南海季风爆发与风向改变指数关系初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱敏  左瑞亭  张铭 《气象科学》2009,29(6):787-792

通过定义一个风向改变指数,探讨了该指数与南海夏季风爆发之间的关系,得到以下主要结论:利用Yamamoto突变检验,定义了南海关键区,南海季风爆发时,850 hPa上的风场在该关键区确有突变发生;南海夏季风爆发时的风场突变是全球风场突变的一部分;分析了南海关键区上该指数的空间分布和时间演变,发现30～300 hPa平均于5月初风场开始反向,其早于低层风场反向约2周,这对预报南海季风爆发具有启示意义.  相似文献   

南水北调中线工程水源区老鹳河流域农业非点源污染关键源区识别   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王光谦  左海凤  魏加华  黄跃飞 《地学前缘》2010,17(6):13-20

识别关键源区可以为非点源污染的优先管理和控制提供决策依据。本次研究以南水北调中线工程水源区老鹳河流域为研究区,比较全面地考虑了氮磷流失的主要影响因素,建立了老鹳河流域农业非点源污染关键源区识别模型,进行流域农业非点源污染风险评价和污染关键源区识别。结果表明,流域内处于高风险区以上的地区占流域总面积的13.4%,主要分布于老鹳河中上游地区,相对集中分布于老鹳河干流及其支流沿河地区,零星分布于西峡境内东部和北部局部,为该流域地表水环境农业非点源污染的关键源区。其中,污染风险最高的区域只占流域总面积的3.75%,可划定为重点关键源区进行重点治理,同时应兼顾污染风险次之的区域。基于GIS的指标体系法能够快速而方便地识别流域非点源污染高风险区域并量化污染风险大小,从宏观上掌握非点源污染的空间分布特征并实施有效管理和治理。  相似文献   

IAPⅢ模式中夏季风建立的流场能量强度指数分析     

张铭  左瑞亭  张东凌 《气象科学》2010,30(5):597-604

本文采用IAPⅢ模式输出的10模式年资料,计算了夏季风建立期间的流场能量强度指数(即变差度、相似度、场比幅、季风强度指数和突变度),主要结论有:利用相似度可客观确定模式中南海夏季风建立的预兆日期。在南海、南亚夏季风建立及江淮入梅前后,均出现全球变差度明显增大,此时大气环流的剧烈调整具有全球性。IAPⅢ模式中南海夏季风爆发要较实际偏晚10 d,强度也较实际弱。虽在模式中海表面温度取气候值,但南海夏季风建立的预兆日期仍各不相同,且季风强度指数有明显的呈两年周期的变化。模式中南海夏季风爆发在绝大多数年份仍属突变过程,这与实际情况大体相当。  相似文献   

The Characteristics of Near-surface Velocity During the Upwelling Season on the Northern Portugal Shelf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZUO Juncheng DU Ling Alvaro Peliz A. Miguel Santos YU Yifa 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(3):213-225

Observations made on the northern Portugal mid-shelf between May 13 and June 15,2002 were used to characterise the near-surface velocity during one upwelling season. It was found that in the surface mixed layer,the 'tidal current' was diurnal,but the tidal elevation was semi-diurnal. Both the residual current and the major axes of all tidal constituents were nearly perpendicular to the isobaths and the tidal current ellipses rotated clockwise;the major axis of the major tidal ellipse was about 3 cm s-1. The extremely strong diurnal current in the surface layer was probably due to diurnal heating,cooling,and wind mixing that induced diurnal oscillations,including the diurnal oscillation of wind stress. This is a case different from the results measured in the other layers in this area. The near-inertial spectral peaks occurred with periods ranging from 1 047 min to 1 170 min,the longest periods being observed in deeper layers,and the shortest in the surface layer. Weak inertial events appeared during strong upwelling events,while strong inertial events appeared during downwelling or weak subinertial events. The near-inertial currents were out of phase between 5 m and 35 m layers for almost the entire measurement period,but such relationship was very weak during periods of irregular weak wind. Strong persistent southerly wind blew from May 12 to 17 and forced a significant water transport onshore and established a strong barotropic poleward jet with a surface speed exceeding 20 cm s-1. The subinertial current was related to wind variation,especially in the middle layers of 15 m and 35 m,the maximum correlation between alongshore current and alongshore wind was about 0.5 at the 5 m layer and 0.8 at the 35 m layer. The alongshore current reacted more rapidly than the cross-shore current. The strongest correlation was found at a time lag of 20 h in the upper layer and of 30 h in the deeper layer. The wind-driven surface velocity obtained from the PWP model had maximum amplitude of about 7 cm s-1,corresponding to a wind stress at 0.1 Pa,and the horizontal velocity shear due to thermal wind balance had the order of 3 cm s-1. So the local wind and thermal wind would only explain a part of the strong surface velocity variations.  相似文献   

新丰江水库6.1级地震前震序列分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

左兆荣  吴建平 《华南地震》1995,15(1):21-29

裂纹由初始的亚临界扩展到发生非线性动力学失稳这一整个物理过程呈加速释放征兆；加速是失稳的一个必要条件。若以方程ｄΩ／ｄｔ＝Ｃ／（ｔｆ－ｔ）ｎ表征这一加速过程，则可将该过程简要地概括为地震释放速率比例于失稳破裂前剩余时间的负幂。根据这一原理，对１９６２年３月１９日广东河源新丰江水库６．１级地震的前震序列进行回顾性分析，并推算出库区于３月下旬发生７级以上大地震。与实测主震相比，发震时间有所推迟，震级也偏高，但却能提前２０多天发出警报，有利于防震减突对策的布署。  相似文献   

Analysis of foreshock sequence of the 1975 Haicheng earthquake ofM S 7.3     

Zhao-Rong Zuo  Jian-Ping Wu  Zhi-Ling Wu 《地震科学（英文版）》1995,8(4):607-614

The “earthquake nucleation” is discussed in this paper. The acceleration is a property of the nucleation phase and is a necessary condition of earthquake instability too. If the acceleration property of this nucleating process is described by the equation dΘ/dt=C/(t _f?t) ⁿ , the process can be summarized briefly that the rate of cumulative seismic release is proportional to the inverse power of the remaining time to failure. Based on this principle, the foreshock sequence of the 1975 Haicheng earthquake withM _S7.3, was analysed backward. It is stated clearly that the time-to-failure and magnitude of the mainshock can be predicted successfully if the coefficientr ² attains to the maximum. In the estimation of mainshock time, the error can generally be less than, or far less than, one-half the remaining time between the time of the last used data point and the mainshock.  相似文献   

河南某矿床岩浆热液成因菱铁矿的标型特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐国风  丰树庄  左大华  宋玉禄 《地质科学》1982,(4):421-423

菱铁矿有产于伟晶岩脉、热液矿床及沉积矿床中等多种产状。目前,我国对许多矿床内菱铁矿的成因有沉积论、热液论和沉积热液改造论等不同观点的争议。本文对河南某斑岩型钼-多金属硫铁矿床中菱铁矿的成因标型特征研究初步成果作一简介。  相似文献   

测绘行业入世面临的挑战与机遇     

左廷英  向南平 《现代测绘》2003,26(3):45-48

中国正式履行WTO协议已经一年,与测绘行业相关的领域也渐次开放,测绘行业限制性开放写进了最新颁布的《外商投资产业指导目录》。测绘行业已经站在开放的起跑线上,如箭在弦。面对测绘行业基于入世的种种疑惑与担心,本文在全面考量测绘行业现状的基础上,针对WTO规则中对我国测绘行业开放要求的相关条款,综合分析了中国入世所带给测绘行业的机遇与挑战,详细梳理了测绘行业现存的不利因素和有利条件,认为测绘行业在开放的大背景下将大有可为。  相似文献   

地震学在减轻矿山地质灾害中的应用进展   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

李世愚  和雪松  张天中  王林瑛  许忠淮  陆其鹄  陈佩燕  沈萍  张少泉  蒋秀琴  潘科  佟晓辉  宋绪友  李铁  金贵杰  左艳  管恩福  孙学会  李国宏  吕毓国 《国际地震动态》2006,(4):1-9

综述了煤矿安全对于地球物理应用的需求,以及近年来地震学在煤矿减轻地质灾害的应用进展,特别是微震监测分析在若干典型煤矿应用得到的初步成果。这些成果不但对于煤矿安全具有重要意义,而且对于认识构造地震成因和验证预测方法,也具有中尺度试验意义。  相似文献   

定福庄地热试验井成井工艺研究     

左明星  王佟  曾铁军 《中国煤田地质》2006,18(6):52-54

JR-121井位于北京市定福庄南里,开采蓟县系雾迷山组1600m以深热储层的岩溶裂隙水。该试验井施工使用GZ-2000型水源钻机,TBW-850/50型泥浆泵,钻探深度2202.98m。成井过程中,根据不同层段,采用不同成井工艺,在目的含水层的上覆非取水层段,采用分级下套管及水泥封闭的方法进行止水,泥浆与回旋方法钻进;在取水段,采用裸眼孔底钻铤加压、泥浆护壁与回旋钻进。洗井工艺上,采用酸化、液态CO2和空压机引喷相结合的联合洗井方法。使用此成井工艺,止水效果良好,达到了开发岩溶裂隙地热水的目的。  相似文献