蛭石的有机改性研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李雪梅  廖立兵  曾青云  安建成  陶炎鑫 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2007,26(4):410-418

本文综述了国内近十年关于粘土矿物和蛭石表面性质及表面改性的资料,分析了粘土矿物和蛭石表面改性的原理、方法和影响因素,研究了烷基季铵盐阳离子在粘土矿物和蛭石层间的排布模式,总结了有机粘土和有机蛭石吸附有机物的吸附理论和机理,为有机粘土和有机蛭石在废水处理和聚合物填充增强改性中的应用提供理论依据。  相似文献   

末次间冰期-末次冰期柴达木盆地东部气候演化形式   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

景民昌  杨革联  孙乃达 《地球科学与环境学报》2004,26(3):83-87

柴达木盆地第四系富含介形类化石，介形类生物组合可以反映古气候变化。以盆地东部达参1井中的两种主要介形类(Ilyocypris inermis和Cyprideis torasa)的丰度特征为气候指标，对末次间冰期和末次冰期的盆地气候演变形式进行了恢复。认为柴达木盆地东部末次间冰期和末次冰期的气候演化既有着和全球同步的特点，也有着本区域独自的特征。介形类丰度曲线表明：末次间冰期(MIS5)，以Cyprideis torasa为主，整体上为暖型气候，依据介形类特征，又可分为5e，5c．5a三个暖期和5d．5b两个冷期，暖期到冷期都以介形类丰度的大幅突降为特征；末次冰期(MIS4-2)以Ilyocypris inermis为主，整体为冷型气候。其中，早冰阶(MIS4)两种介形类丰度都较低．而间冰阶(MIS3)介形类丰度明显增高，并可划分为3c．3a两个暖期和3b一个冷期。在间冰阶结束之后，介形类大量消失，llyocypris inermis完全灭绝，石盐大范围析出．盆地进入了末次冰期盛冰阶(MIS2)。  相似文献   

第四纪风沙环境证据的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鲁瑞洁  哈斯  岳兴玲  陈原 《地理科学进展》2004,23(3):82-90

第四纪风沙环境的研究对于人们了解重大气候环境变迁有着重要的意义。对于第四纪风沙环境的研究主要通过对环境变化的信息载体进行分析,提取其中有关风沙环境变化的证据,从而对古环境进行推测与重建。本文阐述了当前国内外学者在进行第四纪风沙环境研究时使用的证据（形态学证据、沉积学证据和生物学证据）,分析了利用这些证据时存在的问题,并对未来的研究趋势作了分析,指出各种证据的综合使用以及提高定年的准确度仍是未来的研究重点。  相似文献   

云南点苍山-罗坪山地区地貌发育与第四纪冰川作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

万晔  韩添丁  朱静  丁丽勋 《热带地理》2003,23(4):304-308

通过野外考察及地质地貌剖面解析,对云南点苍山的地貌发育作了分析研究,并对罗坪山丽江期古冰川作用作了初步探讨.结果认为:点苍山的地貌是一种多元化、多层次、聚变式的多层地貌组合.其地貌发育系统自山顶到坡脚分为古夷平面解体过程,古冰川与冰缘作用,流水作用,古冰川漂砾、洪积、冲积、泥石流、水石流等混杂堆积,山麓阶地与滨湖平原发育过程;点苍山发育了二次冰期,即未次冰期(大理冰期)和倒数第二次冰期(丽江冰期),是中国大陆发育古冰川的最南界;比苍山主峰海拔低800m的罗坪山发育了倒数第二次冰期,出现了复合型山岳冰川.  相似文献   

PUNCTUATED DRAINAGE OF AN ICE-DAMMED QUATERNARY LAKE IN SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA     

C.M. BELL 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2008,90(1):1-17

A chain of east‐west elongated lakes fringes the eastern flank of the Andes Mountains between 39 and 52°S in southern Chile and Argentina. These deep lakes fill valleys left by the retreat of outlet glaciers of the Patagonian Icefield about 16000 years ago. Two of the lakes, Lago General Carrera/Buenos Aires and Lago Cochrane, represent the shrunken remnants of a much larger lake (called here the predecessor lake) that developed in a moat alongside the icefield. A series of seven stepped lacustrine braid deltas on the southeastern shore of Lago General Carrera/Buenos Aires mark the progressive, punctuated drainage of the predecessor lake. The deltas were formed by the build‐out of fans of sand and gravel into the lake. They have the form of Gilbert deltas, with virtually flat subaerial topset beds and steeply inclined subaqueous foreset beds. The exposed delta fronts are marked by a series of small terraces produced by wave erosion during falling lake levels. On either side of the fans are embayments with beaches formed by deposition in the lee of the pro‐grading fans. These embayments are filled with ridges of well‐sorted gravel deposited by wave‐driven long‐shore drift. About 13 000 years ago the regional drainage underwent a remarkable change. Rivers flowing eastwards into the Atlantic reversed their direction to flow westwards through the Andes Mountains and into the Pacific Ocean. The watershed moved some 200 km to the east. The cause of this change, and the falling lake levels, was melting of the Patagonian Icefield. As the ice retreated the icefield split into north and south components. This broke the ice dam that impounded the western end of the predecessor lake. The stepped, progressive fall of the lake level suggests that as the ice melted a series of lower overflow sills of hard rock were exposed. Each of the major episodes of sudden drop in lake level was followed by a long period of up to thousands of years when lake level remained constant. Terraces on the delta fronts indicate that each major episode of fall in the lake level was punctuated by up to ten minor episodes possibly representing major storm events or annual cycles of freezing and melting, blocking the overflow sills.  相似文献   

洛川黄土-古土壤剖面环境剂量率测量的对比     

王同利 《地震地磁观测与研究》2007,28(3):22-26

如何准确测量环境剂量率是释光和电子自旋共振测年技术的关键之一.本文选择了几种环境剂量率的主要室内测量方法,对洛川黄土-古土壤这个典型的均匀剖面进行测量对比研究,同时检验Daybreak公司生产的厚源ZnS Alpha计数仪的测量精度.  相似文献   

宜昌附近第四纪断层研究的新进展     

甘家思  刘锁旺 《大地测量与地球动力学》1995,(4)

通过野外地震地质调查，发现：（１）北东向新场—古老背断裂带的地表形迹和更新世多期活动的地层、构造岩证据；（２）近南北向虎牙第四纪断层及其粘滑快速断错的剩余形变特征；（３）北西向天阳坪断裂带南支早第四纪粘滑快速断错的剩余形变特征及其上覆晚更新世末期堆积（１４Ｃ１６４００±４３９年）未受断错所揭示的时间上限约束。  相似文献   

天津市西青区辛口镇郑庄子C6(C7)钻孔3.5 Ma以来的地层年代及沉积环境演化          下载免费PDF全文

张树栋  吴荣泽  樊航宇  周长红 《地质找矿论丛》2021,36(2):177-186

对位于天津市西青区的C6(C7)钻孔进行了磁性地层学、14C测年、沉积旋回、孢粉地层学和有孔虫、介形类研究,研究结果表明:①第三系与第四系界限(N/Q)埋深323.90 m,早更新世与中更新世界限(Qp1/Qp2)埋深98.0 m,中更新世与晚更新世界限(Qp2/Qp3)埋深61.59 m,更新世与全新世界限(Qp/Q...  相似文献   

新型壳聚糖季铵盐衍生物的合成与表征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡章  李思东  李先文  欧春艳  侯婷婷 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(1)

采用甲磺酸作为溶剂兼作氨基保护试剂,对壳聚糖上的羟基选择性酯化,再游离出氨基并对其氯乙酰化,最后进行吡啶成盐,得到新型水溶性的壳聚糖季铵盐衍生物,产物的结构通过核磁共振氢谱和红外光谱进行了表征,从而为壳聚糖季铵盐衍生物的制备提供了一种新途径。  相似文献   

Late Quaternary lake level record of Orog Nuur,southern Mongolia,revealed by optical dating of paleo-shorelines     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2022

The Late Quaternary hydroclimatic evolution of lake systems in Mongolia remains unclear. Here we present a record of lake level variations at Orog Nuur in the Valley of Gobi Lakes in southern Mongolia, since the last interglaciation, based on paleo-shoreline dating using quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and K-feldspar post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) signals. Due to feldspar contamination that could not be eliminated, the OSL signals of quartz single-aliquots (SA), except for two Holocene samples, were unsuitable for dating and a double SA regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol was used for the quartz fraction of these two samples. The pIR₅₀IR₁₇₀ and pIR₂₀₀IR₂₉₀ signals of K-feldspar SA were used to date Holocene samples and old samples (>100 ka), respectively, with the SAR protocol. To determine the bleaching condition of the pIR₂₀₀IR₂₉₀ signals, the first pIRIR dating of K-feldspar single-grains of lake shoreline sediments in Mongolia was performed. The equivalent doses of K-feldspar grains show normal distributions, suggesting that the pIR₂₀₀IR₂₉₀ signals are well-bleached. Overall, the results, combined with those of previous studies, show that a mega-lake developed at 56 m above the modern lake level (a.m.l.) during MIS 5e (124.2 ± 6.8–114.7 ± 8.0 ka). Holocene high-stands occurred in the last deglaciation–early Holocene (11.1 ± 1.0 ka) at 23 m a.m.l. and in the mid-Holocene (6.7 ± 0.8–3.3 ± 0.4 ka) at 20–14 m a.m.l. The dimensions of the paleo-lakes were recovered, and a hydrological index indicates that the effective moisture during MIS 5e and the mid-Holocene was 10.7 times and 3.6–5.0 times larger than today, respectively. Finally, the possible mechanisms behind the lake level history are discussed based on correlation with independent paleoclimatic records.  相似文献