基于变分原理的自适应网络技术及其权函数问题研究     

康红文  谷湘潜等 《大气科学进展》2002,19(4):705-718

利用两个具有解析解的算例研究基于变分原理的自适应网络技术。结果表明，对运动激波算例，权函数考虑二阶导数项比考虑梯度项更能有效地减小误差；对气旋锋生算例，仅以梯度作为权函数亦不能提高精度，考虑速度场、锋生函数分布的权函数能更合理地安排网络；对照解析解，发现提出的自适应网络技术能明显提高计算精度，在节省内存等方面显示了突出的优点。  相似文献   

维向切变流中的非线性对称不稳定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shen Xinyong  Ni Yunqi  Ding Yihui 《大气科学进展》2002,19(2):350-364

讨论了维向切变流中的非线性对称不稳定问题。中采用绝热无粘的非线性对称扰动方程组，利用多尺度摄动方法分析其不稳定波动的有限振幅特性。研究结果表明：不稳定波的有限振幅在强度上呈现出振荡趋势。无论是超临界切变情况，还是次临界切变情况，对称扰动振幅都随时间呈现出周期性的变化，振荡周期的大小不仅与基本场稳定度参数及波的特性有关，而且还与初始扰动的振幅及其增长率有关。  相似文献   

A DIAGNOSIS OF THE INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND SURFACE WIND FIELD IN THE TROPICAL OCEANS AND ITS CORRELATIVE CHARACTERS WITH ENSO CYCLE^*          下载免费PDF全文

YIN Yonghong  SHI Li  NI Yunqi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2002,16(1):21-36

Utilizing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly datasets,and based on the filter and standard deviation calculation,the interannual variability of sea surface temperature (SST) and 1000 hPa wind field for the tropical Pacific,Indian and Atlantic Oceans is investigated for the past 20 years (1979-1998).The characters of space-time evolution in SST anomalies (SSTA) for each ocean and corresponding wind anomaly field are acquired by using rotated principal component (RPC) and linear regression analysis methods.Using the method of correlation analysis.the characters of three tropical oceans correlated with ENSO are investigated.The contemporary correlation between the SSTA in the Indian Ocean and in the equatorial eastern Pacific is positive,and there is a weak negative correlation between the SSTA in the equatorial east Atlantic Ocean and in the equatorial eastern Pacific.The lead-lag correlation analysis indicates that the SSTA in the equatorial Indian Ocean lags the dominant Pacific ENSO mode by 3 months,and the SSTA in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean leads ENSO mode by 6 months.The ENSO-correlated components in tropical Indian Ocean and tropical Atlantic Ocean display much the same amount of total variance in each ocean,i.e..14% in the Indian Ocean and 12% in the Atlantic Ocean and the maximums are all above 40%.  相似文献   

DYNAMICAL STUDY OF DIABATIC HEATING INFLUENCE ON RADIAL INHOMOGENEOUS STRUCTURE OF TROPICAL CYCLONE^*          下载免费PDF全文

LEI Xiaotu  CHEN Lianshou 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2002,16(1):86-93

Based on the tropical cyclone (TC) asymmetric disturbance as the superposition of the symmetric environmental circulation,the analytical solution of travelling wave is given by using the barotropical nondivergent model with diabatic heating forcing and non-friction in a plane polar coordinate.Then,the TC radial inhomogeneous structure is analyzed on radial/tangential velocity and geopotential height.It is found that the different kinds of structures are influenced by the Coriolis parameter (f),TC intensity (Ω),disturbance circular frequency (ω),and TC angular wavenumber (m).And,the diabatic heating (Q₁) has significant impacts on the radial/tangential velocity distribution shaped like the inner-tight and outer-relaxed.  相似文献   

AN IMPROVED SEMI-IMPLICIT TIME DIFFERENCE SCHEME OF SPECTRAL MODEL AND NUMERICAL APPLICATIONS^*          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Chaolin  ZHENG Qinglin  SONG Qingli 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2002,16(2):180-194

In fact,the popular semi-implicit time difference scheme of spectral model still includes some important linear terms using time explicit difference scheme,and the major terms are directly related to fast internal-and external-gravity waves in the atmospheric forecasting equation.Additionally,due to using time difference on two terms at different time.the popular schemear tificially introduces unbalance between pressure gradient force and Coriolis force terms while numerically computing their small difference between large quantities.According to the computational stability analysis conducted to the linear term time difference scheme in simple harmonic motion equation,one improved semi-implicit time difference scheme is also designed in our study.By adopting a kind of revised time-explicit-difference scheme to these linear terms that still included in spectral model governing equations,the defect of spectral model which only partlyusing semi-implicit integrating scheme can be overcome effectively.Moreover,besides all spectral coefficients of prognostic equations,especially of Helmholtz divergence equation,can be worked out without any numerical iteration,the time-step (computation stability) can also be enlarged (enhanced) by properly introducing an adjustable coefficient.  相似文献   

THE INTERLINKAGE OF LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW LATITUDES RELATED TO PROPAGATION OF THE PLANETARY WAVE AROUND EAST ASIA IN SUMMER^*     

WANG Yafei  FUJIYAOSHI Yasushi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2002,16(3):261-271

This study has reviewed recent studies about impact of the Rossby wave propagation on the weather of East Asia.Then,we have focused on the northward progression of the subtropical high affected by the propagations and their interaction.The following results are obtained:(1) The two kinds of meridional Rossby wave propagations often affect the East Asian weather in summer,which propagate in two conflicting directions(northwest-southeastward and southwest-northeast-ward).This is considered as the interaction of the large-scale systems between high and low latitudes with wave propagation,especially to the circulation systems around East Asia.(2) The northward progression of the subtropical high is largely restrained,aecompanied by the southward shift of the convective activity in middle latitudes,under the strong and persistent Rossby wave propagation from high to low latitudes.And the opposite role could be found in the Rossby wave propagation from low to high latitudes.  相似文献   

Climate change and multi-dimensional sustainable urbanization     

CHEN Mingxing  XIAN Yue  WANG Pengling  DING Zijin 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(9):1328-1348

Global large-scale urbanization and climate change have become indisputable scientific facts yet are unresolved issues, and are a common concern for mankind. The relationship between these two topics is unclear and it is not known how to deal appropriately at the scientific level with climate change in the process of urbanization. Further exploration of the science, management and practice, are needed to achieve global and regional sustainadevelopment. This paper first considers the basic facts concerning mass urbanization and climate change and summarizes the interactions and possible mechanisms of urbanization and climate change. Urbanization leads to the heat island effect, an uneven distribution of precipitation and extreme weather, together with a local-regional-global multi-scale superposition effect, which aggravates the consequences of global climate change. The impact of climate change on urbanization is mainly manifested in aspects such as changes of energy consumption, mortality, and the spread of infectious diseases, sea level rise, extreme weather damage to infrastructure, and water shortages. This paper also briefly reviews relevant international research programs and action coalitions and puts forward an analysis framework multi-dimensional sustainable urbanization which can adapt to and mitigate climate change, from the perspective of the four key dimensions—population, land use, economy, and society. It is imperative that we strengthen the interdisciplinary activities involving the natural and social sciences, take urbanization and other human activities into consideration of the land-atmosphere system, and explore the human-land-atmosphere coupling process. The adaptation and mitigation from the perspective of human activities, as represented by urbanization, might be the most critical and realistic way to deal with climate change.  相似文献   

“一带一路”陆域地理格局与环境变化风险   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

吴绍洪  刘路路  刘燕华  高江波  戴尔阜  冯爱青 《地理学报》2018,73(7):1214-1225

“一带一路”建设是中国在新时期推动国际合作共赢的倡议,旨在打造绿色、健康、智力、和平丝绸之路,保障“一带一路”沿线各国人民共同发展。系统分析“一带一路”沿线国家环境特征、演化趋势与未来风险格局,是“一带一路”建设的科学基础。应用遥感监测、统计资料,探究“一带一路”陆域气候、地形、土壤、水文、植被环境要素空间分布特征和时空差异;依据经典综合自然区划的方法论,将“一带一路”陆域划分为中东欧寒冷湿润区、蒙俄寒冷干旱区、中亚西亚干旱区、东南亚温暖湿润区、巴基斯坦干旱区、孟印缅温暖湿润区、中国东部季风区、中国西北干旱区和青藏高原区等9个区域。结合模型模拟、情景预估等技术手段,将自然灾害损失评估方法论用于预估未来30年高温热浪、干旱和洪涝等突发性极端事件的灾害风险,以趋势—基线对比方法预估宏观生态系统、粮食生产等渐变事件的风险。结果显示,亚欧大陆西部将是暖干趋势;青藏高原两侧区域高温热浪高风险;中东欧寒冷湿润区东部干旱高风险;孟印缅温暖湿润区和中国东部季风区洪涝高风险;荒漠边缘区域为生态脆弱高风险区;中低纬区域为粮食减产高风险区。  相似文献   

雷达TREC风的三维变分同化应用与试验   总被引：35，自引：18，他引：17  

万齐林  薛纪善  陈子通  刘春霞 《热带气象学报》2005,21(5):449-457

介绍了雷达TREC风场在中国气象科学研究院开发的三维变分同化系统GRAPeS-3DVar中的应用,研究了GRAPES-3DVar系统同化雷达TREC风场资料的一些基本特性,发现雷达TREC风场在GRAPES-3DVar中有较好的应用价值,能有效地提高分析产品的质量,并通过一个热带气旋登陆变性过程的数值试验,说明了在GRAPES-3DVar中加入雷达TREC风场也能改善预报效果。  相似文献   

高分五号大气痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪对流层NO₂柱浓度遥感反演研究     

程良晓  陶金花  余超  张莹  范萌  王雅鹏  陈元琳  朱莉莉  顾坚斌  陈良富 《遥感学报》2021,25(11):2313-2325

搭载于“高分五号”（GF-5）卫星上的痕量气体差分吸收光谱仪（EMI）是一台星下观测的高光谱载荷,测量紫外和可见光光谱范围的地球后向散射辐射,设计用于大气痕量气体的探测。本研究基于EMI在VIS1通道的实测光谱,利用差分光学吸收光谱（DOAS）方法进行了对流层NO₂柱浓度反演,展示了基于EMI载荷的对流层NO₂柱浓度反演结果,与同类载荷产品进行交叉验证,并利用地基观测结果进行了地基验证。研究表明,EMI反演结果与OMI、TROPOMI具有较好的空间分布一致性和较低的相对偏差,与TROPOMI具有较好的时间变化一致性。地面验证结果表明EMI NO₂反演结果具有较高的精度。本研究证明了EMI在全球NO₂监测方面的能力,可以为中国后续污染气体探测载荷的设计和反演算法的开发提供参考。  相似文献