Occurrence of jarosite within Quaternary coastal sabkha sediments in Kuwait,Arabian Gulf     

Abdullah Al Zamel  Fikry I. Khalaf  Ismail M. Gharib 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(6):138

X-ray diffractometer analysis and SEM investigation confirmed the occurrence of jarosite and alunogen minerals in the Quaternary siliciclastic sabkha sediments of northern Kuwait within the Bahrah oilfield area, Arabian Gulf. Jarosite is relatively abundant in a near-surface whitish sticky tidal muddy sand layer about 60 cm thick that overlies the ferruginous sandstone of the Oligo-Miocene Ghar Formation. Jarosite occurs as clusters of euhedral pseudo-cubes of about 1 μm in size and as agglomerated nanoglobules of 250 nm in size. A hypogenetic origin related to the reaction of sulfuric acid produced by the oxidation of H₂S associated with hydrocarbon gas seepages with K and Fe leachates is suggested. The restricted occurrence of jarosite within near-surface sabkha sediments may be attributed to limited tidal inundation and prevalence of arid climatic conditions.  相似文献   

Tunisian landfill leachate treatment using <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chlorella</Emphasis> sp.: effective factors and microalgae strain performance     

Maroua El Ouaer  Amjad Kallel  Mariam Kasmi  Abdennaceur Hassen  Ismail Trabelsi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(20):457

The potential of the autoclaved Tunisian landfill leachate treatment using microalgae (Chlorella sp.) cultivation was investigated in this study. Landfill leachate was collected from Borj Chakir landfill, Tunisia. A full factorial experimental design 2² was proposed to study the effects of the incubation time and leachate ratio factors on the organic matter removal expressed in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH₄─N) and on the biological response of Chlorella sp. expressed by the cell density and chlorophyll content. All experiments were batch runs at ambient temperature (25 ± 2 °C). The Chlorella sp. biomass and chlorophyll a concentrations of 1.2 and 5.32 mg L^?1, respectively, were obtained with 10% leachate spike ratio. The obtained results showed that up to 90% of the ammoniacal nitrogen in landfill leachate was removed in 10% leachate ratio spiked medium with a residual concentration of 40 mg L^?1. The maximum COD removal rate reached 60% within 13 days of incubation time indicating that microalgae consortium was quite effective for treating landfill leachate organic contaminants. Furthermore, with the 10% leachate ratio spiked medium, the maximum lipid productivity was 4.74 mg L^?1 d^?1. The present study provides valuable information for potential adaptation of microalgae culture and its contribution for the treatment of Tunisian landfill leachate.  相似文献   

An isolation system for limited seismic gaps in near‐fault zones          下载免费PDF全文

Mohammed Ismail 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(7):1115-1137

The ability of a recently proposed seismic isolation system, with inherent self‐stopping mechanism, to mitigate or even eliminate seismic pounding of adjacent structures is investigated under severe near‐fault earthquakes. The isolation system is referred to as roll‐in‐cage (RNC) isolator. It is a rolling‐based isolator that provides in one unit the necessary functions of vertical rigid support, horizontal flexibility with enhanced stability, hysteretic energy dissipation, and resistance to minor vibration loads. In addition, the RNC isolator is distinguished by a self‐stopping (buffer) mechanism to limit the bearing displacement under excitations stronger than a design earthquake or at limited seismic gaps, and a linear gravity‐based self‐recentering mechanism to prevent permanent bearing displacement without causing vertical fluctuation of the isolated structure. A previously developed multifeature SAP2000 model of the RNC isolator is improved in this paper to account for the inherent buffer mechanism's damping. Then, the effectiveness of the isolator's buffer mechanism in limiting peak bearing displacements is studied together with its possibly arising negative influence on the isolation efficiency. After that, the study investigates how to alleviate or even eliminate those possibly arising drawbacks, due to the developed RNC isolator's inner pounding as a result of its buffer activation, to achieve efficient seismic isolation with no direct structure‐to‐structure pounding, considering limited seismic gaps with adjacent structures and near‐fault earthquakes. The results show that the RNC isolator could be an efficient solution for aseismic design in near‐fault zones considering limited seismic gaps. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Estimating ventilation time scales using overturning stream functions     

Bijoy Thompson  Jonas Nycander  Johan Nilsson  Martin Jakobsson  Kristofer Döös 《Ocean Dynamics》2014,64(6):797-807

A simple method for estimating ventilation time scales from overturning stream functions is proposed. The stream function may be computed using either geometric coordinates or a generalized vertical coordinate, such as potential density (salinity in our study). The method is tested with a three-dimensional circulation model describing an idealized semi-enclosed ocean basin ventilated through a narrow strait over a sill, and the result is compared to age estimates obtained from a passive numerical age tracer. The best result is obtained when using the stream function in salinity coordinates. In this case, the reservoir-averaged advection time obtained from the overturning stream function in salinity coordinates agrees rather well with the mean age of the age tracer, and the corresponding maximum ages agree very well.  相似文献   

Decomposition of Methylene Blue on Transition Metals Doped SnO2 Nanoparticles          下载免费PDF全文

Mohamed M. Rashad  Adel A. Ismail  Inge Osama  Ibrahim A. Ibrahim  Abdel‐Hakim T. Kandil 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(5):657-663

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Chemical composition and acute toxicity in the water after in situ burning--a laboratory experiment     

Faksness LG  Hansen BH  Altin D  Brandvik PJ 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(1):49-55

The chemical composition and toxicity of a water soluble fraction (WSF) of oil versus the underlying water after in situ burning (ISB), has been studied in a laboratory experiment. A system for allowing water sampling after ISB was developed. Seawater samples and oil were collected prior to and immediately after ISB, and chemical analysis was conducted. The chemical characterization of the water showed that the disappearance of water soluble oil components during ISB was insignificant. Acute toxicity tests with the marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus and Microtox® bioassay was performed to establish LC₅₀/EC₅₀ values of the water. The results were compared with regular WAF systems with unburned weathered oil, and indicated no increase in toxicity in the underlying water after ISB.  相似文献   

Inclined lidar observations of boundary layer aerosol particles above the Kongsfjord,Svalbard     

Astrid Lampert  Johan Ström  Christoph Ritter  Roland Neuber  Young Jun Yoon  Nam Yi Chae  Masataka Shiobara 《Acta Geophysica》2012,60(5):1287-1307

An inclined lidar with vertical resolution of 0.4 m was used for detailed boundary layer studies and to link observations at Zeppelin Mountain (474 m) and Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. We report on the observation of aerosol layers directly above the Kongsfjord. On 29 April 2007, a layer of enhanced backscatter was observed in the lowest 25 m above the open water surface. The low depolarization ratio indicated spherical particles. In the afternoon, this layer disappeared. The ultrafine particle concentration at Zeppelin and Corbel station (close to the Kongsfjord) was low. On 1 May 2007, a drying process in the boundary layer was observed. In the morning, the atmosphere up to Zeppelin Mountain showed enhanced values of the backscatter coefficient. Around noon, the top of the highly reflecting boundary layer decreased from 350 to 250 m. The top of the boundary layer observed by lidar was confirmed by radiosonde data.  相似文献   

Uncertainty estimation for operational ocean forecast products—a multi-model ensemble for the North Sea and the Baltic Sea     

Inga Golbeck  Xin Li  Frank Janssen  Thorger Brüning  Jacob W. Nielsen  Vibeke Huess  Johan Söderkvist  Bjarne Büchmann  Simo-Matti Siiriä  Olga Vähä-Piikkiö  Bruce Hackett  Nils M. Kristensen  Harald Engedahl  Ed Blockley  Alistair Sellar  Priidik Lagemaa  Jose Ozer  Sebastien Legrand  Patrik Ljungemyr  Lars Axell 《Ocean Dynamics》2015,65(12):1603-1631

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Effect of algae on flocculation of suspended bed sediments in a large shallow lake. Consequences for ecology and sediment transport processes     

Miguel Angel de Lucas Pardo  Dirk Sarpe  Johan Christian Winterwerp 《Ocean Dynamics》2015,65(6):889-903

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The 2011 International Conference on Cohesive Sediment Transport (INTERCOH 2011)     

Qing He  Johan C. Winterwerp  Andrew James Manning 《Ocean Dynamics》2015,65(7):1047-1049

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