滇黔桂地区卡林型金矿多层次构造滑脱成矿系统构建和找矿实践     

刘建中  王泽鹏  宋威方  王大福  杨成富  李俊海  郑禄林  李松涛  谭亲平  谢卓君  陈发恩  覃永军  杨毓红  谭礼金  徐良易  刘婧珂  汪小勇 《地质论评》2022,68(4):2022082012-2022082012

南盘江—右江成矿区作为中国南方集中产出卡林型金矿的地区,是我国最重要的金资源产地之一。本文通过沉积系统、地层系统、岩石系统、构造系统、年代系统、物质系统、就位系统、动力学系统的研究,拓展了构造蚀变体的内涵,建立其判别指标,明确其既可产出于不整合面之间,亦可在能干性差异大的岩层之间,构建了中国南方卡林型金矿多层次构造滑脱成矿系统,建立了贵州卡林型金矿区域找矿预测综合模型。基于构建的成矿系统和预测模型,开展了区域成矿预测,圈定找矿靶区,进行了理论指导下的找矿实践,实现了贵州卡林型金矿的历史性突破。  相似文献   

Permafrost and taliks and their changes on the south and north banks of the Tuotuo River in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under the climate warming北大核心CSCD     

卫丁  赵廷虎  穆彦虎  刘富荣  丁泽琨  刘自成 《冰川冻土》2022,44(2):427-436

The distribution of permafrost and taliks is very complex in the Tuotuo River Basin(TRB), which is located in interior of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Characterizing the spatial distribution and the thermal stability of permafrost and taliks is of great significance to community activities and engineering construction in TRB. Based on the zonation of permafrost and talik distribution around TRB conducted in the 1980s, the soil temperature and its variation process of permafrost and taliks in the south and north banks of the Tuotuo River were analyzed by using the observation data of five boreholes(N1~N5)along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in the north bank and five boreholes(S1~S5)on the first terrace in the south bank. The results showed that, under the climate warming, permafrost and taliks in the north banks experienced significant degradation and warming process. From 2005 to 2020, the permafrost at the N1 borehole has undergone a significant down-draw degradation process, from extremely unstable and high-temperature permafrost to thawed zone. From 2005 to 2013, the annual average ground temperature of the talik at N2 increased at a rate of 0. 3~0. 4 °C·(10a)-1. At Maqutang on the south bank, permafrost prevails from the first-class terrace to the gentle slope of the Kaixinling Mountain, with both through and non-through taliks on the first-class terrace. The spatial distribution and the thermal stability of permafrost and talik in the TRB are further promoted by analyzing the changes in temperatures at boreholes in the basin. However, to meet the requirements of mapping and engineering construction of permafrost and taliks in the TRB, it is still necessary to carry out geological investigation with multiple methods and in-depth research on development mechanism of taliks in the future. © 2022 Nanjing Forestry University. All rights reserved.  相似文献   

普定岩溶水-碳循环模拟试验场水体双碳同位素特征(δ13C-Δ14C)与碳足迹     

李栋  赵敏  刘再华  陈波 《地学前缘》2022,29(3):155-166

河流输送到海洋的溶解无机碳(DIC)和有机碳(OC)受自然和人为双重因素的影响。了解DIC和OC的年龄、来源和转化,有助于掌握全球碳收支和提高现在以及未来自然和人类对河流碳循环影响的估算精度。本研究以普定岩溶水-碳循环试验场泉(地下水)-池(地表水)耦联系统为研究对象,利用双碳同位素(¹³C- ¹⁴C)方法,结合水生植物生长和传统水文地球化学特征,揭示了地下水-地表水系统中DIC和颗粒有机碳(POC)的来源及其转化机制。研究发现:(1)泉-池系统中DIC和POC的Δ¹⁴C具有相同的变化趋势,泉水中Δ¹⁴C值低于池水中Δ¹⁴C值,反映后者可能有“较年轻”的CO₂的加入;(2)池水水化学和碳同位素变化由土地利用类型和池中水生植物共同控制;(3)池水中颗粒有机碳(POC)浓度明显高于泉水,且其Δ¹⁴C值表现出与沉水植物和DIC的一致性(表观年龄均为3 200900 a),说明池水POC主要源于池中水生植物光合作用利用了碳酸盐风化产生的老碳(DIC),使新形成的有机质在表观年龄上“偏老”;(4)池水水体内源有机碳对水体POC的贡献在75%以上,内源有机碳通量(以C计)在250 t·km^-2·a^-1至660 t·km^-2·a^-1之间,相对于其他土地利用类型,草地对应的地表水系统具有最大的内源有机碳占比和通量,指示了沉水植物控制型浅水水体初级生产对有机碳循环的重要作用。综上,我们认为在岩溶区通过土地利用调整来调控水生植物群落对于增加碳汇具有重要潜力。  相似文献   

川滇黔相邻区古陆相沉积型稀土的发现及意义     

龚大兴  田恩源  肖斌  惠博  赖杨  徐璐  王晓慧  徐莺  秦建华  黄庆  何良伦  覃英  张嘉玮 《矿床地质》2023,42(5):1025-1033

文章报道了一种在川滇黔相邻区新发现的古陆相沉积型稀土矿床。稀土矿体赋存在二叠系峨眉山玄武岩之上,上二叠统宣威组底部,含矿建造为一套以高岭石及伊利石为主的黏土岩建造,分布广泛,连续性好,稀土氧化物TREO平均品位0.39%,最高可达1.60%。岩相古地理条件及地球化学特征显示,稀土元素源自西侧剥蚀区,经搬运-沉积-改造后富集;赋存状态方面,古陆相沉积型稀土除独立矿物态（<1%）,类质同象态（<1%）和离子吸附态（0.02%~24%）外,75%以上的稀土元素以纳米矿物颗粒的形态被“束缚”在黏土矿物层状结构中;稀土元素配分曲线图显示其高价值关键稀土元素镨、钕、铽、镝占比累计达23.34%;通过短流程的选冶一体化工艺技术,全元素稀土浸出率达到90%以上,综合回收率达80%以上。这一新类型稀土资源具有极大的开发利用前景,有望成为中国新的关键稀土元素来源。  相似文献   

贵州安顺龙宫海生爬行动物的发现及意义     

冉维宇  史振华  胡歆睿  秦燕娇  蒋良兵  邓小杰  贺箫  喻美艺  罗永明 《地质论评》2023,69(3):2023030021-2023030021

贵州安顺龙宫戴帽山是新发现的一处海生爬行动物化石产地,通过在该地区开展化石发掘与修理工作,共获取3块保存精美的海生爬行动物化石。上述3块海生爬行动物化石均归属于鳍龙超目(Sauropterygia),基于古生物地层学与沉积学的研究,判断其时代为中三叠世安尼期。化石产地的古地理位置位于扬子台地西南缘,是滇黔桂台地边缘相区内首个产出完整海生爬行动物化石的产地。本文的研究成果对三叠纪海生爬行动物系统演化、重塑当时古环境、中三叠世安尼期辐射强度等方面具有十分重要的意义,并为海生爬行动物的古地理分布提供了新材料。  相似文献   

晚全新世黔西南喀斯特地区兴义泥炭高分辨率腐殖化度记录研究     

杨欢  曾蒙秀  彭海军  蔡诚  李凤全  邓伯龙  朱丽东  胡忠行  倪健 《沉积学报》2021,39(2):395-407

季风气候区泥炭重要组成部分—贵州泥炭的研究较缺乏,其腐殖化度的环境指示意义尚有待挖掘。对黔西南喀斯特地区的兴义泥炭XY1钻孔进行AMS14C测年并构建年代框架,结合不同波长的高分辨率腐殖化度测定,及钻孔沉积速率和碳累积速率,重建黔西南3 000~1 770 cal. a B.P.的泥炭沉积过程,并探讨其可能的受控机制。结果表明:1）XY1钻孔样品的腐殖化度受温度和降水的双重控制,腐殖化度高值指示气候干冷,反之则指示气候湿热;2）3 000~2 700 cal. a B.P.腐殖化度较低且呈上升趋势,碳累积速率较低且呈下降趋势,沉积速率较低并且波动不明显,泥炭沉积较为缓慢;2 700~2 400 cal. a B.P.腐殖化度下降,碳累积速率、沉积速率略有上升,泥炭沉积略有加快;2 400~1 950 cal. a B.P.腐殖化度升高,碳累积速率、沉积速率处于高值,泥炭沉积快;1 950~1 770 cal. a B.P.腐殖化度、碳累积速率、沉积速率快速下降后回升,泥炭沉积发生明显波动;3）功率谱和小波分析显示,腐殖化度变化序列存在83 a、55 a、38 a、31 a、27 a、22 a准周期,与双海尔周期、布鲁克纳周期和太阳活动世纪周期相一致,表明该区气候变化和泥炭沉积受太阳活动的驱动。  相似文献   

热带地区碳酸盐岩上覆红色风化壳的成因机理及元素演化          下载免费PDF全文

张连凯  季宏兵  刘秀明  魏晓  罗刚  王世杰  NGUYEN D&#;i Trung  NGUYEN Quoc Dinh 《中国地质》2021,48(2):651-660

开展热带岩溶地区红色风化壳元素地球化学演化规律研究,有助于丰富碳酸盐岩风化成土理论的认识。在越南北部选取典型的碳酸盐岩风化剖面,分析热带气候条件下碳酸盐岩上覆红色风化壳中主量元素的物质来源和演化特征。结果表明:无论Ti/Zr的元素比值分析,Hf-Zr、Nb-Ta及Sm-Nd的元素对协变分析,还是上地壳元素平均值(UCC)标准化分析,两个剖面的上覆风化壳均显示原地残积的特征,即两个剖面是碳酸盐岩的原位风化产物。碳酸盐岩风化成土过程中,CaO、MgO淋失明显,Al_2O_3和Fe_2O_3发生富集,显示两个剖面均经历较强的风化过程,但是白云岩和灰岩剖面有一定的分异特征。越南北部白云岩风化剖面从基岩到上部土层显示出稳定的Ti-Fe元素共富集特征,而灰岩剖面中Fe的增长速率明显超过Ti。白云岩上覆风化壳经历了强烈的风化作用,其脱硅作用弱于灰岩风化剖面,而富集铝的作用强于灰岩。迁移系数的演化规律说明两个剖面中长石成分(钾长石、钠长石等)或次生矿物(伊利石等)在风化成土过程中逐渐分解,同时Al、Fe、Si等稳定元素的在风化剖面中不断富集。  相似文献   

Chronology and geochemistry of Mesozoic granitoids in the Bengbu area,central China: Constraints on the tectonic evolution of the eastern North China Craton     

De-Bin Yang  Wen-Liang Xu  Qing-Hai Wang  Fu-Ping Pei 《Lithos》2010,114(1-2):200-216

We performed zircon U–Pb dating and analyses of major and trace elements, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes for granitoids in the Bengbu area, central China, with the aim of constraining the magma sources and tectonic evolution of the eastern North China Craton (NCC). The analyzed zircons show typical fine-scale oscillatory zoning, indicating a magmatic origin. Zircon U–Pb dating reveals granitoids of two ages: Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous (²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 160 Ma and 130–110 Ma, respectively). The Late Jurassic rocks (Jingshan intrusion) consist of biotite-syenogranite, whereas the Early Cretaceous rocks (Huaiguang, Xilushan, Nushan, and Caoshan intrusions) are granodiorite, syenogranite, and monzogranite. The Late Jurassic biotite-syenogranites and Early Cretaceous granitoids have the following common geochemical characteristics: SiO₂ = 70.35–74.56 wt.%, K₂O/Na₂O = 0.66–1.27 (mainly < 1.0), and A/CNK = 0.96–1.06, similar to I-type granite. The examined rocks are characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements, large ion lithophile elements, and U; depletion in heavy rare earth elements, Nb, and Ta; and high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7081–0.7110) and low ε_Nd (t) values (? 14.40 to ? 22.77), indicating a crustal origin.The occurrence of Neoproterozoic magmatic zircons (850 Ma) and inherited early Mesozoic (208–228 Ma) metamorphic zircons within the Late Jurassic biotite-syenogranites, together with the occurrence of Neoproterozoic magmatic zircons (657 and 759 Ma) and inherited early Mesozoic (206–231 Ma) metamorphic zircons within the Early Cretaceous Nushan and Xilushan granitoids, suggests that the primary magmas were derived from partial melting of the Yangtze Craton (YC) basement. In contrast, the occurrence of Paleoproterozoic and Paleoarchean inherited zircons within the Huaiguang granitoids indicates that their primary magmas mainly originated from partial melting of the NCC basement. The occurrence of YC basement within the lower continental crust of the eastern NCC indicates that the YC was subducted to the northwest beneath the NCC, along the Tan-Lu fault zone, during the early Mesozoic.  相似文献   

一种新型板桩码头结构的离心模拟     

徐光明  蔡正银  曾友金  顾行文  李士林  刘永绣  吴荔丹 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z1):48-52

卸荷式地连墙板桩结构码头是国内自主创新的深水码头结构,为了深入认识这一板桩码头结构在设计荷载下的工作性状和土与结构共同作用机制,结合某一拟建码头泊位的卸荷式地连墙板桩码头结构设计方案验证需要,进行了3组大型土工离心模型试验研究。其中2组为重复性的模型试验,以验证设计方案的可行性;第3组则模拟了无卸荷平台结构的地连墙板桩码头结构设计方案,以比较有无卸荷平台的板桩码头来揭示全直桩卸荷平台结构的卸荷效果。并且介绍了码头结构离心模拟技术,包括模型设计、模型制作和模型测量及试验步骤等关键内容。  相似文献   

Thermal profiles inferred from fluid inclusion and illite geothermometry from sandstones of the Athabasca basin: Implications for fluid flow and unconformity-related uranium mineralization     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2016

The Proterozoic Athabasca basin and underlying basement host numerous unconformity-related uranium deposits that were formed from extensive fluid circulation near the basement-cover interface. Although it is generally agreed that the mineralizing fluids were basinal brines, it is still unclear what driving forces were responsible for the circulation of the basinal fluids. Because different fluid flow driving forces are associated with different thermal profiles, knowing the basin-scale distribution of paleo-fluid temperatures can help constrain the fluid flow mechanism. This study uses fluid inclusions entrapped in quartz overgrowths and authigenic illite in sandstones from three drill cores (WC-79-1, BL-08-01, and DV10-001) in the central part of the Athabasca basin as thermal indicators of paleo-fluids in the basin. A total of 342 fluid inclusions in quartz overgrowths were studied for microthermometry. The homogenization temperatures (T_h) range from 50° to 235 °C, recording the minimum temperatures in various diagenetic stages. Temperatures estimated from illite geothermometry (121 points) range from 212° to 298 °C, which are systematically higher than (partly overlapping) the T_h values, suggesting that illite was precipitated in hotter fluids following the formation of quartz overgrowths. Neither the fluid inclusion T_h values nor the illite temperatures show systematic increase with depth in individual drill cores. This, together with the high illite temperatures that cannot be explained by burial at a normal geothermal gradient (35 °C/km), is interpreted to indicate that basin-scale fluid convection took place during the diagenetic history of the basin. Prolonged fluid convection is inferred to be responsible for delivering uranium (extracted from the basin or the upper part of the basement) to the unconformity, where uranium mineralization took place due to redox reactions associated with fluid-rock interaction or structurally controlled fluid mixing.  相似文献