Numerical modeling of hyperpycnal flows in an idealized river mouth     

Yan Wang  Houjie Wang  Naishuang Bi  Zuosheng Yang 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Numerical experiments in an idealized river mouth are conducted using a three-dimensional hydrodynamics model (EFDC model) to examine the impacts of suspended sediment concentration (SSC), settling velocity of sediment and tidal mixing on the formation and maintenance of estuarine hyperpycnal flows. The standard experiment presents an illustrative view of hyperpycnal flows that carry high-concentrated sediment and low-salinity water in the bottom layer (>1.0 m in thickness) along the subaqueous slope. The structure and intra-tidal variation of the simulated hyperpycnal flows are quite similar to those previously observed off the Huanghe (Yellow River) mouth. Results from the three control experiments show that SSC of river effluents is the most important parameter to the formation of hyperpycnal flows. High SSC will increase the bulk density of river effluents and thus offset the density difference between freshwater and seawater. Low SSC of river effluents will produce a surface river plume, as commonly observed in most large estuaries. Both the settling velocity of sediment particles and the tidal mixing play an important role in maintaining the hyperpycnal flows. Increasing settling velocity enhances the deposition of sediment from the hyperpycnal layer and thus accelerates the attenuation of hyperpycnal flows, whereas increasing tidal mixing destroys the stratification of water column and therefore makes the hyperpycnal flows less evident. Our results from numerical experiments are of importance to understand the initiation and maintenance of hyperpycnal flows in estuaries and provide a reference to the rapidly decaying hyperpycnal flows off the Huanghe river mouth due to climatic and anthropogenic forcing over the past several decades.  相似文献   

Seasonal variation of suspended-sediment transport through the southern Bohai Strait   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Naishuang Bi  Zuosheng Yang  Houjie Wang  Dejiang Fan  Xiaoxia Sun  Kun Lei 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011

Based on field observations made in winter 2006 and summer 2007 and on multiscene MODerate resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) imagery, the seasonal variation of suspended-sediment transport in the southern Bohai Strait and its possible mechanisms are examined. The field observations in two different seasons allow an exponential empirical model to be used to retrieve suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) from MODIS imagery. Both the field-survey data and the MODIS-derived SSC show that the sediment transport in the southern Bohai Strait has a significant seasonal variation due to the seasonally varying thermohaline structure of the water column and the hydrodynamics resulting from the seasonally alternating monsoons. The SSC in winter is approximately 3–10 times higher than in summer. Considering the seasonal variation of water flux (WF) and SSC, the annual sediment flux (SSF) through the southern Bohai Strait is estimated to be approximately 40.0 Mt yr⁻¹, about 4–8 times previous estimates, which did not take into account seasonal variation. Although the Huanghe (Yellow River) discharges a large amount of sediment in the summer, the SSF through the southern Bohai Strait in the winter (∼32.0 Mt) is about 4 times greater than it is in the summer. The strong seasonal variability of SSF through the southern Bohai Strait indicates that strong resuspension along the coast of the Huanghe delta in winter and enhanced longshore transport by coastal currents due to winter monsoon activity might be the major mechanisms of cross-strait transport of sediment in winter.  相似文献   

土的周期加载实验的研究     

杨作升  杨少丽  Rolf Sandven 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(4):655-667

作者对室内土的周期加载实验进行了较全面的综述。包括实验设备、方法、结果及分析模型 ,并对以后的研究提出建议。随着海上石油的开发及海岸构筑物的建设 ,迫切需要对海底土动力学特性进行研究。掌握目前世界在这一领域的研究现状有助于在高超点上开展创新工作和解关键问题。  相似文献   

西南印度洋中脊表层沉积物非碳酸盐组分的粒度特征及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾琦  范德江  孙晓霞  刘明  张文强  杨作升 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(2):34-43

The carbonate-free fraction of 20 surface sediments collected from the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge(SWIR) was studied by grain size analysis and mineralogical analysis with X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),stereo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The characteristics of the carbonate-free fraction of the sediments were obtained, and related influential factors were discussed. The results show that the mean grain size of this fraction is in 1.96Φ–8.19Φ, with poorly sorting and unimodal, bimodal or irregular bimodal distribution patterns. Four grain size end members of the fraction are derived with the End Member Model method. The finest end member EM1 shows a significant contribution of terrigenous materials of the aeolian input and sediment carried by the bottom current. End member EM2 with medium size mainly reflects sediment of a siliceous bioclast origin. EM3 and EM4 are interpreted as representing the coarser volcanic materials related to bedrock weathering or volcanic activities. Multi-provenance is the dominant factor controlling the grain size pattern of the carbonate-free fraction of the sediments in that area. In addition, sediment transport processes such as the bottom current and wind are the minor factors that influence the grain size distribution of the carbonate-free fraction sediments.  相似文献   

渤海莱州湾夏季悬浮体的分布和运移(英文)     

杨作升  王兆祥  郑爱芬  张经  瞿建忠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(4)

本文以1985年夏季中法SCO—PSU联合黄河口调查第二航次所取的渤海莱州湾水深大于10米区域的悬浮体资料,研究了莱州湾内悬浮体的分布和运移规律,并讨论了它们与诸如黄河径流、潮流、环流、风和浪等动力因素之间的关系。  相似文献   

黄河三角洲埕北海区泥沙冲淤分析     

孙效功  杨作升  陈彰榕 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(Z1)

利用多期水深数据,对黄河三角洲埕北海区的泥沙冲淤量及冲淤面积进行分时段计算,绘制相应的冲淤等值线图和冲淤立体图。分析该海域泥沙冲淤的规律。  相似文献   

长江口主航道水下底床表面形态与浅地层结构     

陈卫民  刘苍字 《海岸工程》1996,15(3):25-30

除平滑海底外，长江口主航道水下底床上还发育有沙波，沙纹、沙斑及形态规则的小型冲蚀凹坑、冲沟和疏浚沟痕等微地貌形态，基本上沿岸呈带状分布。根据声波反射原理，将航道内３０ｍ厚的地层划分为两层，并据此对长江口的现代沉积环境作了初步分析。  相似文献   

现行黄河口水下三角洲海底形貌及不稳定性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨作升  G.H.Keller  陆念祖  D.B.Prior  林天充  B.D.Bornhold  许卫东  L.D.Wright  J.Suhayda  曹立华  W.J.Wisenman 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(1)

高分辨力的声学仪器调查表明,现行黄河口水下三角洲海底的形貌十分复杂,由于高浓度巨量黄河泥沙快速沉积的结果,使河口底坡出现了大量的不稳定性现象,如塌陷冲沟,高密度沉积物重力流,切割—充填结构海底,V形水下河谷、滑塌等。根据海底扰动程度作了分区,划分了地形单元,并对不同的海底形态的成因作了分析。比较了1985和1986年两个航次考查结果的变动,分析了原因。  相似文献   

黄河口毗邻渤海陆架区悬浮体成分   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨作升  王兆祥  郑爱芬  瞿建忠  李玉瑛  张经 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(1)

扫描电镜配合能谱分析、X射线衍射及光学显微镜分析表明,黄河口毗邻的渤海陆架区悬浮体主要由矿物、浮游生物和有机包膜三类成分组成。在悬浮体中鉴别出23种矿物,主要是石英、长石、云母、方解石和粘土矿物(依次为伊利石、蒙皂石、绿泥石和高岭石),特征矿物是云母、方解石、蒙皂石和角闪石。辨识出21种藻类,大多数是硅藻,少数为钙藻和鞭毛藻。生物成分主要集中在水体上层。首次在渤海悬浮体中发现了有机包膜。并讨论了悬浮体成因及其沉积作用。  相似文献   

现代长江口水下底坡上的微地貌类型及分区     

陈卫民  杨作升  曹立华  郭志刚  刘浩  杜静萍 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(Z1)

旁侧扫描声纳记录真实地揭示出现代长江口水下底坡上发育的微地貌形态。指出微地貌的形态特征及其分布规律与长江泥沙的传输分布、长江口区海域的水动力机制密切相关。  相似文献