Ontology‐supported Querying of Geographical Databases     

Miriam Baglioni  Emiliano Giovannetti  Maria Vittoria Masserotti  Chiara Renso  Laura Spinsanti 《Transactions in GIS》2008,12(Z1):31-44

Querying geographical information systems has been recognized as a difficult task for non‐expert users. Furthermore, user queries are often characterized by semantic aspects not directly managed by traditional spatial databases or GIS. Examples of such semantic geospatial queries are the use of implicit spatial relations between objects, or the reference of domain concepts not explicitly represented in data. To handle such queries, we envisage a system that translates natural language queries into spatial SQL statements on a database, thus improving standard GIS with new semantic capabilities. Within this general objective, the contribution of this article is to introduce a methodology to handle semantic geospatial queries issued over a spatial database. This approach captures semantics from an ontology built upon the spatial database and enriched by domain concepts and properties specifically defined to represent the localization of objects. Some examples of the use of the methodology in the urban domain are presented.  相似文献   

Amplitude dependence of equivalent modal parameters in monitored buildings during earthquake swarms          下载免费PDF全文

Rosario Ceravolo  Emiliano Matta  Antonino Quattrone  Luca Zanotti Fragonara 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(14):2399-2417

This paper investigates the dynamic response of three sample buildings belonging to the Seismic Observatory for Structures, the Italian network for the permanent seismic monitoring of strategic structures, managed by the Italian Department of Civil Protection. The case studies cover different building types that could loosely represent the Italian building stock, with a special emphasis on cultural heritage and masonry structures. Observed under a low‐intensity seismic swarm comprising about 30 aftershocks after a main event, the three buildings are analysed through an input–output, model‐driven linear dynamic identification procedure, depicting the relation between the shaking level at the site and the variation of the equivalent structural modal parameters, while keeping into account the effects of soil–structure interaction. Finite element models will be used to investigate one of the case studies and to compare the law of variation of the structural modal parameters with respect to simplified models proposed by technical standards. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Multi-SunSynchronous Orbits in the Solar System     

Emiliano Ortore  Christian Circi  Carlo Ulivieri  Marco Cinelli 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2014,111(3-4):157-172

Performances of a planetary observation system are strongly related to the choice of the orbit used. Trajectories with characteristics of periodicity are very useful for the assessment of time-varying phenomena and thus Periodic SunSynchronous and Periodic Multi-SunSynchronous Orbits are particularly suitable to this end. In this paper, the research into these kinds of orbits, previously proposed for the Earth and Mars, has been extended to planets of the Solar System and to their principal moons. In general, these trajectories are typically obtained under the hypothesis that the J₂ harmonic is predominant with respect to the other orbital perturbations, since this allows an analytical solution. However, the hypothesis of J₂ predominant is not always verified in the Solar System and so analytical techniques must be replaced by numerical simulations. Interesting results have been obtained for the planets Mars and Jupiter and for the moons Europa, Callisto and Titan, where periodic trajectories with reduced revisit times and low altitudes have been found. These solutions allow the observation of time-varying phenomena with high spatial and temporal resolution.  相似文献   

Temperate carbonate platform drowning linked to Miocene oceanographic events: Maiella platform margin, Italy     

Maria Mutti  Daniel Bernoulli  & Peter Stille 《地学学报》1997,9(3):122-125

Carbonate platform drownings are frequent, often synchronous global occurrences, yet explanations for these world-wide events remain unsatisfactory. In the Central Apennines, Lower and Middle Miocene carbonate rocks deposited on a 'temperate' ramp in the Maiella platform margin record two episodes of platform drowning followed by hemipelagic sedimentation, dated as latest Oligocene–Aquitanian (26–23 M a) and as Burdigalian–Langhian (20–16 Ma). A high-resolution stratigraphy, based on strontium- isotopes, allows us to correlate key phases of platform evolution with events recorded in deep water ocean sediments. This paper suggests that high weathering rates and nutrient input in the Mediterranean during the early and middle Miocene –possibly linked to the uplift of the Tibetan region – set the preconditions for platform drowning, which were ultimately caused by rapid eustatic sea-level rises.  相似文献   

Unconventional reservoir potential of the upper Permian Zechstein Group: a slope to basin sequence stratigraphic and sedimentological evaluation of carbonates and organic-rich mudrocks, Northern Germany     

Ursula Hammes  Michael Krause  Maria Mutti 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(8):3797-3816

The Late Permian Zechstein Group in northeastern Germany is characterized by shelf and slope carbonates that rimmed a basin extending from eastern England through the Netherlands and Germany to Poland. Conventional reservoirs are found in grainstones rimming islands created by pre-existing paleohighs and platform-rimming shoals that compose steep margins in the north and ramp deposits in the southern part. The slope and basin deposits are characterized by debris flows and organic-rich mudstones. Lagoonal and basinal evaporites formed the seal for these carbonate and underlying sandstone reservoirs. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate potential unconventional reservoirs in organic-rich, fine-grained and/or tight mudrocks in slope and basin as well as platform carbonates occurring in this stratigraphic interval. Therefore, a comprehensive study was conducted that included sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy, petrography, and geochemistry. Sequence stratigraphic correlations from shelf to basin are crucial in establishing a framework that allows correlation of potential productive facies in fine-grained, organic-rich basinal siliceous and calcareous mudstones or interfingering tight carbonates and siltstones, ranging from the lagoon, to slope to basin, which might be candidates for forming an unconventional reservoir. Most organic-rich shales worldwide are associated with eustatic transgressions. The basal Zechstein cycles, Z1 and Z2, contain organic-rich siliceous and calcareous mudstones and carbonates that form major transgressive deposits in the basin. Maturities range from over–mature (gas) in the basin to oil-generation on the slope with variable TOC contents. This sequence stratigraphic and sedimentologic evaluation of the transgressive facies in the Z1 and Z2 assesses the potential for shale-gas/oil and hybrid unconventional plays. Potential unconventional reservoirs might be explored in laminated organic-rich mudstones within the oil window along the northern and southern slopes of the basin. Although the Zechstein Z1 and Z2 cycles might have limited shale-gas potential because of low thickness and deep burial depth to be economic at this point, unconventional reservoir opportunities that include hybrid and shale-oil potential are possible in the study area.  相似文献   

Introductory perspective on the COREF Project     

Yasufumi  Iryu  Hiroki  Matsuda  Hideaki  Machiyama  Werner E.  Piller  Terrence M.  Quinn  Maria  Mutti 《Island Arc》2006,15(4):393-406

Abstract Coral reefs are tropic to subtropic, coastal ecosystems comprising very diverse organisms. Late Quaternary reef deposits are fossil archives of environmental, tectonic and eustatic variations that can be used to reconstruct the paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic history of the tropic surface oceans. Reefs located at the latitudinal limits of coral‐reef ecosystems (i.e. those at coral‐reef fronts) are particularly sensitive to environmental changes – especially those associated with glacial–interglacial changes in climate and sealevel. We propose a land and ocean scientific drilling campaign in the Ryukyu Islands (the Ryukyus) in the northwestern Pacific Ocean to investigate the dynamic response of the corals and coral‐reef ecosystems in this region to Late Quaternary climate and sealevel change. Such a drilling campaign, which we call the COREF (coral‐reef front) Project, will allow the following three major questions to be evaluated: (i) What are the nature, magnitude and driving mechanisms of coral‐reef front migration in the Ryukyus? (ii) What is the ecosystem response of coral reefs in the Ryukyus to Quaternary climate changes? (iii) What is the role of coral reefs in the global carbon cycle? Subsidiary objectives include (i) the timing of coral‐reef initiation in the Ryukyus and its causes; (ii) the position of the Kuroshio current during glacial periods and its effects on coral‐reef formation; and (iii) early carbonate diagenetic responses as a function of compounded variations in climate, eustacy and depositional mineralogies (subtropic aragonitic to warm‐temperate calcitic). The geographic, climatic and oceanographic settings of the Ryukyu Islands provide an ideal natural laboratory to address each of these research questions.  相似文献   

Identification of Caribbean basin hurricanes from Spanish documentary sources     

Ricardo García-Herrera  Luis Gimeno  Pedro Ribera  Emiliano Hernández  Ester González  Guadalupe Fernández 《Climatic change》2007,83(1-2):55-85

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Problems in turbidite research: A need for COMFAN     

William R. Normark  Emiliano Mutti  Arnold H. Bouma 《Geo-Marine Letters》1983,3(2-4):53-56

Comparison of modern submarine fans and ancient turbidite sequences is still in its infancy, mainly because of the incompatibility of study approaches. Research on modern fan systems mainly deals with morphologic aspects and surficial sediments, while observations on ancient turbidite formations are mostly directed to vertical sequences. The lack of a common data set also results from different scales of observation. To review the current status of modern and ancient turbidite research, an international group of specialists formed COMFAN (Committee on Fans) and met in September 1982 at the Gulf Research and Development Company research facilities in Pennsylvania.  相似文献   

Range expansion and redefinition of a crop-raiding rodent associated with global warming and temperature increase     

Emiliano Mori  Andrea Sforzi  Giuseppe Bogliani  Pietro Milanesi 《Climatic change》2018,150(3-4):319-331

Since the 1970s, the crested porcupine Hystrix cristata has shown a marked range expansion in Italy. A web page has been created to collect occurrences of this species to monitor its distribution redefinition. Thus, aims of this work were (i) to identify the main predictors promoting the distribution of this large rodent in Italy and (ii) to predict its potential expansion under future climate change scenarios. A total of 1674 locations were used for this analysis, i.e., all those collected through the web page, with the exception of recently introduced populations (Sardinia, Western Liguria and Province of Varese). The current distribution of the crested porcupine covers a total of 135,177 km², as estimated through ensemble predictions. Future climate change scenarios for 2050 and 2070 show that a further range expansion by this species would occur up to 225,576 km², mainly towards areas where the species was historically absent. The increase of isothermality (i.e., the ratio between the mean diurnal and the annual temperature range) and the mean temperature of the driest months would help crested porcupines to reach high altitudes, e.g., in the Alps. In mountain habitats, the ongoing global warming is shifting the distribution of European forests to high elevations, thus potentially providing porcupines with suitable habitats. A reduction in snow cover and the snow period at ground level would remove an important barrier to the range expansion of the crested porcupine in Italy, and thus facilitate digging and food search by this large rodent. Despite being protected at national and international levels, the crested porcupine is reported to be an introduced species to Italy and, therefore, monitoring its range expansion is required. Furthermore, there are complaints about crop damage in agriculture ecosystems, and the species is still widely poached, thus additional management practices are required. Thus, given the conservation interest of this large rodent, an integrated and constantly updated monitoring system that sustains an addressed set of decision-making tools is recommended.  相似文献   

Feeding ecology of the Andean hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus chinga) in areas under different land use in north-western Patagonia     

Emiliano Donadio  Sebastian Di Martino  Mariana Aubone  Andres J. Novaro 《Journal of Arid Environments》2004,56(4):709

We studied the feeding ecology of the Andean hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus chinga) in three areas with different land use in Patagonia. Two areas were heavily grazed by sheep or horses and wild exotic herbivores and the third area was lightly grazed by cattle. In each area, we assessed skunk diet, prey abundance and carrion availability. Skunks were generalist feeders, with invertebrates composing the bulk of their diet, but also consumed small vertebrates and carrion. Differences in diet composition were found among areas, mainly because skunks consumed more beetle larvae in the sheep area and more cricetines and spiders in the exotic-herbivore area. All prey but rodents were significantly more abundant in spring and summer than in fall and winter, but skunk diets were similar among seasons. In the sheep area, where the soil was most disturbed, we found reduced abundances of invertebrate prey and rodents. High consumption of beetles during autumn and winter when these were least abundant and in the sheep area indicates that skunks had a preference for beetles and their larvae. We conclude that Andean hog-nosed skunks in Patagonia might be negatively affected by reductions of their main prey due to soil and plant alterations by livestock.  相似文献