A modified three-dimensional ionospheric tomography algorithm with side rays     

Yibin Yao  Changzhi Zhai  Jian Kong  Qingzhi Zhao  Cunjie Zhao 《GPS Solutions》2018,22(4):107

The three-dimensional ionospheric tomography (3DCIT) algorithm based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations have been developed into an effective tool for ionospheric monitoring in recent years. However, because the rays that come into or come out from the side of the inversion region cannot be used, the distribution of the rays in the edge and bottom part of the inversion region is scarce and the electron density cannot be effectively improved in the inversion process. We present a three-dimensional tomography algorithm with side rays (3DCIT-SR) applying the side rays to the inversion. The partial slant total electron content (STEC) of side rays in the inversion region is obtained based on the NeQuick2 model and GNSS-STEC. The simulation experiment results show that the algorithm can effectively improve the distribution of GNSS rays in the inversion region. Meanwhile, the iteration accuracy has also been significantly improved. After the same number of iterations, the iterative results of 3DCIT-SR are closer to the truth than 3DCIT, in particular, the inversion of the edge regions is improved noticeably. The GNSS data of the International GNSS Service (IGS) stations in Europe are used to perform real data experiments, and the inversion results show that the electron density profiles of 3DCIT-SR are closer to the ionosonde measurements. The accuracy improvement of 3DCIT-SR is up to 56.3% while the improvement is more obvious during the magnetic storm compared to the case of a calm ionospheric state .  相似文献   

Estimating satellite phase fractional cycle biases based on Kalman filter     

Guorui Xiao  Lifen Sui  Bernhard Heck  Tian Zeng  Yuan Tian 《GPS Solutions》2018,22(3):82

Phase fractional cycle biases (FCBs) originating from satellites and receivers destroy the integer nature of PPP carrier phase ambiguities. To achieve integer ambiguity resolution of PPP, FCBs of satellites are required. In former work, least squares methods are commonly adopted to isolate FCBs from a network of reference stations. However, it can be extremely time consuming concerning the large number of observations from hundreds of stations and thousands of epochs. In addition, iterations are required to deal with the one-cycle inconsistency among FCB measurements. We propose to estimate the FCB based on a Kalman filter. The large number of observations are handled epoch by epoch, which significantly reduces the dimension of the involved matrix and accelerates the computation. In addition, it is also suitable for real-time applications. As for the one-cycle inconsistency, a pre-elimination method is developed to avoid iterations and posterior adjustments. A globally distributed network consisting of about 200 IGS stations is selected to determine the GPS satellite FCBs. Observations recorded from DoY 52 to 61 in 2016 are processed to verify the proposed approach. The RMS of wide lane (WL) posterior residuals is 0.09 cycles while that of the narrow lane (NL) is about 0.05 cycles, which indicates a good internal accuracy. The estimated WL FCBs also have a good consistency with existing WL FCB products (e.g., CNES-GRG, WHU-SGG). The RMS of differences with respect to GRG and SGG products are 0.03 and 0.05 cycles. For satellite NL FCB estimates, 97.9% of the differences with respect to SGG products are within ±?0.1 cycles. The RMS of the difference is 0.05 cycles. These results prove the efficiency of the proposed approach.  相似文献   

An enhanced approach for surface flow routing over drainage‐constrained triangulated irregular networks          下载免费PDF全文

Fangli Zhang  Qiming Zhou  Qingquan Li  Guofeng Wu  Jun Liu 《Transactions in GIS》2018,22(1):43-57

The accuracy and efficiency of the simulations in distributed hydrological models must depend on the proper estimation of flow directions and paths. Numerous studies have been carried out to delineate the drainage patterns based on gridded digital elevation models (DEMs). The triangulated irregular network (TIN) has been increasingly applied in hydrological applications due to the advantages of high storage efficiency and multi‐scale adaptive performance. Much of the previous literature focuses mainly on filling the depressions on gridded DEMs rather than treating the special cases in TIN structures, which has hampered its applications to hydrological models. This study proposes a triangulation‐based solution for the removal of flat areas and pits to enhance the simulation of flow routing on triangulated facet networks. Based on the drainage‐constrained TIN generated from only a gridded DEM by the compound point extraction (CPE) method, the inconsistent situations including flat triangles, V‐shape flat edges and sink nodes are respectively identified and rectified. The optimization algorithm is an iterative process of TIN reconstruction, in which the flat areas are generalized into their center points and the pits are rectified by embedding break lines. To verify the proposed algorithm and investigate the potential for flow routing, flow paths of steepest descent are derived by the vector‐based tracking algorithm based on the optimized TIN. A case study of TIN optimization and flow path tracking was performed on a real‐world DEM. The outcomes indicate that the proposed approach can effectively solve the problem of inconsistencies without a significant loss in accuracy of the terrain model.  相似文献   

Remote sensing for wetland classification: a comprehensive review     

Sahel Mahdavi  Bahram Salehi  Jean Granger  Meisam Amani  Brian Brisco  Weimin Huang 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(5):623-658

  相似文献   

地理本体驱动的遥感影像面向对象分析方法          下载免费PDF全文

顾海燕  李海涛  闫利  韩颜顺  余凡  杨懿  刘正军 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2018,43(1):31-36

针对遥感影像面向对象分析技术存在的“分类过程中专家分析不同带来的分类结果不一致”问题,提出地理本体驱动的“地理实体描述-模型构建-影像对象分类”解译框架。首先,利用地理本体建立影像对象客观特征与地理专家知识的联系,实现对地理实体的描述与表达;其次,利用知识工程方法以及计算机可操作的形式化本体语言构建影像对象特征、分类器的本体模型,形成语义网络模型;最后,联合语义网络模型与专家规则实现影像对象的语义分类。地表覆盖分类实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够得到反映真实地理对象的遥感影像分类结果,而且能够掌握地理实体的语义信息,实现地表覆盖分类知识的共享与语义网络模型的复用,为遥感影像面向对象分析提供了一种全局性的解译分析框架及其方法。  相似文献   

基于特征点引导的多视影像择优匹配方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

纪松  张永生  范大昭  龚志辉 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2018,43(1):37-45

从冗余数据中选择一个或者多个最为显著的立体像对,在最少“伪信息”的影响下,获取最佳影像匹配效果,降低其它质量较差影像的负面平均效应,是提高多视影像匹配性能的关键。基于准确匹配的特征点,通过匹配测度的鲁棒性分析,提出一种多视影像的匹配质量分析方法;在此基础上,提出了一种基于特征点引导的多视影像择优匹配方法及基本思想、计算基础和择优匹配步骤。利用ADS40多度重叠影像数据进行了择优匹配实验。结果表明,该方法能够有效选取匹配质量较优的影像,获取更加准确的多视匹配结果,在一定程度上,比传统的多视匹配方法更加有效。  相似文献   

基于航迹线追踪的TERPM定位算法          下载免费PDF全文

刘现鹏  张立华  王涛  曹鸿博 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2018,43(2):219-226

针对TERCOM（terrain contour matching）算法定位精度对航向误差敏感和算法普适性差等不足,提出了一种基于航迹线追踪的TERPM（terrain profile matching locating algorithm）定位算法。利用INS（inertial navigation system）提供的速度和航向信息对UV（underwater vehicles）的航迹进行追踪,在遍历基准地形时考虑航向误差对数据选取的影响,组合最优匹配的判别方法,提高定位算法的抗噪性。实验结果表明:TERPM定位算法适用于机动UV的精确定位且定位精度对航向误差不敏感;与已有的TERCOM改进算法相比,新算法具有更高的定位精度和更好的抗噪性能。  相似文献   

利用零相位Kaiser窗滤波器改善MEX多普勒数据定轨精度          下载免费PDF全文

曲春凯  李斐  杨轩  鄢建国  郝卫峰  叶茂  金炜桐  王宏 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2018,43(7):1071-1077

精密轨道确定在深空探测中至关重要,而定轨数据中的白噪声会影响定轨性能。基于零相位分析,比较了FRR（forward-filter reverse-filter reverse-output）、RRF（reverse-filter reverse-filter forward-output）和Matlab中的filtfilt这3种滤波器的优劣,设计了一种零相位Kaiser窗低通滤波器。利用火星快车号（Mars Express,MEX）的仿真数据和实测数据验证了零相位Kaiser窗低通滤波器的性能,结果发现滤除白噪声后MEX数据的定轨精度有了显著改善。双程测速数据残差均方根（root mean square,RMS）减小为原来的1/3左右,达到了0.031 mm/s;轨道位置和速度与欧空局（European Space Agency,ESA）精密轨道的差异明显变小。该滤波算法作为定轨前的数据预处理可以提高定轨精度,从而为中国火星探测器的轨道数据处理提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

顾及制图规则的地图多要素协同移位方法          下载免费PDF全文

郭庆胜  黄鹤声  王琳  刘远刚 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2018,43(5):726-731

在地图自动编制中,有时多类地图要素多个空间目标之间同时发生空间冲突,在移位过程中会影响到邻近区域的地图目标,这就需要对地图要素移位进行协同处理。在自动识别邻近空间冲突区的条件下,提出了一种顾及地图制图规则的解决地图目标群空间冲突的协同处理方法,并用参数表方法形式化表达了地形图上地图要素移位的常用制图规则。首先利用约束性Delaunay三角网识别出可能的空间冲突区域,并建立移位操作区;然后,建立移位传播关联线网,依据制图规则在关联线网上以能量最小化Beam移位模型为基础,对整个空间冲突区的地图目标群进行协同移位;最后,用实验验证了所提方法的有效性和适用性。  相似文献   

复杂地形地区月平均气温(混合)地理加权回归克里格插值   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

聂磊  舒红  刘艳 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2018,43(10):1553-1559

以地形地貌特征复杂、观测站点分布稀疏不均匀的四川省为研究区,引入地形因子（坡度和坡向）和植被指数,采用顾及空间关系非平稳性的（混合）地理加权回归克里格模型（（mixed）geographically weighted regression Kriging,（m）GWRK）进行月尺度平均气温插值方法及精度分析研究。针对不同季节和不同地区,将（m）GWRK插值结果与基于全局回归的回归克里格（regression Kriging,RK）插值结果进行对比。结果表明,RK、GWRK、mGWRK回归关系的决定系数R2分别为0.795、0.922、0.911,均方根误差分别为0.83℃、0.64℃、0.55℃,表明GWRK、mGWRK对目标变量的解释能力以及插值精度都优于RK;GWRK、mGWRK相对于RK对月平均气温插值的改进具有季节与地区差异,冬半年的改进大于夏半年,在地形地貌变化大的地区改进大于地形地貌变化小的地区。  相似文献