下游河道输水量达20.40×108m3.2005年水头连续五次到达台特玛湖,不仅使塔里木河下游绿色走廊生态条件得到了改善,而且也使干流两侧胡杨林生态林草得到较快的恢复,并使塔里木河干流全程流水的受损河流生态系统得到了修复.塔里木河干流区域林草面积142.1×104hm2,其中上游段46.8×104hm2,约占干流林草总面积的33.0%,位居第二,中游段81.1×104hm2,占总面积的57.1%,位居第一,而下游段14.1×104hm2,占总面积的9.9%,位居第三.结果显示,塔里木河干流上游、中游的植被面积与水量消耗极不协调.2001-2005年上游消耗水量均超过了塔里木河干流初始水权比例下的分配额度.为了保障塔里木河干流实现永久输水和维护其区域生态功能,建议急需对上游河段采取河道整治和疏浚等工程措施,进一步调整干流上、中、下游区水量泄放比例,才能使得塔里木河的综合治理实现生态河流目标.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地北缘果可山石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其成因   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王玉松  牛漫兰  李秀财  吴齐  韩雨  赵齐齐  笪梁超 《地质学报》2017,91(1):94-110

柴达木盆地北缘果可山地区石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得的206 Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为247±3 Ma。石英闪长岩由斜长石(55%~60%)、石英(15%~20%)、角闪石(10%~15%)和黑云母(5%~10%)组成,属准铝质-弱过铝质系列(A/CNK=0.95~1.02),具有I型花岗岩特征。样品富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Cs、Ba、Th等),相对亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti等),类似弧岩浆岩。样品中MgO含量(2.04%~2.44%)和Mg#值(48.9~51.9)均高于变玄武岩/变泥岩在1~4GPa压力下部分熔融形成的熔体,且包含大量暗色包体,这暗示它们可能是由角闪岩相下地壳部分熔融产生的岩浆和富集地幔来源的岩浆发生混合而成。低的锆石Ti温度和高Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+)比值,表明其结晶自低温、高氧逸度岩浆,岩浆形成过程中可能有富水熔体/流体的加入。在花岗岩构造环境判别图解上,样品均落在火山弧环境;同时,样品La/Nb比值(2.27~2.64)与活动大陆边缘区高La/Nb比值(2.0)特征相吻合。结合区域地质背景分析,我们认为果可山石英闪长岩形成于古特提斯洋向北俯冲的活动大陆边缘弧环境。  相似文献   

滇东南法郎组含锰地层沉积相分析          下载免费PDF全文

李盛俊  伊海生  马雪  夏国清  荣建峰  达雪娟 《沉积与特提斯地质》2009,29(2):33-38

滇东南中三叠统法郎组是重要的含锰地层,前人对其沉积环境的认识却存在着深水浊流沉积和浅水潮坪沉积的争议。本文通过对建水-开远地区典型剖面的研究,认为法郎组为浊积扇沉积。法郎组底部为碳酸盐滑塌沉积、碎眉流沉积与泥岩粉砂岩互层,中上部逐渐由外扇渐变为中扇辫状水道和辫状水道间沉积,顶部为内扇补给水道和溢岸沉积。相对海水深度总体表现为在拉丁早期逐渐加深,到拉丁中晚期有逐渐变浅。锰矿层主要发育在底部的碎屑流沉积中,其彤成可能与拉丁早期相对水深的增高有关。  相似文献   

Significance of river–aquifer interactions for reach-scale thermal patterns and trout growth potential in the Motueka River, New Zealand     

Dean A. Olsen  Roger G. Young 《Hydrogeology Journal》2009,17(1):175-183

To assess whether reaches of the Motueka River (New Zealand) that gain water from groundwater were likely to represent significant cold-water refugia for brown trout during periods of high water temperatures, water temperature was monitored for more than 18 months in two gaining reaches of the Motueka River and three reaches that were predicted to be losing water to groundwater. These data were used to predict brown trout (Salmo trutta) growth in gaining and losing reaches. Groundwater inputs had a small effect on water temperature at the reach-scale and modelling suggests that the differences observed were unlikely to result in appreciable differences in trout growth. Several coldwater patches were identified within the study reach that were up to 3.5°C cooler than the mainstem, but these were generally shallow and were unlikely to provide refuge for adult trout. The exception was Hinetai Spring, which had a mean water temperature of close to 16°C during the period January–March, when temperatures in the mainstem regularly exceeded 19°C. Trout were observed within the cold-water plume at the mouth of Hinetai Stream, which would allow them to thermoregulate when mainstem temperatures are unfavourable while still being able to capitalise on food resources available in the mainstem.  相似文献   

Geochemistry of groundwater in front of a warm‐based glacier in Southeast Greenland     

Søren Munch Kristiansen  Jacob Clement Yde  Teresa Gómez Bárcena  Bjarne Holm Jakobsen  Jesper Olsen  Niels Tvis Knudsen 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2013,95(2):97-108

Groundwater in front of warm‐based glaciers is likely to become a more integrated part of the future proglacial hydrological system at high latitudes due to global warming. Here, we present the first monitoring results of shallow groundwater chemistry and geochemical fingerprinting of glacier meltwater in front of a warm‐based glacier in Southeast Greenland (Mittivakkat Gletscher, 65° 41′ N, 37° 48′ W). The groundwater temperature, electrical conductivity and pressure head were monitored from August 2009 to August 2011, and water samples were collected in 2009 and analyzed for major ions and water isotopes (δD, δ¹⁸O). The 2 yrs of monitoring revealed that major outbursts of glacier water during the ablation season flushed the proglacial aquifer and determined the groundwater quality for the next 2–8 weeks until stable chemical conditions were reached again. Water isotope composition shows that isotopic fractionation occurs in both groundwater and glacier meltwater, but fractionation due to evaporation from near‐surface soil moisture prior to infiltration has the most significant effect. This study shows that groundwater in Low Arctic Greenland is likely to possess a combined geochemical and isotopic composition, which is distinguishable from other water sources in the proglacial environment. However, the shallow groundwater composition at a given time is highly dependent on major outbursts of glacier water in the previous months.  相似文献   

贵州岑巩羊桥罗家塘杷榔动物群的发现及其后生动物早期演化的意义     

马海涛  彭进  赵元龙  达扬  孙海静 《地质论评》2011,57(5):743-748

岑巩县羊桥乡罗家塘杷榔组仅出露中-上部地层,岩性单一,均为青灰、灰绿色粉砂质泥、页岩.在其上部层位发现了俞氏贵州始海百合(Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao,Parsley et Peng,2007),计有棘皮动物始海百合、腕足动物、软体动物-软舌螺、节肢动物-三叶虫等8属9种,包括了2个未定名的新种和1...  相似文献   

高寒山区退耕地不同植被恢复方式下群落稳定性     

赵成章  董小刚  石福习  达光文  杨文斌 《山地学报》2011,29(1)

稳定的群落结构是退耕地生态系统恢复的主要标志之一.以祁连山东段旱泉沟流域退耕区为例,采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了建植6 a的人工草地群落稳定性,结果表明:人工草地在短期内形成了不同于撂荒地的植被格局,草地群落盖度、高度和地上生物量特性明显优于撂荒地和天然草地,部分人工草地物种丰富度和多样性高于撂荒地,功能群结构仍以多年生禾草占优势,无芒雀麦+紫花苜蓿混播草地多样性指数低,处于高产和稳定阶段;各草地根系主要分布在0～10 cm土层,不同草地类型0～20 cm土壤含水量变化最大,4种人工草地对土壤水分的影响表现为提高30～50 cm土层的水分含量,在水分涵蓄方面优于撂荒地.但与天然草地相比未形成密丛型禾草,群落稳定性差,草地群落的演替方向具有不确定性.  相似文献   

川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组固体沥青的形貌特征与成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

李胜勇  傅恒  李仲东  李秀华  达丽亚 《沉积与特提斯地质》2011,31(1):72-79

利用扫描电镜观察川东北某地区上二叠统、下三叠统储层固体沥青时,发现固体沥青与显微镜下的无定形、它形充填构造不同,按其外形可分为皮壳状、葡萄状、瘤状、蠕虫状和柿饼状5种类型。其中皮壳状、葡萄状沥青分布在飞仙关组,瘤状、蠕虫状和柿饼状沥青分布在长兴组。根据固体沥青内部鳞片状结构和球粒中间相结构推测其已达高演化阶段。  相似文献