适用于声波方程数值模拟的时间-空间域隐式有限差分算子优化方法          下载免费PDF全文

陈东  梁文全  辛维  杨长春 《地球物理学报》2016,59(4):1491-1497

声波方程数值模拟已广泛应用于理论地震计算,同时构成了地震逆时偏移成像技术的基础.对于有限差分法而言,在满足一定的稳定性条件时,普遍存在着因网格化而形成的数值频散效应.如何有效地缓解或压制数值频散是有限差分方法研究的关键所在.有限差分格式分为显式有限差分和隐式有限差分.隐式有限差分能够进一步压制数值频散效应.因此本文提出了给定频率范围满足时间-空间域隐式有限差分频散关系的方法,并根据震源频率、波速和网格间距确定波数范围,在此基础上建立方程确定了相应的隐式有限差分系数,使得差分系数能在更大频率范围符合波场传播规律.通过频散分析和正演模拟,验证了本文方法的有效性.  相似文献   

A Finite Layer Formulation for Groundwater Flow to Horizontal Wells          下载免费PDF全文

Jin Xu  Xudong Wang 《Ground water》2016,54(5):719-726

A finite layer approach for the general problem of three‐dimensional (3D) flow to horizontal wells in multilayered aquifer systems is presented, in which the unconfined flow can be taken into account. The flow is approximated by an integration of the standard finite element method in vertical direction and the analytical techniques in the other spatial directions. Because only the vertical discretization is involved, the horizontal wells can be completely contained in one specific nodal plane without discretization. Moreover, due to the analytical eigenfunctions introduced in the formulation, the weighted residual equations can be decoupled, and the formulas for the global matrices and flow vector corresponding to horizontal wells can be obtained explicitly. Consequently, the bandwidth of the global matrices and computational cost rising from 3D analysis can be significantly reduced. Two comparisons to the existing solutions are made to verify the validity of the formulation, including transient flow to horizontal wells in confined and unconfined aquifers. Furthermore, an additional numerical application to horizontal wells in three‐layered systems is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the present method in modeling flow in more complex aquifer systems.  相似文献   

2013年川滇交界香格里拉—得荣震群序列的重新定位、震源机制及发震构造   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴微微  龙锋  杨建思  梁明剑  苏金蓉  魏娅玲  吴朋  卢婷 《地球物理学报》2015,58(5):1584-1596

2013年8月28日和31日四川得荣县与云南德钦县、香格里拉县交界地区分别发生MS5.2和MS5.9地震.这两次主震连同截至2013年12月31日发生的589次M≥1.5余震,构成香格里拉—得荣震群序列.该序列的震区位于青藏高原东南隅横断山脉的三江构造带地区,地处川滇菱形块体西边界,当地有多组交错的活动断裂.为了了解这一震群序列的震源构造特征以及震区的构造动力环境,我们利用区域地震台网的数字波形资料以及中国地震台网中心的有关震相数据,建立了分区速度结构模型;使用Loc3D(川滇走时表定位软件)重新测定该震群序列中10次MS4.0地震的位置,利用双差法对该序列中的更小地震进行重新定位;同时,采用地震矩张量的时间域反演方法获得10次MS4.0地震震源机制的矩张量解.重新定位结果显示:香格里拉—得荣震群序列的绝大部分地震发生在NW向德钦—中甸—大具断裂中段7~15km深度的基底层,整个序列的震源分布长度约17km,横向宽度约7km;震源分布在横剖面表现为负花状构造的断裂带内,其中,NE倾向的主干活动断裂及其北东侧一条SW倾向的次级断裂分别控制该负花状构造的两个侧边.本研究反演得到的震源机制解显示:该序列所有MS4.0地震均是德钦—中甸—大具断裂中段在近S-N向—NNE-SSW向拉张作用下的正断层作用的结果,右旋走滑作用并不明显.这与该断裂晚第四纪活动的地质地貌特征—右旋走滑为主、正断倾滑为辅—并不吻合.这种不一致可能暗示震区的现今构造运动与以往有所不同,为进一步研究青藏亚板块东南隅与缅甸亚板块以及印度板块交界地区的现今构造动力学提出了问题与线索.  相似文献   

创新型测绘工程复合型人才培养机制的研究     

林卉  赵长胜  梁亮  王李娟  邵聪颖 《测绘通报》2015,(10):130-132

随着计算机等现代信息科学的发展,企业公司呈现出对复合型创新人才的迫切需求,急需培养复合型人才,尤其是高新技术类学科专业和紧缺的应用型学科专业,但是现有的专业培养模式不能满足复合型人才培养的需求。本文结合测绘工程专业近些年的培养现状,突出现代人才需求,加强综合素质人才的培养,提出了"四纲三系"的培养方案。经过几年的实践探索,培养了一大批"宽知识面,高素质,强实践能力,懂管理,能创新"的复合型测绘人才,证明该培养机制是非常有效并具有很强的示范辐射作用。  相似文献   

紫坪铺水库地区震源位置和速度结构的联合反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Liang  ZHOU Long-quan  HUANG Jin-shui  JIAO Ming-ruo  LIANG Yi-jing  YANG Mu-ping 《地震地质》2015,37(3):748-764

利用紫坪铺水库7个库区地震台站和10个区域地震台站记录的2004年8月至2008年5月的地震震相观测报告,通过震源位置和速度结构联合反演的方法,采用Simulps14软件对紫坪铺水库地区进行了小震精定位及速度结构反演。通过计算得到了紫坪铺水库地区记录到的几乎所有地震的精定位结果,以及0km、3km、6km和10km几个层面上较好的P波速度和波速比分布情况。精定位结果显示,紫坪铺水库地区的地震活动主要集中在虹口、玉堂镇和水磨3个地区。层析成像和波速比结果则较好地反映了紫坪铺地区受到水库渗水的影响范围及紫坪铺水库对汶川地震的影响。整体上来讲,紫坪铺水库的西南端水库渗水作用最大深度≤8km,汶川主震深度上没有明显的P波低速异常,也没有明显的波速比高值异常,说明水的渗透作用并没有达到汶川主震位置深度,即水对汶川地震的发生没有直接作用。  相似文献   

analyses on the triggering facrors of large quantities of landslides in the upper reaches of the minjiang river,sichuan province     

LI Yan-hao  JIANG Han-chao  XU Hong-yan  LIANG Lian-ji 《地震地质》2015,37(4):1147-1161

Over the past geological and historical period, tens of thousands of landslides occurred in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, an area which is characterized by alpine valleys and has been densely populated over the past several hundreds of years. Discussing the triggering factor of these landslides is of great significance to geological hazard mitigation and prevention in this region. In this paper, we focus on four aspects of regional rainfall, shape features of landslide slopes, the corresponding relationship between landslide area and earthquake magnitude, and the recurring features of the reconstructed palaeoearthquake record at Diexi. Compared with those in Nepal, both mean seasonal rainfall accumulation and mean daily rainfall for the past 30 years are too low to reach the threshold values triggering landslides in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River. Secondly, landslides in the study area are usually absent of inner gorges(canyon topography)on the hillslope toes, which are confirmed in previous studies as typical features of landslides triggered by storms. Thirdly, wide distribution of the landslides in the study area supports our notion of earthquake-triggering because the landslides triggered by storms commonly distribute locally. Fourthly, periodicity analysis of the reconstructed palaeoearthquake record at Diexi provides a few cycles of twenty to thirty years, possibly corresponding to the earthquakes of magnitudes>5.0 or 5.5 which are believed to have caused soft-sediment deformation in the study area. In contrast, like the 2008 M_S8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, the average recurrence interval of the large earthquakes in the study area is 2.6ka. They caused tens of thousands of landslides and provided more coarse silt particles for the nearby lake sediments at least in 330 years for each time. This is consistent with exponential increase of earthquake magnitude from large to medium and of the landslide area with the increased earthquake magnitude. To sum up, we suggest that tens of thousands of landslides in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River were most likely triggered by earthquakes instead of storms. This preliminary viewpoint needs further examination in the future.  相似文献   

origin of the mud volcano in northern tianshan constrained by geochemical investigation     

GAO Xiao-qi  LIANG Hui  WANG Hai-tao  ZHENG Li-ming  LI Jie  ZHAO Chun-qing  XIANG Yang  ZHANG Tao 《地震地质》2015,37(4):1215-1224

Mud volcano is a kind of structural geological phenomena under certain hydrogeological environment and can bring plenty of valuable information to the ground when it erupts, therefore, many researchers call it as "Heaven granted well" whose depth can be up to 12km. Mud volcanoes in Xinjiang are distributed in the central-west region of North Tianshan, and five of them are representative, namely, Horgus, Dushanzi, Wenquan, Poplar valley, and Sailetike. We tested the gas, fluid and solid components of these mud volcanoes through investigations and studies of topography and geomorphology, geological and hydrogeological conditions, and mud debris characteristics, and preliminary obtained the origin of these mud volcanoes based on geochemical features. Finally, the paper describes briefly that the continuous enchancement of regional crustal tectonic stress can not only give rise to the seismogenesis and earthquake occurrence, but also break the original cycle of mud volcano to bring about significant activity, therefore, the two have a certain homology relationship.  相似文献   

长江沿岸港口体系的形成过程与机制   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

曹有挥  蒋自然  陈欢  吴威  梁双波 《地理科学进展》2015,34(11):1430-1440

长江沿岸港口体系是长江经济带的重要支撑。本文首先对自古以来长江沿岸港口体系的形成发展过程进行了科学实证,发现港口体系经历了“港口的起源与产生—港口体系萌芽—港口体系雏形—港口体系形成—港口体系升级”5个阶段。依据实证分析,对长江沿岸港口体系的形成机制进行了归纳演绎,认为相关港口对水水中转和陆水中转腹地的长期相互竞争是导致港口体系形成的主要机制,其中对水水中转腹地的竞争尤为关键,而港口对中转腹地的竞争随时间推移不断向更深层次更广领域推进。最后从政策层面,对长江沿岸港口体系和长江经济带综合运输体系建设的若干问题进行了讨伦。  相似文献   

面向“未来地球”计划的陆地表层格局研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

吴绍洪  赵艳  汤秋鸿  郑景云  高江波  梁涛  葛全胜 《地理科学进展》2015,34(1):10-17

未来地球计划是目前国际上关于全球环境变化前沿研究的综合科学计划,集国际科学理事会(ICSU)所领导的四大科学计划为一体,旨在将自然科学与社会科学结合在一起,并加强决策支持和研究交流,寻求地球系统可持续途径,全球环境变化研究与人类学、社会学合作构建综合集成平台,推进科学研究为社会经济可持续发展服务。本文剖析陆地表层格局特点,分析陆地表层格局的国内外关注焦点及其研究理念的转变与应用领域的拓展。分析表明:陆地表层是未来地球计划关注的重点之一,陆地表层要素与过程相互作用并在人类活动驱动下形成的格局,可作为未来地球计划进一步研究的区域基础框架。未来,陆地表层格局研究应力求方法论的突破,为自然地理学综合研究的发展提供支撑。  相似文献   

联合GPS与重力资料反演福建地区地壳运动     

占惠  梁全强  周红伟  杨婕  洪鹏欣 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(1):16-20

联合福建省近几年的GPS基本网、基准站观测数据和重力复测数据,反演福建块体的分块运动参数和主要活动断裂运动状态。结果显示,受欧亚板块、菲律宾海板块和太平洋板块相互碰撞的影响,福建地区块体的运动样式大体呈现顺时针方向的运动,造成北东向断裂作左旋走滑运动,而北西向断裂以右旋走滑为主。其中,长乐-诏安断裂带、邵武-河源断裂带和永安-晋江断裂带是块体内最活跃的断裂带,其左旋走滑速率分别为0.7±1.3、0.7±1.7和0.6±1.8mm/a,九龙江下游断裂带具有0.5±1.7mm/a的右旋走滑速率。  相似文献