硫化物和氨对西施舌幼贝的毒性影响研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

吴进锋  陈素文  陈利雄  麦扬珊  陆益民  甘居利 《热带海洋学报》2006,25(1):42-46

硫化物和氨对西施舌Coelomactra antiquata幼贝的急性毒性试验表明,硫化物的96h半致死浓度(LC50)值为4.131mg·L-1,安全浓度(SC)值为0.413mg·L-1;总氨氮的96hLC50值为14.220mg·L-1,SC值为1.422mg·L-1,其中NH3N的96hLC50值为0.903mg·L-1,SC值为0.090mg·L-1。硫化物和氨同时存在时表现为相加作用,在等毒条件下其96hLC50值分别为2.001和10.048mg·L-1(NH3N0.870mg·L-1),SC值分别为0.200和1.005mg·L-1(NH3N0.087mg·L-1)。30d的生长试验表明,在硫化物和氨同时存在、硫化物和总氨氮的浓度分别为0.10—0.20和0.50—1.00mg·L-1时,对西施舌幼贝壳长生长和成活率影响不显著,但硫化物和总氨氮浓度达0.25和1.25mg·L-1时则影响显著。  相似文献   

Influence of the concentration ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus on the growth and interspecies competition of two red tide algae     

KANG Yanyu  LIANG Junrong  GAO Yahui  LIN Rongcheng  GAO Hu  XING Xiaoli  MA Jie  LUO Qiaoqi 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(5):107-115

The growth and interspecies competition of two red tide algal species Thalassiosira pseudonana Hasle et Heimdal and Gymnodinium sp.were studied under different concentration ratios of nitrogen to phosphorus,and the algal batch culture experiments were conducted.The physiological and biochemical indexes were measured periodically,including the maximum comparing growth rate,relative growth rate,average double time and chlorophyll a concentration.The results showed that when the concentration ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was 16:1,the maximum comparing growth rate,relative growth rate and chlorophyll a concentration of Thalassiosira pseudonana all reached the highest,and average double time was the shortest.This implied that the optimal concentration ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus of Thalassiosira pseudonana is 16:1.When the concentration ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was 6:1,the maximum comparing growth rate,relative growth rate and the chlorophyll a concentration of Gymnodinium sp.reached the highest,and average double time was the shortest,so the optimal concentration ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus of Gymnodinium sp.is 6:1.From the growth curves as indicated both in the cell density and the chlorophyll a concentration,it is suggested that the influence of concentration ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus on the chlorophyll a concentration and the cell density are almost the same.Different concentration ratios of nitrogen to phosphorus had weak influence on community succession and the competition between the two algae.Gymnodinium sp.may use the phosphorus in vivo for growth,so it is important to pay attention to the concealment of phosphorus,in order to avoid the outbreak of red tide.On the basis of the importance of nitrogen and phosphorus and the ratio of their concentration,the possible outbreak mechanism of red tide of the two algae was also discussed.  相似文献   

澳大利亚墨累——达令中流体系悬浮颗粒物质来源的锶同位素研究     

Doug.  GB 蓝先洪 《海洋地质前沿》1996,(9):21-23

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南黄海斜断面溶解氧分布特征及其微细结构   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

蓝淑芳 《海洋科学》1988,12(3):1-5

本文根据1985年9月中科院“科学一号”调查船使用的Neil Brown MarkⅠⅠⅠ CTD微剖面探测仪所获取的溶解氧资料,对南黄海斜断面的溶解氧分布特征、垂向微细结构及其统计结果进行了分析研究,进一步揭示了黄海诸水团的配置及其水文特征。此外,利用回归分析方法,得到了溶解氧含量与温度、盐度等水文因子之间的相互关系。  相似文献   

Effect of temperature and size on metallothionein synthesis in the gill of Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to cadmium     

Serafim MA  Company RM  Bebianno MJ  Langston WJ 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):361-365

Although the degree of metal contamination is expected to be a primary determinant of metallothionein (MT) induction in marine mussels, at least at polluted sites, variability caused by temperature, and biotic factors such as size, may need to be considered when interpreting field data. To test the effects of these variables, mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, of different sizes (small: 3.5 +/- 0.5 cm and large: 5.2 +/- 0.7 cm) were exposed to Cd (100 microg l(-1)) at different water temperatures (5, 18 and 25 degrees C) for 34 days. Resultant Cd and MT concentrations in gills were shown to be size dependent and increased significantly with temperature. At the highest temperature tested (25 degrees C) there appears to be a disproportionate effect on Cd accumulation, which raises MT synthesis to exceptionally high levels. The effect of size on MT concentrations was also temperature-dependent: at 18 and 25 degrees C, large mussels exhibited higher MT levels than smaller individuals, whilst at 5 degrees C there were no significant differences between contaminated and control mussels, in either size-group, as a result of the reduced level of MT production at this temperature. When considering the use of MT levels in mussels as a biochemical indicator of metal contamination, the potential influence of factors such as size and temperature on MT-metal relationships needs to be considered. Samples should be of uniform size as far as possible, and collection should be limited to a fixed season (avoiding climatic extremes) to ensure that the effects of these factors on baseline levels of MT is minimised.  相似文献   

厦门海岸侵蚀与防护对策   总被引：5，自引：6，他引：5  

谢在团  蓝东兆 《台湾海峡》1993,12(3):293-298

本文根据实地考察、调访、岸滩剖面重复水准测量和水文气象等资料的综合分析,对厦门岸滩侵蚀原因、危害及防护等问题进行了探讨研究。结果表明,基岩侵蚀岸平均侵蚀速率为6mm/a、红土台地岸为1～3m/a、砂质岸为1m/a。厦门岛东部海岸侵蚀最为严重。海岸侵蚀毁坏海岸工程和军事设施,吞没娱乐砂滩和土地,造成房屋崩塌。沙源严重亏失是造成海岸侵蚀的最主要原因;在岸滩上建造不合理的工程也加剧了海岸的侵蚀;强劲的东北波浪和台风激浪则是岸滩侵蚀的主要动力。本文对厦门岸滩侵蚀的防护问题,提出了六点建议。  相似文献   

Reflection of regular and irregular waves from a partially perforated caisson breakwater with a rock-filled core     

LIU Yong  LI Yucheng  TENG Bin  MA Baolian 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(3):129-141

The reflection of regular and irregular waves from a partially perforated caisson breakwater with a rock-filled core is examined. The present mathematical model is developed by means of the matched eigenfunction method. Numerical results of the present model are compared with the experimental data of different researchers. Numerical examples are given to examine the effect of rock fill on the reflection coefficient. The differences between regular and irregular waves are also investigated by means of theoretical and experimental results. It is found that the minimum reflection coefficient of irregular waves is larger than that of corresponding regular waves, but the contrary is the case for the maximum reflection coefficient.  相似文献   

Development of thyroid abnormalities in mummichogs,Fundulus heteroclitus,from a polluted site     

Carletta MA  Weis P  Weis JS 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):601-604

Previous studies showed that adult and 6-month-old young-of-year Fundulus heteroclitus from a polluted site have enlarged thyroid follicles and (in adults) higher thyroxine levels compared to fish from an unpolluted reference site. This study's purpose was to discover when in development these differences begin to appear. For 15-20 mm fish, the average follicle size of the polluted population was significantly larger than that of the reference population, similar to the pattern found in older fish. However, for the smaller size (12-14.5 mm), the average follicle size of fish from the polluted site was significantly smaller. Although not statistically significant, radioimmunoassay measurements of thyroxine levels were consistent with follicle differences: in larger sizes (20-25 and 15-20 mm) fish from the polluted site had higher thyroxine levels but the smaller size (12-14.5 mm) had lower levels. Therefore, the thyroid abnormalities seen in adults begin when the fish are approximately 15-20 mm long. However, the follicle size reversal for the 12-14.5 mm range may also indicate abnormality at that developmental stage.  相似文献   

Growth of estuarine fish is associated with the combined concentration of sediment contaminants and shows no adaptation or acclimation to past conditions     

Forrester GE  Fredericks BI  Gerdeman D  Evans B  Steele MA  Zayed K  Schweitzer LE  Suffet IH  Vance RR  Ambrose RF 《Marine environmental research》2003,56(3):423-442

We tested whether the growth rates of small benthic fish (Gillichthys mirabilis) in three southern California estuaries corresponded with the local concentrations of contaminants. Fish originating from each estuary were transplanted to cages in each estuary in two reciprocal transplant experiments. The growth rates of caged fish, and the size-distribution of natural populations, showed the same pattern of difference among estuaries. Twelve metals and organic contaminants occurred in bulk sediments at concentrations close to their individual ERL values, and a simple index of their combined concentration (the mean ERL quotient) was inversely correlated to the growth of caged fish. Metals in the water column occurred at lower concentrations, relative to toxicity thresholds, than those in sediments and were unrelated to fish growth. Fish used in the field caging experiments, and other fish held in the laboratory under constant conditions, showed no difference in growth according to their estuary of origin. Fish originating from different estuaries also showed no consistent differences in their tissue burden of organic contaminants. Our results thus suggested no genetic adaptation or physiological acclimation to the past contaminant regime, but revealed a possible association between fish growth rates and the combined concentration of multiple sediment contaminants.  相似文献   

荣成市石岛湾镆鎁岛港的潮汐     

蓝淑芳  丁宗信 《海洋科学》1995,19(3):55-59

１９９２年６～７月，中国科学院海洋研究所在镆岛港建立临时验潮站。计 算得到该港调和常数及潮位特征值。分析表明，镆　岛港属于非正规半日潮港。根 据镆岛港和同期及３年石岛港测得资料（二港符合潮汐相似性条件）进行相关分 析和统计计算，获得镆　岛港的设计水位和校核水位等。  相似文献