Correction to: Predicting surf zone injuries along the Delaware coast using a Bayesian network     

Doelp  Matthew B.  Puleo  Jack A.  Plant  Nathaniel G. 《Natural Hazards》2019,98(2):403-403

Natural Hazards - The article was published with errors.  相似文献   

Metal enrichment and contamination in a karst cave associated with anthropogenic activities in the Witwatersrand Basin,South Africa     

Gerhard du Preez  Victor Wepener  Ingrid Dennis 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(8):653

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Geohazards induced by anthropic activities of geoconstruction: a review of recent failure cases     

Khalid Elbaz  Jack S. Shen  Arul Arulrajah  Suksun Horpibulsuk 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(18):708

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Balance of Catchment and Offshore Nutrient Loading and Biogeochemical Response in Four New Zealand Coastal Systems: Implications for Resource Management     

John R. Zeldis  Dennis P. Swaney 《Estuaries and Coasts》2018,41(8):2240-2259

Nutrient mass balance analyses are a way of obtaining ‘whole system’ viewpoints on coastal biogeochemical functions and their forcing. Seasonal mass balances are presented for four large bay systems in New Zealand (NZ), with the aim of showing how they can inform coastal management. Freshwater volumes, and surface and groundwater, wastewater and atmospheric inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were balanced with levels of salinity, N and P from ocean surveys, used to determine non-conservative N and P fluxes and, via stoichiometry, carbon (C) fluxes. For Golden and Tasman Bays and Hauraki Gulf, exchange with adjacent shelf waters usually dominated total N supply (80–85%). In contrast, for the Firth of Thames, 51% of total N and 85% of dissolved inorganic N supply originated from its agricultural catchment. Net ecosystem metabolism (NEM; balance of autotrophy and heterotrophy) of Golden and Tasman Bays and Hauraki Gulf was usually nearly balanced. In contrast, Firth NEM was highly seasonally variable, often exhibiting strong heterotrophy coincident with expression of respiration-related stressors (low O₂ and high DIC/low pH). Denitrification accounted for about 51% of total N export across the four systems, signifying its importance as a eutrophication-regulating ecosystem service. Budgets made 12 years apart in the Firth showed decreased denitrification efficiency, coincident with large increases in system N and phytoplankton. The findings for land-ocean nutrient balance, NEM and denitrification showed how mass balance budgeting can inform coastal management, including inventories of nutrient inputs, balances of oceanic and terrestrial nutrient loading, and potential for risk associated with biogeochemical responses.  相似文献   

A comparison of frameworks for separating the impacts of human activities and climate change on river flow in existing records and different near-future scenarios     

Soghra Andaryani  Vahid Nourani  James Ball  Saeed Jahanbakhsh Asl  Hamidreza Keshtkar  Dennis Trolle 《水文研究》2021,35(7):e14301

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Heat transfer and thermal boundary layers in high amplitude annulus waves     

Jack A. C. Kaiser 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(1):357-379

Abstract

The heat transfer by a rotating, differentially-heated annulus of fluid is measured throughout the high amplitude wave regime. Only Δr_w T was varied (although v(T₁₅ ).K(T₁₅ ) varied by 46%), and it is found that Nu = C₁(λ)Ra^? away from the symmetry and low amplitude to wave transition curves and this is independent of ω. (λ is the wavelength.) On the wave side of these transition curves a region exists in which Nu (symmetry) λ Nu λ C₁(λ)Ra^?. The local heat transfer rate also varies strongly with wave phase.

Using a selection of measured internal thermal fields in the steady, high amplitude wave regime, the side-wall thermal boundary layer structure is examined. It is found that Nu, = C₂·Gr₂ ^A2; both C ₂ and A ₂ are independent of ω and λ to first order. For the time mean profiles, A ₂ ≈ 0.25; in the high heat transfer portion of the wave A ₂ < ¼ and in the low heat transfer portion of the wave A ₂ > ?. These relations hold over most of the vertical extent of the side walls. The deviations of the boundary layers from the above behavior which occur on the remainder of the walls is illustrated. The average thicknesses of the wall boundary layers ∞ Ra^?¼ except in that phase of the wave in which the wall to mid-gap temperature difference is the largest.  相似文献   

Megacryst-bulk rock isotopic disequilibrium as an indicator of contamination processes: The Edgecumbe Volcanic Field,SE Alaska     

Dennis J. Geist  James D. Myers  Carol D. Frost 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1988,99(1):105-112

Sr and Nd isotopic ratios are reported from mineral separates and bulk rock samples from the Edgecumbe Volcanic Field in southeast Alaska, a suite of lavas that has developed by assimilation. Megacrysts in the basaltic unit and the rhyodacites are in isotopic equilibrium with their matrices. Because the rhyodacites developed as the result of assimilation, the assimilate must have been completely dissolved. In contrast, megacrysts in the two andesitic units are in isotopic disequilibrium with their matrix. These megacrysts must be a mixture of those inherited from the contaminant, crystals in equilibrium with the groundmass, and possibly crystals inherited from a mafic liquid.  相似文献   

Turbulence in an almond orchard: Spatial variations in spectra and coherence     

Dennis D. Baldocchi  Boyd A. Hutchison 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1988,42(4):293-311

The spatial variability of turbulence in a fully-leafed almond orchard was studied. Two three-dimensional sonic anemometers were used to measure turbulence spectra and coherence at different vertical and lateral separations inside the canopy. Peak frequencies of the horizontal velocity components, normalized by local horizontal wind speed, are greater in the canopy crown than in the trunkspace. Peak-normalized frequencies for the vertical velocity power spectra are similar in the canopy crown and in the subcanopy trunkspace. Spectral slopes in the inertial subrange are more negative than those predicted with Kolmogorov's -2/3 theory. It is thought that the foliage elements act to short-circuit the eddy cascade. Lateral separation of the instruments in the subcanopy trunkspace has little effect on the shape of the velocity spectra. On the other hand, lateral and vertical velocity coherences between spatially separated sensors are low inside the canopy. These low coherences are due to the Eulerian length scales being of the same order of magnitude as the separation distances of the anemometers. Phase angles between velocity components are about zero for small separation distances. When the two instruments are separated by 9 m and one instrument is positioned in a row while the other is between two rows, vertical velocities are about 180 deg out of phase and the streamwise velocities are about 40 to 60 deg out of phase. These data support the contention that preferred differences occur between within- and between-row wind flow regimes.  相似文献   

Comparison Between Pump and Treat, Biorestoration, and Biorestoration/ Pump and Treat Combined: Lessons from Computer Modeling     

Samuel A. Marquis Jr.  Dennis Dineen 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》1994,14(2):105-119

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Preface     

Jack Hardisty 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1994,19(9):775-775

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