应用经验正交函数估算顶部电离层电子密度剖面          下载免费PDF全文

王林  万卫星  乐新安  任志鹏  佘承莉 《地球物理学报》2019,62(5):1582-1590

本文基于IRI模型、地面数字测高仪和GNSS TEC数据,提出了一种利用经验正交函数(Empirical Orthogonal Function,简称EOF)估算顶部电离层电子密度剖面的方法,并将其应用于美国Millstone Hill测高仪和GNSS数据以估算顶部电离层电子密度剖面.通过将估算的临界频率、峰值高度、400km以上电子密度分别与测高仪实测临界频率、测高仪实测峰值高度以及非相干散射雷达实测400km以上电子密度作对比以对方法的有效性进行验证.统计结果显示估算临界频率、峰值高度与测高仪实测数据基本一致,400km以上估算电子密度相较于非相干散射雷达实测的绝对误差平均值仅是测高仪推算400km以上电子密度绝对误差平均值的一半左右.所以本文提出的方法可以更加精确地估算顶部电离层电子密度.  相似文献   

A community-based urban forest inventory using online mapping services and consumer-grade digital images     

Amr H. Abd-Elrahman  Mary E. Thornhill  Michael G. Andreu  Francisco Escobedo 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010

Community involvement in gathering and submitting spatially referenced data via web mapping applications has recently been gaining momentum. Urban forest inventory data analyzed by programs such as the i-Tree ECO inventory method is a good candidate for such an approach. In this research, we tested the feasibility of using spatially referenced data gathered and submitted by non-professional individuals through a web application to augment urban forest inventory data. We examined the use of close range photogrammetry solutions of images taken by consumer-grade cameras to extract quantitative metric information such as crown diameter, tree heights and trunk diameters. Several tests were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the photogrammetric solutions and to examine their use in addition to existing aerial image data to supplement or partially substitute for standard i-Tree ECO field measurements.  相似文献   

QuickBird影像制作数字正射影像图生产工艺的探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

洪亮  方芳  徐素薇  柯小娟 《地理空间信息》2010,8(6):22-24

讨论利用QuickBird影像制作数字正射影像图的具体方法和步骤,阐述在实际作业过程中可能遇到的问题以及解决的方法。最后对利用卫星影像制作数字正射影像图的优势和不足进行分析。  相似文献   

数字地图图像的基本形态学变换和结构元素的分解     

翟京生  王家耀 《测绘学院学报》1993,(4)

本文是作者关于“数学形态学与数字地图图像的分析和识别”研究成果的一部分。文章提出了地图图形的集合概念和地图图像形态分析的基元确定原则,证明了结构元素的基元最小分解定理;同时,介绍了基本的形态学变换,统一并扩展了带约束条件的数学形态学变换模型;从而,奠定了数字地图图像分析和识别的数学基础。  相似文献   

基于地理信息系统的数字环境模型研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

陈晓峰  张增祥  彭旭龙  刘斌  王长有  金燕虎  赵晓丽 《遥感学报》1998,2(4):305-309

本文提出了以遥感与地理信息系统为技术手段,用有序数值阵列的方法建立数字环境模型的新思路,具体阐述了建立数字环境模型的意义、方法和应用范围。并在建立数字环境模型的基础上,对西藏“一江两河”地区的环境综合状况进行了定量评价。  相似文献   

利用RTK进行数字化测图的经验总结   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李英冰  徐绍铨 《全球定位系统》2005,30(5):30-34

利用RTK进行数字化测图具有速度快、精度高、费用省等特点,RTK测量结果经过简单处理即可导入到CASS测图软件中,从而快速地生产出规范的地形图来。根据利用RTK技术在约100多km^2区域1：2000数字化测图的生产实践,对利用RTK进行数字化测图的作业流程和工作经验进行了归纳总结,对所遇到的问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的解决方案。  相似文献   

Modeling uncertainty in the three-dimensional structural deformation and stratigraphic evolution from outcrop data: Implications for submarine channel knickpoint recognition     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Digital outcrop models help to constrain the interactions of stratigraphic and structural heterogeneity on ancient depositional systems. This study uses a stochastic approach that incorporates stratigraphic and structural modeling to interrogate the three-dimensional morphology of deep-water channel strata outcropping on Sierra del Toro in the Magallanes Basin of Chile. This approach considers the relative contributions, and associated uncertainty, of erosional downcutting versus post-depositional structural folding and small-offset faulting on the present-day configuration of the submarine channel complexes. Paleodepositional channel-belt gradients were modeled using a combination of three-dimensional visualization, stochastic surface modeling, palinspastic restoration, and decompaction modeling that are bound with errors constrained by stratigraphic and structural uncertainty. Modeling results indicate that at least 100 m of downcutting occurs over 6 km, and the resultant thalweg gradient of 64–125 m/km (decompacted) suggests that the Cerro Toro axial channel belt is an out-of-grade depositional system. Furthermore, the presence of steeper segments (100–175 m/km decompacted) suggests the preservation of one or more knickpoints that are similar in magnitude to tectonically-induced knickpoints on the modern seafloor. The interpreted knickpoints are correlated with a decreasing channel width-depth ratio and an increase of channel depth. These results indicate that stochastic surface modeling using digital outcrop models can constrain stratigraphic interpretations and post-depositional structural heterogeneity.  相似文献   

Effect of image segmentation & voxel size on micro-CT computed effective transport & elastic properties     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Digital rock technology is rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field with many promises, including fast turnaround times for core analysis, repeatable analysis, and multiphysics simulation. We study the impact of the image segmentation threshold and image voxel size on image-computed permeability, elastic moduli, and electrical conductivity. Improved quantitative understanding of such effects is critically important when comparing laboratory-measured rock properties with those computed on digital images of rocks. We analyze properties of over 500 binary microstructures (each of size 1024³ voxels) segmented using different segmentation algorithms. We find that uncertainty in computed rock properties, induced due to the choice of segmentation threshold, increases with coarsening of image voxels. Segmentation of the same rock, acquired with different voxels sizes, lead to small variations in porosity but induces relatively large variation in flow and electrical rock properties. This uncertainty is larger for rocks of lower porosity. We find that coarsening of image voxels also leads to rounding and smoothing of pore throats and a sharp decline in specific surface area which results in an increase in computed permeability. We propose simple models to remove the bias in rock properties when image-derived porosity is either overestimated or underestimated due to the choice of the segmentation threshold. This approach is particularly useful when comparing laboratory-measured rock properties to those derived from digital rocks since often the image calculated porosity and the laboratory-measured porosity are not the same. Even after such corrections, the impact of finite image voxel size would still need to be compensated.  相似文献   

地震动参数速报仪的研制          下载免费PDF全文

胡星星  高孟潭  滕云田  王喜珍  李彩华  卢红娅  张旸 《地球物理学报》2015,58(3):1024-1034

在出现区域大震后,为了迅速展开有效的应急救援行动,需要及时准确了解烈度分布.目前震动图的获得有震后人工调查、震源参数计算、地震监测台网、地震烈度速报台网等几种方式,其中最有效的是在重点监护区建立烈度速报台网.但烈度速报台网建设往往沿用地震监测台网的模式,建设成本高、台站密度有限、实时数据传输量大.本文研制的地震动参数速报仪采用MEMS加速度计为测震传感器和ARM+Linux嵌入式计算机技术,具有体积小、成本小、功耗低、一体化、智能化的特点;其内置地震信息实时处理算法,能够自动判别地震事件并计算地震动参数;在实际应用中安装简便.通过大量密集布设这种小型仪器而组建的地震动参数速报网络,具有数据传输量小、分布式计算、组成的速报网络可靠性高、能够快速产出高分辨率的精细震动图等特点.  相似文献   

基于SGOG瓦块的数字地球真三维可视化技术与应用     

王金鑫  李耀辉  郑亚圣  邹煚  杨晶 《地球信息科学学报》2015,17(4):438-444

以Google Earth为代表的第一代数字地球平台,利用球面剖分瓦片,构建了2.5维静态的数字地球表面,实现了地表空间数据的集成、建模和应用,但没有涉及地表上下的空间。本文阐述了球体大圆弧QTM八叉树剖分的规则、瓦块体系的几何特征及其编码原理,设计并实现了瓦块编码到空间直角坐标之间的互换算法,并利用C++和OSG等主流语言,构建了真三维数字地球可视化平台的雏形框架;实现了球面和球体的任意剖分、地表上下空间实体的可视化建模及简单三维空间分析。初步展示了球体瓦块的新一代数字平台在天地一体化空间大数据集成、管理、建模与应用中的优势及前景。研究表明,球体大圆弧QTM八叉树网格,具有简单、规整、几何特征明晰、适宜作为全球离散空间的坐标基准,利于空间实体建模与可视化等特点,可作为构建新一代数字地球平台的数据模型基础。  相似文献