基于判别空间条件熵加权的土地覆盖分类方法研究     

游炯  张景雄 《地理与地理信息科学》2012,28(1):59-64,2

针对遥感专题类别信息的机理问题,从土地覆盖参考数据的偏差程度对分类精度的影响角度,提出了一种基于判别空间条件熵加权的土地覆盖分类方法。引入判别空间模型概念,基于此模型生成土地覆盖数据类别,并分析了土地覆盖信息类别与数据类别的语义偏差出现的深层次原因;计算信息类别与数据类别的对应关系矩阵,据此得到二者的条件熵,实现对土地覆盖信息类别与数据类别的语义偏差的量化;根据信息类别与数据类别的条件熵计算修正判别变量的权重因子,实现基于判别空间条件熵加权的土地覆盖分类。采用一景SPOT-5影像进行分类实验,并利用同一地区的Landsat 5TM影像进行方法验证。实验表明,条件熵加权修正方法使土地覆盖分类精度有了显著提高,并对不同分辨率的遥感影像具有适用性。  相似文献   

Progress in spectral studies of the FBS blue stellar objects     

P. K. Sinamyan  A. M. Mickaelian 《Astrophysics》2009,52(1):76-87

Spectral observations of 10 FBS blue stellar objects (BSO) with the OHP 1.93-m and BAO 2.6.m telescopes are reported, and overall progress in all the spectral observations and classifications of FBS BSO over 1987–2000 and in the classification of these objects based on all the accessible sources-- in all, 753 out of 1103 objects-- is discussed. Representative slit spectra for the major types of objects are presented and compared with digitized low dispersion spectra from the DFBS. The nature of the FBS objects is examined in terms of advances in the spectral studies. Two-color diagrams are constructed from the SDSS data and are used to find the regions occupied by the various types for further identification of objects of unknown type. Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 85–97 (February 2009).  相似文献   

福州天气形势分型与大气污染物相关分析     

王宏  林长城  隋平  陈彬彬 《辽宁气象》2008,(6):7-11

利用2002-2006年地面天气图和500hPa高空图,将影响福州的天气形势分为10型,结合大气污染物浓度资料,统计2002-2006年福州全年、冬半年和夏半年不同天气形势型的出现率及相应的污染物浓度值,分析不同天气形势下大气扩散能力的强弱以及对污染物浓度的影响。结果表明：锋前暖区和地面倒槽是最不利于扩散的天气型,台风（热带辐合带）和低涡锋面是最有利于扩散的天气型;冬半年高压后部、锋前暖区和地面倒槽对污染物浓度增大的影响最大,低涡锋面、高压脊和高压底部对污染物浓度减小的影响最大;夏半年台风（热带辐合带）及外围、低涡锋面、副热带高压对污染物浓度减小的影响最大,其他天气型影响下污染物浓度变化幅度均为正值。  相似文献   

Synoptic Typing and Its Application for Evaluating Climatic Impact on Air Quality in Urumqi          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Li-Li  WANG Yue-Si  LI Yuan-Yuan 《大气和海洋科学快报》2010,3(6):312-318

An automated procedure employing principal-component analysis and a two-stage cluster analysis was developed to classify the synoptic meteorological conditions prevailing over Urumqi, one of the most heavily polluted cities in the world. Six clusters representing different circulation patterns and air-mass characteristics were classified using surface- and upper-meteorological variables during the heating period from 2001 to 2008, and the relationships between synoptic clusters and air quality were evaluated. The heaviest air-pollution episodes occurred when Urumqi was in either an extremely cold, strong anticyclone or at the front of a migrating cyclone, both with light winds, wet surface air, and relatively dry upper air. Moderate pollution was seen when Urumqi was in the pre-cold/cold frontal passages with lower temperatures and light winds or moderate anticyclone with relatively warmer, drier air. When Urumqi was at the front of a migrating anticyclone or in a weak anticyclone with moderate winds and most warm, dry air, or in the cold/post-cold frontal passages with relatively strongly northerly airflows and precipitation, relatively good air quality could be seen. These results suggest that air pollution in Urumqi is very closely related to the synoptic meteorological conditions, which provides an important basis for not only the prediction and control of urban air-quality problems here but also for the analysis of the differential impacts of weather and pollution on human morbidity.  相似文献   

上海局地强对流天气及临近预报要点   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

漆梁波  陈雷 《气象》2009,35(9):11-17

借助上海多普勒雷达存储的强天气个例资料,结合上海地区的综合观测网,对上海地区局地强对流天气的天气形势特征及雷达回波发展特点进行了分类.比较发现,回波源地在上海北部地区的占多数,与地面弱切变线的关系非常密切;从初始回波到回波旺盛约经历1个小时;回波的上风向位置容易得到发展;200hPa的风向对回波的发展趋势也有明显的影响.一般而言,西北风不利于回波的快速移动,而在西南风的情况下,回波移动往往会比较快;低层风的大小对回波移动和雷雨大风的形成至关重要.  相似文献   

国外前寒武纪铁建造的研究进展与有待深入探讨的问题   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

王长乐  张连昌  刘利  代堰锫 《矿床地质》2012,31(6):1311-1325

形成于早前寒武纪的铁建造,是一种富铁〔w(TFe)>15%〕的硅质化学沉积岩,其主要矿物组成是铁氧化物(磁铁矿和赤铁矿)及石英。根据铁建造的岩相学特征,将其划分为条带状铁建造和粒状铁建造;根据铁建造的沉积环境,将条带状铁建造划分为与火山岩有关的Algoma型和与细碎屑-碳酸盐岩有关的Superior型2种类型。铁建造的出现,起始于38亿年前,主要集中于28～18亿年,在18亿年之后有一个连续的缺失,但在8亿年左右因雪球事件而重新少量出现。Algoma型铁建造主要发育于中-新太古代,而Superior型则集中出现于古元古代;前者多形成于前寒武纪克拉通化之前,与海相火山活动和陆壳巨量增生密切相关,而后者多形成于克拉通化之后,与稳定发育的克拉通盆地和大气氧含量增加有关。Algoma型铁矿具有单个矿体规模较小、品位较低和多层发育等特征,而Superior型铁矿则具有单个矿体规模较大、品位较高、层位稳定等特征。由于铁建造在地质历史上大规模发育且不重复出现,所以,开展铁建造的研究不仅具有经济价值,而且具有重要的科学意义。铁建造的研究趋势是,在世界范围内进一步深化地球早期构造(地幔柱与早期板块构造)演化、水圈及大气圈组成与演化、地球早期生物活动,以及铁建造成因和时空分布规律等方面的研究。  相似文献   

公路地基岩体质量分级研究     

康荣  唐万金 《中国勘察设计》2010,(3):62-64

进行地基稳定性评价,关键在于查明地基结构形态和计算参数的确定。现有的勘查方法确定了地基的形态;本文从岩体质量分级入手,并提供了丰富的表格,为方便快速地确定各项参数提供了一种思路。  相似文献   

山东莱芜接触交代—热液铁矿矿体形态研究     

宗信德  贾东亮  刘超  尹承亮  刘纪涛  王建 《山东地质》2010,(11):13-18

在对莱芜接触交代铁矿地质特征研究中发现以往地质报告在矿体连接上存在混乱,使矿体形态失真。为便于今后矿体对比和成矿规律的认识,提出了矿体形态分类原则,并以三分法对矿体形态进行分类。指出矿体产状变化是矿体膨胀收缩、分支复合和尖灭再现的结果。根据矿体形态分类指出了找矿方向。不同的矿体形态反映不同的控矿构造,反映不同的矿体规模,反映不同的成矿岩体形态产状。单斜缓倾矿体的成矿岩体是岩床,控矿较小;陡倾矿体和背向斜矿体的成矿岩体是岩盖,控矿较大。  相似文献   

利用面向对象分类技术进行地理要素快速更新的方法研究     

张立国  吴晓  江娜  焦英华 《山东地质》2010,(9):53-56,59

该文以遥感影像为更新期数据,利用面向对象分类方法,在对象层次进行推理和分析;将更新完成要素作为先验知识,分层更新地理要素;对更新过程中基期地形图专题要素不变信息的利用,主要地理要素提取和更新方法进行了研究。结果表明,该方法兼顾地理要素快速更新的自动化与实用化,具有广阔的应用空间。  相似文献   

A Linking Test that investigates the feasibility of inverse modelling: application to a simple rainfall interception model for Mt Gambier,southeast South Australia     

J. A. P. Pollacco  R. Angulo‐Jaramilo 《水文研究》2009,23(14):2023-2032

Interception loss has an important influence on the water yield of forested areas. Nevertheless, in most studies stemflow is not measured, therefore the question of how to determine the feasibility of optimizing interception and stemflow parameters simultaneously by matching daily simulated throughfall to fortnightly measurements of cumulative throughfall is an important one. By applying a daily empirical interception model, a goodness fit of 2·2 mm/day is obtained between observed and simulated cumulative throughfall. However, by applying the simple but robust Linking Test, it was shown that the parameters are non‐unique and falsely linked, i.e. inter‐relationships between different vegetation parameter sets give similar throughfall but non‐unique net precipitation. The Linking Test investigates the causes of obtaining falsely linked parameters and shows that objective equifinality is not the source of the problem. Objective equifinality occurs when an inappropriate objective function is used. The Linking Test also shows that falsely linked parameters are not caused by measuring throughfall on a non‐daily basis (termed frequency sampling equifinality). By expanding the interception model to the second degree, it was found that the non‐uniqueness is due to the inherent nature of interception and stemflow functions that behave similarly and therefore can easily compensate each other (termed similarity equifinality). It is also shown that a simple daily empirical exponential interception model developed for conifers in the uplands of the United Kingdom is suitable to model interception in Pinus radiata plantations in the Mediterranean climate of southern Australia by using only daily gross precipitation data and two parameters. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献