基于灰色Verhulst模型的岩溶塌陷定量预报预测方法   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

蒙彦  黄健民  雷明堂  李瑜  戴建玲 《中国岩溶》2009,28(1):17-22

在总结分析现有岩溶塌陷预报预测方法的基础上,从灰色系统理论出发,选取带有时间因子的地下水动力条件因素为已知信息,应用灰色Verhulst模型对桂林柘木村岩溶塌陷的发生时问进行了预报预测验证.验证结果显示,预测时问和实际塌陷时间基本吻合.柘木村3月份岩溶塌陷的预测时问为2000年3月17日,实际塌陷时问为2000年3月20日,预测值比实际值提前3天,准确率为90%;8月份岩溶塌陷的预测时间为2000年8月14日,实际塌陷时问为2000年8月14日,准确率为100%.另外,作者对预报产生误差的可能原因进行了分析,以便能改进模型,进一步提高预测精度.   相似文献   

CLustre: semi‐automated lineament clustering for palaeo‐glacial reconstruction          下载免费PDF全文

Mike J. Smith  Niels S. Anders  Saskia D. Keesstra 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(3):364-377

Datasets containing large numbers (>10 000) of glacial lineaments are increasingly being mapped from remotely sensed data in order to develop a palaeo‐glacial reconstruction or ‘inversion’. The palimpsest landscape presents a complex record of past ice flow and deconstructing this information into a logical history is an involved task. One stage in this process requires the identification of sets of genetically linked lineaments that can form the basis of a reconstruction. This paper presents a semi‐automated algorithm, CLustre, for lineament clustering that uses a locally adaptive, region growing, methodology. After outlining the algorithm, it is tested on synthetic datasets that simulate parallel and orthogonal cross‐cutting lineaments, encompassing 1500 separate classifications. Results show robust classification in most scenarios, although parallel overlap of lineaments can cause false positive classification unless there are differences in lineament length. Case studies for Dubawnt Lake and Victoria Island, Canada, are presented and compared with existing datasets. For Dubawnt Lake 9 out of 14 classifications directly match incorporating 89% of lineaments. For Victoria Island 57 out of 58 classifications directly match incorporating 95% of lineaments. Differences are related to small numbers of unclassified lineaments and parallel cross‐cutting lineaments that are of a similar length. CLustre enables the automated, repeatable, assignment of lineaments to flow sets using defined user criteria. This is important as qualitative visual interpretation may introduce bias, potentially weakening the testability of palaeo‐glacial reconstructions. In addition, once classified, summary statistics of lineament clusters can be calculated and subsequently used during the reconstruction process. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

保温水泥在中低温地热井中的应用及建议     

张丰琰  李立鑫  韩丽丽 《地质与勘探》2022,58(2):410-419

中低温地热资源开采过程中井口水温较储层温度明显降低,资源浪费严重.本文提出在固井过程中引入保温水泥的方法,以期提升井口水温和地热资源利用效率.选用多层圆筒传热模型,模拟计算了保温水泥在不同使用条件下的保温效果.结果表明,保温水泥的使用能明显提高热水达到抽水泵的温度,且井径越大、井底温度越高、井深越大、使用开次越多,保温...  相似文献   

极化方法在分析地磁秒数据异常信息中的应用     

刘奕君  张建国 《地震地磁观测与研究》2014,35(5):113-119

采用极化分析方法处理地磁秒数据.对不同台站地磁秒数据进行分析发现,极化值在地震发生前约2个月内有明显异常,且在傅里叶频谱上表现不太明显.另外,不同地磁分量的极化值映震效果不同,大部分震例极化值升高、振幅增大,小部分震例极化值低值、平稳.研究认为,该方法可以用于地磁秒数据震磁异常信息提取.  相似文献   

基于数字图像分割法的跨孔雷达走时层析成像     

曲昕馨  李桐林  王飞 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,44(4):1340

跨孔雷达走时层析成像主要利用雷达波的走时进行反演,走时提取的正确与否将直接影响到层析成像的效果。数字图像分割法基于凸集投影（POCS）方法,使用能量比彩色图像分割技术准确提取走时。数字图像分割法提取走时首先应用在折射地震波的数据处理中。笔者首次将数字图像分割法提取走时的方法应用到跨孔雷达走时层析成像中,使用迭代线性反演算法重建了雷达波速度场。反演过程中,使用最小二乘QR分解法（LSQR）求解线性方程组,利用弯曲射线追踪技术构建雅可比矩阵,走时的计算值则由多模板快速推进算法（MSFM）得到。为了验证数字图像分割法在走时层析成像中的效果,使用一组合成数据及一组实测数据分别对比了基于数字图像分割法和基于传统能量比法获得的层析成像反演结果。对比结果表明,使用数字图像分割法得到的层析成像结果更为精确,误差更小,能为判断地下雷达波速度场提供更为有力的帮助。  相似文献   

遥感影像中城市道路的提取   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

施海亮  周绍光  赵建泉 《北京测绘》2006,(2):29-32

阐述了城市遥感影像中道路提取的特点,以及当今道路特征提取的一些研究成果。根据城市道路的特点,设计了根据植被指数先提取道路两旁的植被方法,通过面积阈值和形状指数阈值剔除图斑,以及应用数学形态学,对图像进行细化,可以提取道路目标。实验结果证明这一方法的正确性。  相似文献   

基于激光扫描仪数据的建筑物立面特征信息提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄磊  卢秀山  陈传法 《测绘科学》2006,31(6):141-142

基于激光扫描数据进行建筑物三维建模,可以采用扫描数据直接建模,配以影像纹理;也可用扫描数据提取建筑物立面的特征信息,配以单影像建模。而后者速度快,效率高,且能满足三维城市建模的一般精度要求。对于建筑物立面的激光扫描数据来说,具有数据量大,点云复杂等特点,提取建筑物特征信息具有一定难度。本文提出一种“水平点参照系”特征提取方法,这种方法运行速度快,能够减少数据量,有效剔除噪声,并得到实际应用的检验。  相似文献   

Using synoptic classification and trajectory analysis to assess air quality during the winter heating period in Ürümqi,China     

王莉莉  王跃思  孙扬  李圆圆 《大气科学进展》2012,29(2):307-319

Synoptic patterns identified by an automated procedure employing principal- component analysis and a two-stage cluster analysis, and backward trajectory analysis clustered by the HYSPLIT4.9 model were used to examine air quality patterns over¨ Uru¨mqi, China, one of the most heavily polluted cities in the world. Six synoptic patterns representing different atmospheric circulation patterns and air-mass characteristics were classified during the winter heating periods from 2001 to 2008, and seven trajectory clusters representing different paths of air masses arriving at ürümqi were calculated during the winter heating periods from 2005 to 2008. Then air quality was evaluated using these two approaches, and significant variations were found across both synoptic patterns and trajectory clusters. The heaviest air-pollution episodes occurred when ürümqi was either in an extremely cold, strong anticyclone or at the front of a migrating cyclone. Both conditions were characterized by with light winds, cold, wet surface air, and relatively dry upper air. ürümqi was predominately influenced by air masses from the southwest and from local areas. Air pollution index (API) levels were highest for air masses originating from the southwest with a longer path or for the local area, because of transport from semi-desert/desert regions by strong winds and because of local heavy pollution emissions, respectively. The interactions between these two analytical approaches showed that poor diffusion conditions, together with local circulation, enhanced air pollution, besides, regional air-mass transport caused by strong winds contributed to serious air quality under relatively good diffusion conditions.  相似文献   

一种基于数值逼近的KPCA改进算法     

赵英男  王水平  郑玉 《南京气象学院学报》2012,4(4):362-365

核方法广泛应用于模式识别等领域,但其存在着特征抽取效率和样本集的大小成反比的瓶颈问题.因此提出一种基于数值逼近的方法确定虚拟样本矢量,以此代替训练样本,提高KPCA(Kernel Principle Component Analysis)特征抽取效率.在确定虚拟样本矢量时,只需将样本矢量的初值设定为随机变量,算法实现简单、高效.在基准数据集上的实验结果显示该算法优于同类算法.  相似文献   

利用规则进行高分辨率遥感影像地物提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闫利  赵展  聂倩  姚尧 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(6):636-639

针对高分辨率遥感影像中地物的复杂性和多变性带来的地物提取难点,提出了一种基于多层次规则的面向对象的典型地物提取方法。改进了基于区域增长的影像分割方法,利用小区域内的全局最优策略进行初始增长,避开了种子点的选择。利用影像分割得到的影像对象作为地物提取的基元,针对影像上典型地物选择提取特征,利用多层次的提取规则进行地物提取,总的提取精度达到87.1%。  相似文献