基于可达性分析的高速公路投资空间溢出效应简     

蒋海兵  张文忠  祁毅  周亮 《地理研究》2014,33(1):71-82

基于可达性分析方法,探讨新建交通基础设施投资给邻近地区带来的空间溢出效应及其特征。以2005-2009年江苏省各市新建高速公路为例,通过GIS 空间分析模型、经济潜力指数及情景分析法,得到江苏各市新建高速公路投资建设带来的经济潜力收益值,并在此基础上应用平均溢出效应模型得到区际可达性溢出矩阵,结合各地交通投资与溢出效应货币化模型将区际溢出矩阵货币化,得到区际交通投资矩阵来重新分配各市交通投资成本,以此表示交通投资空间溢出效应。结果显示：可达性溢出效应传递基本上随着到新建高速公路距离增加而衰减,然而各市新建高速公路在邻近地区产生非均衡性的溢出效应,新建高速公路方向、区位以及高速公路网络体系影响了溢出效应强度分布。中间地区交通建设更有助于推动边缘地区可达性水平提高,其交通投资溢出效应普遍比边缘地区规模大,溢出投资占实际投资比重高,区域边缘地区多数为溢出效应的输入地区。  相似文献   

汶川县震后5年生态环境质量恢复评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨斌  曹春香  田蓉  刘诚  田海静  刘迪  项海兵 《遥感学报》2014,18(4):946-957

对汶川县震后5年生态恢复状况进行评价,以多源遥感数据为主,其他调查统计数据为辅,构建了基于压力—状态—响应模型的生态环境质量评价指标体系,采用综合指数法对汶川县2007年、2008年和2013年生态环境质量进行评价,得到震前、震后以及5年后的生态环境质量评价分级图,并对震后5年汶川县生态恢复状况进行分析。结果表明,2007年汶川县有79.4%的区域生态环境质量良好,2008年5月12日地震对生态环境造成极大破坏,尤其是靠近震源地区,生态环境质量下降更为严重。通过震后5年恢复,到2013年汶川县生态环境质量恢复比较显著,有55.84%的区域环境质量有明显改善,特别是生态环境质量较差地区改善幅度较大,但仍未达到2007年区域生态环境质量水平。最后为今后该区域生态环境恢复重建提出相应的建议。  相似文献   

Foreword     

Yang Jingsui  Li Haibing  Paul T Robinson 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(2)

The Qinghai-Tibet plateau is a fast uplifting area that constitutes the world's highest and thickest, and newest piece of continental plate which has unusual geometric configurations and landscapes. The Qinghai-Tibet plateau consists of multiple terranes, with a complex geological history, including the evolution of the Tethys Ocean basin, the convergence of terranes and island arcs, multiple subductions, multiple collisions and multiple orogens, over a long period of action of continental dynamic processes. Before the Indian and the Asian plates collided, during the Early Paleozoic, it was already a large orogen and terrane collision complex.  相似文献   

Digital Simulation on Convergence Tendency between Southwest Tienshan and Pamirs-West Kunlun Systems and Its Significance     

Qiu Zhuli  Li Haibing  Pei Junling 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(2)

The collision between India plate and Eurasia continent 55 Ma ago caused the convergence between Southwest Tienshan and Pamirs tectonic systems, and conclusions by other researchers also suggest that the convergence will continue. Studies on the collision between these systems are helpful to the knowledge of the history and the tendency of the in-land tectonics since Cenozoic and are important in science and the real world as for environment changes, resources and energy reform, and forecast of earthquakes. For this reason, by means of digital modeling, on the basis of crustal shortening rate, crustal motion rate and data of physical properties of rocks, with the help of the FE (finite element) theory-based marc software, the United States, we address on the tendency of the convergence in this area in almost 10 Ma and draw a conclusion that the converged borders move northward and stretch southeast. The Southwest Tienshan will move more slowly and suffer less deformation than the Pamirs-West Kunlun (昆仑) system. The Pamirs-West Kunlun system will rotate counterclockwise while moving northward and extending westward.  相似文献   

Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry for quick detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in environmental water samples     

孙承君  蒋凤华  高伟  李小云  于延珍  尹晓斐  王勇  丁海兵 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,35(1):185-191

Detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria has largely been dependent on targeted gene sequencing technology or traditional cell cultivation, which usually takes from days to months to carry out. This clearly does not meet the requirements of analysis for time-sensitive samples and/or complicated environmental samples. Since energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) can be used to simultaneously detect multiple elements in a sample, including sulfur, with minimal sample treatment, this technology was applied to detect sulfur-oxidizing bacteria using their high sulfur content within the cell. This article describes the application of scanning electron microscopy imaging coupled with EDS mapping for quick detection of sulfur oxidizers in contaminated environmental water samples, with minimal sample handling. Scanning electron microscopy imaging revealed the existence of dense granules within the bacterial cells, while EDS identified large amounts of sulfur within them. EDS mapping localized the sulfur to these granules. Subsequent 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the bacteria detected in our samples belonged to the genus Chromatium, which are sulfur oxidizers. Thus, EDS mapping made it possible to identify sulfur oxidizers in environmental samples based on localized sulfur within their cells, within a short time (within 24 h of sampling). This technique has wide ranging applications for detection of sulfur bacteria in environmental water samples.  相似文献   

以中型蒸渗仪监测的库布齐沙漠人工林土壤蒸发量     

贾晓鹏  马启民  龙银平  王海兵 《中国沙漠》2022,42(1):211-222

人工造林对库布齐沙漠的生态有重要影响,量化沙地土壤蒸发对开展人工林建设具有重要意义.利用蒸渗仪对库布齐沙漠银肯沙林场的土壤蒸发进行测定,但受外界因素的影响,蒸渗仪观测的数据会有异常值,通过自适应窗口阈值法对观测数据进行处理.再利用气象观测系统获取相关气象数据,分析土壤蒸发与气象因子的关系.结果 表明:小时尺度上,蒸渗仪...  相似文献   

藏东昌都地区侏罗纪岩石磁组构研究及其构造意义     

刘晨光  孙知明  李海兵  曹勇  叶小舟  吴百灵  曹新文  李成龙  裴军令 《地质学报》2019,93(10):2477-2485

本文对藏东昌都地区侏罗纪汪布组、东大桥组和小索卡组红层共71个采点开展了磁组构(AMS)研究。磁组构测试结果表明,早侏罗世汪布组岩石磁线理较磁面理发育,磁化率各向异性度较高,磁化率椭球最小轴K3散布于层面缩短方向,代表了与构造成因相关的磁组构;中侏罗世东大桥组和晚侏罗世小索卡组岩石则磁面理较磁线理发育,磁化率各向异性度较低,磁化率椭球最小轴K3与层面近垂直,指示了原生沉积磁组构。早侏罗世汪布组地层的磁组构揭示了其构造应力场方向为NE-SW向。中侏罗世东大桥组的磁组构指示了其沉积时的古水流方向为SE向(138.3°),而晚侏罗世小索卡组磁组构指示了其沉积时的古水流方向为NNW向(328.3°)。古水流方向的明显变化揭示了昌都地区从中侏罗世到晚侏罗世沉积物物源发生了相应的转变,表明昌都地区南早北晚的隆升过程。  相似文献   

The effect of nitric oxide on the growth of marine phytoplankton   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

ZHANG Zhengbin  LIN Cai  LIU Chunying  SUN Mingyi  DING HaibingThe Institute of Marine Chemistry  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P.R.ChinaThe University of Georgia  Department of Marine Sciences  Athen GA   《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2):185-188

The incubation experiments of Skeletonema costatum, Dicrateria zhanjiangensis nov. sp., and Platymonas sub-cordiformis, and those of Emiliania huxleyi were carried out in the Marine Physical Chemistry Laboratory in Ocean University of China and in the Marine Organic Geochemistry Laboratory in the University of Georgia respectively. Nitric oxide was added into the media when these marine microalgae were growing. We found the growth of these four microalgae were promoted or inhibited when nitric oxide of different concentrations was added one or two times each day during the cultivation process. The results are consistent with the influence of nitric oxide on the growth of high plants. The results show that nitric oxide may be a new factor of regulation and control for the phytoplankton growth in seawater.  相似文献   

大陆俯冲作用及青藏高原周缘造山带的崛起   总被引：65，自引：6，他引：59  

许志琴  杨经绥  姜枚 《地学前缘》1999,(3):42

青藏高原周缘造山带于新生代时崛起。周缘造山带中古老变质地体的折返与3种挤 出作用方式有关：喜马拉雅"逆冲－伸展"型挤出、祁连山"反向逆冲"型挤出和阿尔金"逆冲－转换"型挤出。据地质与地球物理综合研究推测,造山带的折返与周缘大陆岩石圈向内的俯冲作用有关：印度板块岩石圈向北俯冲至雅鲁藏布江缝合带下约 200 km处,西伯利亚板块往南低角度插入祁连山 40 km以下,塔里木地块沿阿尔金北缘边冲断层呈铲式往南俯冲于阿尔金山下100km处,扬子地块呈入体插入青藏高原东部中地壳下面。是否存在扬子地块往西运动及大陆俯冲作用尚待探究。  相似文献   

台湾- 吕宋双火山弧的可能成因：菲律宾板块北西向加速运动     

杨少华  李海兵  潘家伟  郑勇  柳畅 《地质学报》2022,96(8):2917-2926

台湾- 吕宋双火山弧绵延近500 km，南北向展布于台湾岛和吕宋岛之间，其成因尚无定论。前人将其归因于轻质物质(南海洋中脊或南海北部轻质高原)的俯冲，然而数值模拟研究并不能有效支持该观点。随着欧亚- 菲律宾板块的会聚，南海东部次海盆被动俯冲于菲律宾板块之下。为了验证被动俯冲和主动俯冲对俯冲角度的控制作用，本文构建了二维高精度数值对比模型，在其他因素完全相同的情况下，考察会聚方向的差异对俯冲角度的影响。模拟结果显示，仅仅改变会聚方向，俯冲角度就能够发生巨大变化。在被动俯冲背景下如果条件合适则易于发生低角度俯冲。综合前人研究成果可以发现，南海- 菲律宾俯冲系统的条件满足发生低角度俯冲的要求，表现在两方面：① 南海东部次海盆的年龄从最新的洋中脊向北波动增加，最老为33 Ma，小于低角度俯冲洋盆年龄要求的40 Ma；② 欧亚- 菲律宾板块的会聚速率大于低角度俯冲速率要求的4 cm/a。由此，本文认为菲律宾- 欧亚板块在被动俯冲背景下的低速会聚形成了高角度俯冲从而导致西弧的形成；之后菲律宾板块北西向加速运动导致俯冲角度减小，西弧停止活动而东弧开始形成。本文模型不需要俯冲的轻质物质提供额外的浮力进而促使板片角度减小。西弧和东弧存在分叉现象，我们认为原因可能是洋壳年龄向北增加和(或)菲律宾板块旋转。本文提出了台湾- 吕宋双火山弧另一种可能的演化机制，有助于推进对该双火山弧和该俯冲系统的理解，也能够为认识其他被动俯冲过程提供参考实例。  相似文献