Studying the making of geographical knowledge: The implications of insider interviews     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(3):145-153

The article addresses the issue of being a ‘double’ insider when conducting interviews. Double insider means being an insider both in relation to one's research matter – in the authors’ case the making of geographical knowledge – and in relation to one's interviewees – our colleagues. The article is a reflection paper in the sense that we reflect upon experiences drawn from a previous research project carried out in Danish academia. It is important that the project was situated in a Scandinavian workplace culture because this has bearings for the social, cultural, and economic situation in which knowledge was constructed. The authors show that being a double insider affects both the interview situation and how interviews are planned, located, and analysed. Being an insider in relation to one's interviewees gives the advantage of having a shared history and a close knowledge of the context, and these benefits outnumber the disadvantages. Being an insider in relation to one's research matter makes it difficult to contest hegemonic discourses and tacit values and ideas. Recommendations on how to handle the double insider situation are given. The article concludes that for analytical purposes, it is useful to separate the two roles, but in reality they coexist and are intertwined.  相似文献   

SOLAR/SOLSPEC: Scientific Objectives, Instrument Performance and Its Absolute Calibration Using a Blackbody as Primary Standard Source     

G. Thuillier  T. Foujols  D. Bolsée  D. Gillotay  M. Hersé  W. Peetermans  W. Decuyper  H. Mandel  P. Sperfeld  S. Pape  D. R. Taubert  J. Hartmann 《Solar physics》2009,257(1):185-213

SOLAR is a set of three solar instruments measuring the total and spectral absolute irradiance from 16 nm to 3080 nm for solar, atmospheric and climatology physics. It is an external payload for the COLUMBUS laboratory launched on 7 February 2008. The mission’s primary objective is the measurement of the solar irradiance with the highest possible accuracy, and its variability using the following instruments: SOL-ACES (SOLar Auto-Calibrating EUV/UV Spectrophotometers) consists of four grazing incidence planar gratings measuring from 16 nm to 220 nm; SOLSPEC (SOLar SPECtrum) consists of three double gratings spectrometers, covering the range 165 nm to 3080 nm; and SOVIM (SOlar Variability Irradiance Monitor) is combining two types of absolute radiometers and three-channel filter – radiometers. SOLSPEC and SOL-ACES have been calibrated by primary standard radiation sources of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). Below we describe SOLSPEC, and its performance.  相似文献   

Gnomon shadow lengths recorded in the Zhoubi Suanjing： the earliest meridian observations in China？     

Yong Li  ;Xiao-Chun Sun 《天体物理学报》2009,(12):1377-1386

The Zhoubi Suanjing, one of the most important ancient Chinese books on mathematical astronomy, was compiled about 100 BC in the Western Han dynasty （BC 206 - AD 23）. We study the gnomon shadow lengths for the 24 solar terms as recorded in the book. Special attention is paid to the so-called law of ‘cun qian li’, which says the shadow length of a gnomon of 8 chi （about 1.96 m） high will increase （or decrease） 1 cun （1/10chi） for every 10001i （roughly 400kin） the gnomon moves northward （or south- ward）. From these data, one can derive the time and location of the observations. The resuits, however, do not fit historical facts. We suggest that compilers of the Zhoubi Suanjing must have modified the original data according to the law of ‘cun qian li’. Through reversing the situation, we recovered the original data, our analysis of which reveals the best possible observation time as 564 BC and the location of observation as 35.78° N latitude. We conclude that this must be the earliest records of solar meridian observations in China. In the meantime, we give the errors of solar altitudes for the 24 solar terms. The average deviation is 5.22°, and the mean absolute deviation is 5.52°, signifying the accuracy of astronomical calculations from that time.  相似文献   

Changing relations in global environmental change     

Nora Rthzel  David Uzzell 《Global Environmental Change》2009,19(3):326-335

We discuss a cross-national pilot study in Sweden and the UK examining young people's environmental concerns and their perceptions of the causes and solutions. The study demonstrates that evaluations of the causes of environmental degradation are partly contingent upon the manner in which questions are framed leading to quite different interpretations of the findings. Moreover, attitudes also differ significantly between the British and the Swedish sample: in the UK environmental degradation is seen as more serious but also more distant from the respondents’ everyday experiences when answering pre-formulated questions. The causes of environmental degradation are located in both countries in government and industry policies promoting economic growth on the one hand. On the other, respondents identify distant developments in emerging economies as problems, without connecting their local experiences to the global effects they describe. In the open-ended part of the survey, individual behaviour is seen as the most important cause of environmental degradation. But while British respondents describe individuals as selfish, lazy and consumerist, Swedish respondents emphasise also structural causes like Western lifestyles and the market society. We present possible explanations for these differences and discuss the relationships between the global and the local in relation to constructions of the Other as well as the relationship of individualism and authoritarianism that emerge from the results.  相似文献   

IGRF在地磁研究中的应用   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

王宣文 《地球物理学进展》2005,20(2):558-561

IGRF（国际地磁参考场）资料在地磁学的基础研究中得到广泛的应用.利用IGRF国内外学者研究了高斯分析、地球磁场模型及其源场可能位置、重磁关系、核幔耦合、地磁场能量、地球非偶极子磁场以及长期变化场的西向漂移等,研究了IGRF在我国地区的误差以及产生的原因.在研制中国地磁等值图中也得到某些应用.  相似文献   

世界地质遗迹保护和地质公园建设的现状和展望   总被引：35，自引：1，他引：34  

赵汀  赵逊 《地质论评》2005,51(3):301-308

在2004年6月在中国北京召开了第一届世界地质公园大会和2004年8月在意大利佛罗伦萨举行第32届国际地质大会,来自五大洲数十个国家的地质学家和地质公园管理者发言,展示了各国地质遗产保护现状,地质公园建设中地质遗产的科学研究,公众教育;保护方法技术;与文化遗产的关系;与城市和区域发展规划的关系;与旅游产业发展的关系,地质公园与国家公园的关系;欧、美及非洲、大洋洲和亚洲各国地质公园发展前景等。他山之石,可以攻玉。对照各国的近况,我国在地质遗产的研究和保护方面要保持世界领先地位,在相关法规建设,地学背景研究,人才培养等方面还有大量工作要做。  相似文献   

遗迹学的研究现状与新进展--第8届国际遗迹组构专题研讨会综述   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

龚一鸣  胡斌  齐永安  张国成 《古地理学报》2005,7(4):503-508

第8届国际遗迹组构专题研讨会于2005年2月17~23日在新西兰奥克兰大学召开。从会议报告、展板、论文摘要集和野外地质旅行可以看出: 遗迹化石正确的分类命名及其形态功能和生态环境再造仍然是遗迹学的基础和主要内容,常见和复杂遗迹化石的精细研究和重新解释将导致遗迹化石指示古环境和古生态意义的重大变革,遗迹化石特征的实验模拟和实证观测是定量解释造迹生物行为习性和生态环境意义的有效手段,许多鲜为人知或被忽略的问题和现象走进遗迹学家的视野, 陆相遗迹化石群落与遗迹组构研究有了新的进展,遗迹组构的岩心成像技术和三维模拟在油气勘探中正发挥越来越大的作用,学科交叉融合和高新技术测试方法的引进是遗迹学发展的重要推动力。  相似文献   

一种建立公交网络的最短路径改进算法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

苏莹  王英杰  余卓渊 《地球信息科学学报》2005,7(2):99-104

目前,对最短路径问题的研究很多,基本都是关注算法的计算效率问题,而其应用到具体领域时会遇到一些算法本身无法解决的细节问题。如将邻接结点算法用于公交网络的最短路径计算时,会遇到诸如缺少网络拓扑信息、属性数据复杂等问题。本文针对这些问题给出了解决方法:在计算最短路径之前,利用算法将站点和线路数据进行自动匹配,建立公交网络的拓扑关系。同时在数据存储方式上进行了改进,运用数据库存储复杂的公交属性数据和中间过程中产生的公交网络数据,节约了运算时的内存占用率,提高了数据的利用率,使算法更具实际意义。  相似文献   

Contracts,Seagrass, and Discourses: nonhuman mediators in the planning of the Mangles Bay Marina     

Ryan Quinn 《The Australian geographer》2020,51(1):1-18

ABSTRACT

Planning with things other-than-human and exploring the more-than-human dimensions of cities has failed to ignite within the discipline of planning. Humans and the human perspective remain privileged throughout both planning theory and practice. However, slowly over the course of the past two decades there has been a trickle of Actor Network Theory-based planning studies allowing the discipline to dip its toes into the more-than-human realm. This paper uses empirical evidence to demonstrate the role and influence of particular nonhumans as active mediators in the politics of planning processes and the production of more-than-human urban spaces. In doing so, the paper raises ethical questions around the existing anthropocentric approach to the assessment and deliberation of planned development where living nonhumans are affected. Utilising the case study of the proposed Mangles Bay Marina, in the southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, the paper will illustrate the influence of three types of nonhuman actors: living nonhuman species; discursive text and talk; and technical artefacts.  相似文献   

The Influences of Thermodynamic Characteristics on Aerodynamic Roughness Length over Land Surface          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Qiang  YAO Tong  YUE Ping  ZHANGF Liyang  ZENG Jian 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2013,27(2):249-262

It has previously been shown that aerodynamic roughness length changes significantly along with nearsurface atmospheric thermodynamic state; however, at present, this phenomenon remains poorly understood, and very little research concerning this topic has been conducted. In this paper, by using the data of different underlying surfaces provided by the Experimental Co-observation and Integral Research in Semi-arid and Arid Regions over North China, aerodynamic roughness length (z₀) values in stable, neutral, and unstable atmospheric stratifications are compared with one another, and the relationship between z₀ and atmospheric thermodynamic stability (ζ) is analyzed. It is found that z₀ shows great differences among the stable, neutral, and unstable atmospheric thermodynamic states, with the difference in z₀ values between the fully thermodynamic stable condition and the neutral condition reaching 60% of the mean z₀. Furthermore, for the wind speed range in which the wind data are less sensitive to z₀, the surface z₀ changes more significantly with ζ, and is highly correlated with both the Monin-Obukhov stability (ζ₀) and the overall Richardson number (R_ib), with both of their correlation coefficients greater than 0.71 and 0.47 in the stable and unstable atmospheric stratification, respectively. The empirical relation fitted with the experimental observations is quite consistent with the Zilitinkevich theoretical relation in the stable atmosphere, but the two are quite distinct and even show opposite variation tendencies in the unstable atmosphere. In application, however, verification of the empirical fitted relations by using the experimental data finds that the fitted relation is slightly more applicable than the Zilitinkevich theoretical relation in stable atmospheric stratification, but it is much more suitable than the Zilitinkevich relation in unstable atmospheric stratification.  相似文献