泾河流域生态系统服务消耗及变化认知分析：基于农户问卷调查和参与式社区评估     

曹晓昌  甄霖  杨莉  龙鑫  杜秉贞  魏云洁  李芬 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2011,(4):345-352

本文以黄土高原泾河流域上游固原市为例,采用农户问卷调查和参与式社区评估方法,研究农户对生态系统服务认知及消费,并对两种方法认知结果进行比较分析。研究发现,农户问卷调查方法农户认知到食物供给、净化空气、净化环境、水土保持、供给洁净水、减少自然灾害、提高收入、薪柴供给、景观愉悦、牧草供给和防风固沙11项生态系统服务,农户日常对生态系统服务的占有和消耗及生态系统服务对农户的重要性程度影响农户对生态系统服务的认知;参与式社区评估（PRA）方法农户可以充分进行信息交流与讨论,与农户问卷调查法相比对生物多样性服务有了认知。研究区生态系统服务发生很大变化,食物供给和薪柴供给服务明显减弱,收入增加;受生态系统服务变化及收入水平的影响,农户食物和能源消费存在明显时空差异,总体而言,农户食物消费总量下降,大部分农户薪柴消费数量减少,农户对蔬菜、肉类、煤炭、天然气等的消费量增加。  相似文献   

不同无机氮浓度下中肋骨条藻和三角褐指藻生长对生长环境pH的影响     

苟彬  高永利  殷克东  蔡卫君 《热带海洋学报》2011,(3)

海洋酸化是当前一个严重的环境问题,而海水pH的变化与微藻生长时对溶解无机碳的吸收有关。在室内条件下采用生理生态学方法,研究中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum和三角褐指藻Phaeodactylum tricornutum在不同无机氮水平下生长到最大生物量时培养液pH的变化。结果表明,培养液无机氮浓度从10μmol.L-1上升到200μmol.L-1过程中,2种微藻的叶绿素浓度和最终pH均呈上升趋势。培养液pH的增加量与无机氮的消耗量呈正相关关系,培养液pH的增加量与溶解无机碳的消耗量也呈正相关关系。  相似文献   

Cassini/VIMS observation of an Io post-eclipse brightening event     

G. Bellucci  E. D'Aversa  D. Cruikshank  R.N. Clark  D. Matson  T.B. McCord  P.D. Nicholson  the Cassini VIMS Team 《Icarus》2004,172(1):141-148

During the Cassini-Jupiter flyby, VIMS observed Io at different phase angles, both in full sunlight and in eclipse. By using the sunlight measurements, we were able to produce phase curves in the visual through all the near infrared wavelengths covered by the VIMS instrument (0.85-5.1 μm). The phase angle spanned from ∼2° to ∼120°. The measurements, done just after Io emerged from Jupiter's shadow, show an increase of about 15% in Io's reflectance with respect to what would be predicted by the phase curve. This behavior is observed at wavelengths >1.2 μm. Moreover, just after emergence from eclipse an increase of about 25% is observed in the depth of SO₂ frost bands at 4.07 and 4.35 μm. At 0.879<λ<1.04 μm the brightening is 10-24%. Below λ=0.879 μm the brightening, if present, should be less than the precision of our measurements (∼5%). Apparently, these observations are not explained neither by a diverse spatial distribution of SO₂ on the Io' surface nor by atmospheric SO₂ condensation on the surface during the eclipse.  相似文献   

The 70th birthday of Evgenii Fedorovich Shnyukov, academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine     

Editorial Board of the Journal Lithology  Mineral Resources 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2000,35(4):392-393

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Shumilina Lidiya Sokratovna born November 7, 1937, died January 1, 2007     

Editorial Board of the journal Volcanology  Seismology 《Journal of Volcanology and Seismology》2007,1(4):283-284

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新疆阿尔泰蒙库同造山斜长花岗岩年代学、地球化学及其地质意义   总被引：38，自引：3，他引：35  

杨富全  毛景文  闫升好  刘锋  柴凤梅  周刚  刘国仁  何立新  耿新霞  代军治 《地质学报》2008,82(4):485-499

对新疆阿尔泰蒙库铁矿区斜长花岗岩体进行了锆石SHRIMPUPb年龄测定,获得了400±6 Ma（MSDW=1.3）的生成年龄,与1号矿体北部黑云母花岗岩年龄相似（锆石SHRIMPUPb年龄404 ± 8 Ma）,表明岩体侵位时代为早泥盆世早期。这些岩体侵入到康布铁堡组中,限定康布铁堡组时代大于404 Ma。同时蒙库铁矿的形成与岩浆热液活动有关,也限定铁矿成矿时代略晚于404～400 Ma。蒙库斜长花岗岩具有高硅,富钠,Th、La、Ce、Nd、LREE元素相对富集,贫钾,Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti具有明显负异常和中等负铕异常（δEu＝0.38～0.50）的特点。Na2O/ K2O=6.36～13.3,属低钾（拉斑玄武质）系列。铝过饱和指数为1.03~1.09,为微过铝质。ISr=0.70438～0.70986,εNd(t)= 1.04～2.17,表明蒙库岩体物源以幔源物质为主,有少量壳源物质的混入。结合区域地质资料,认为蒙库岩体形成于活动大陆边缘的陆弧环境,处于拉张环境中。  相似文献   

基于Linux的FAST馈源支撑系统控制软件的开发     

管皓  朱文白 《天文研究与技术》2010,7(1)

针对FAST的馈源运动控制要求,对馈源支撑系统的控制软件进行了设计与开发。该系统的特色在于基于网络通讯的模块化设计以及采用了完全开源的操作系统与开发工具,操作系统为完全免费且社区化的Ubuntu Linux,开发工具为免费并可跨平台的Qt4。介绍了在上述平台与工具下,整个控制软件的设计与开发过程,关键技术与实现。  相似文献   

基于SOPC的LAMOST光谱仪IP控制核的设计与实现     

张力  王家宁  朱永田  吴莉艳 《天文研究与技术》2010,7(1)

讨论了如何将SOPC技术用于大天区多目标光纤光谱天文望远镜(LAMOST)项目的低分辨率光谱仪IP控制核的设计,并在NIOSⅡ软核基础上设计实现了光谱仪IP控制核。整个IP控制核主要分为底层电机控制单元和通信单元两部分。通过工业以太网,远程控制计算机可以方便地控制低分辨率光谱仪,使其完成指定动作。也可以从本地控制计算机上实行控制。设计中采用将步进电机控制器封装成IP再复用的方法,大大缩短了研发时间,减少错误的发生。通信控制中串口通信和以太网可以互为冗余,保证了通信的顺利进行。  相似文献   

Surface velocity fields of active rock glaciers and ice-debris complexes in the Central Andes of Argentina     

Jan Henrik Blöthe  Christian Halla  Ellen Schwalbe  Estefania Bottegal  Dario Trombotto Liaudat  Lothar Schrott 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2021,46(2):504-522

Rock glaciers and transitional ice-debris complexes predominate the Central Andean landform assemblage, yet regional studies on their state of activity and their kinematics remain sparse. Here we utilize the national glacier inventory of Argentina to quantify surface velocity fields of 244 rock glaciers and 51 ice-debris complexes, located in the Cordón del Plata range, Argentina. Applying a feature-tracking approach to repeated RapidEye satellite imagery acquired between 2010 and 2017/18, we find mean displacement rates between 0.37 and 2.61 m year⁻¹ for 149 landforms, while for the remaining 146 features, surface movement remains below our level of detection. We compare our satellite-derived velocity fields with ground-truth data from two local field sites and find closely matching results in magnitude and spatial distribution. With average displacement of one-third of the active rock glaciers and ice-debris complexes exceeding 1 m year⁻¹, the region hosts an exceptional number of fast-flowing periglacial landforms, compared to other mountain belts. Using a random forest model, we test the predictive power of 25 morphometric and topoclimatic candidate predictors for modelling the state of activity of rock glaciers and ice-debris complexes on two different scales. For entire landforms and individual landform segments, constructed along displacement centrelines, we can predict the state of activity with overall accuracies of 70.08% (mean AUROC = 0.785) and 74.86% (mean AUROC = 0.753), respectively. While topoclimatic parameters such as solar radiation and elevation are most important for entire landforms, geometric parameters become more important at the scale of landform segments. Despite tentative correlations between local slope and surface kinematics, our results point to factors integrating slope and distance to the source to govern local deformation. We conclude that feature tracking in optical imagery is feasible for regional studies in remote regions and provides valuable insight into the current state of the Andean cryosphere. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd  相似文献   

Chemical mixing by turbulent convection in the overshooting region below the convective envelope of RGB stars     

Xiang-Jun Lai    Yan Li  National Astronomical Observatories /Yunnan Observatory  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Kunming  China  Key Laboratory for the Structure  Evolution of Celestial Objects  China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2011,(11)

Based on the turbulent convection model(TCM),we investigate chemical mixing in the bottom overshooting region of the convective envelope of intermediatemass stars,focusing on its influence on the formation and extension of blue loops in the Hertzsprung-Russell(HR) diagram.A diffusive mixing model is adopted during the Red Giant Branch(RGB) phase.The properties of the blue loop are changed by modification of the element profiles above the H-burning shell,which results from the incomplete mixing in the bottom...  相似文献