基于海洋模式数据的吕宋海峡输运量和菲律宾黑潮流量关系的分析     

周艳芳  谢强  陈更新  曾丽丽 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(6):1269-1275

利用全球涡分辨率海洋环流模式OFES的60年(1950—2009)输出资料,用流速资料计算了吕宋岛东侧18°N断面黑潮上游流量(Kuroshio Transport,KT)和120.5°E断面吕宋海峡输运量(Luzon Strait Transport,LST)。研究表明,KT和LST存在四种情况,即:(1)KT大LST小、(2)KT大LST大、(3)KT小LST小和(4)KT小LST大,分别占其总数的34%、11%、13%、42%。合成分析证实:一般情况下,KT大对应黑潮跨越吕宋海峡流态,此时LST较小;KT小时,地转β效应迫使黑潮向西入侵吕宋海峡,此时LST大。然而,吕宋岛东侧和台湾东南沿岸的涡旋常削弱黑潮在吕宋海峡处流量,造成KT大时黑潮亦入侵吕宋海峡,从而出现KT大LST大的情形;太平洋一侧的异常高海表高度诱发吕宋海峡处强地转流,造成KT虽小而黑潮在吕宋海峡处仍是跨越流态,因而LST小。结果表明,LST不仅受KT影响,亦受局地涡旋和海表高度的重要控制。  相似文献   

黑潮营养盐输入对东海陆架浮游生态系统影响的模型研究     

王玉衡  赵亮  沈家葳 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(6):1346-1354

黑潮是东海陆架主要的外源营养盐来源之一。本文建立了一个物理-生化耦合的三维生态动力学模型,通过敏感性实验分析了黑潮营养盐输入对东海浮游生态系统的影响,分区域、水层和季节对黑潮输入营养盐的贡献进行了统计分析。主要得到如下结论:(1)黑潮对东海陆架营养盐的影响主要集中在整个外陆架和中陆架的中北部,从垂向分布来看,对外陆架影响主要在50m以深的中下层,而对中陆架的影响在次表层(20—50m)和中下层都较为显著,黑潮对东海陆架营养盐输入的总量,冬季略高于夏季。(2)黑潮对东海浮游植物的贡献冬夏两季存在较大差异,冬季叶绿素的增量主要集中在外陆架的中北部和中陆架的中部,分布在表层(0—20m)和次表层;而夏季则主要在外陆架的中部、中陆架的中北部和内陆架的北部,除了内陆架北部以外都以次表层为主。  相似文献   

黑潮入侵东海陆架途径及其影响研究进展   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

杨德周  尹宝树  侯一筠  孙松  俞志明  宋金明  许灵静  于非  宋秀贤  于仁成  袁华茂  李新正  袁涌铨 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(6):1196-1207

基于中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)"热带西太平洋海洋系统物质能量交换及其影响"的项目二"黑潮及其变异对中国近海生态系统的影响"的航次调查资料、历史资料和数值模拟结果,对黑潮入侵东海的途径、机理和影响研究取得了重要进展,主要认识和成果如下。在长江口邻近海域的赤潮高发区,多学科研究结果证实存在黑潮入侵东海陆架近岸的底部分支,该分支是黑潮影响近海生态过程的主要途径。进一步的研究发现该底部分支存在季节变化:通常情况下,在春季开始出现,在夏季7月份达到最强,可以入侵到近岸50m等深线位置,向北可到达30.5°N附近,然后在秋、冬季其入侵主轴位置逐渐远离岸线向外海偏移,不会入侵到50m等深线以西的近岸区域,该底部分支出现和赤潮发生具有一定的同步性。数值模拟和观测结果表明黑潮入侵底部分支还存在年际变化。基于地球动力学理论,提出了地形β-spiral理论,并为模拟结果和观测资料所验证,该理论可以很好的解释为什么黑潮入侵分支会存在,并且该理论预测出凡是黑潮路径与等深线不平行的地方都会发生入侵流的垂向偏转,底层流的方向和地形梯度的角度决定了入侵主要发生在底层还是表层,且该理论在世界大洋具有普适性。此外,研究还表明,黑潮入侵底部分支可以把具有高磷酸盐、高盐、溶解氧含量相对较低等特征的黑潮次表层水及热带藻种等物质输送到长江口邻近海域,从而对东海陆架生态系统产生重要影响。  相似文献   

Influence of lithosphere and basement properties on the stretching factor and development of extensional faults across the Otway Basin,southeast Australia     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

The NW-SE striking Otway Basin in southeastern Australia is part of the continental rift system that formed during the separation of Australia from Antarctica. The development of this sedimentary basin occurred in two phases of Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous rifting. The evolution of this basin is mainly associated with extensional processes that took place in a pre-existing basement of Archean, Proterozoic to Paleozoic age. In this study, the total amounts of extension and stretching factor (β factor) have been measured for six transects across the entire passive margin of the Otway Basin region. The results show significant variation in extensional stretching along the basin, with the smallest stretching factors in the easternmost (β = 1.73, 1.9) and westernmost part of the basin (β = 2.09), and the largest stretching factors in the central part (β = 2.14 to 2.44). The domain with the lowest β factor is underlain mostly by thicker lithosphere of the Delamerian Orogen and older crustal fragments of the Selwyn Block. In contrast, the region with the largest β factor and amount of extension is related to younger and thinner lithosphere of the Lachlan Orogen. The main basement structures have been mapped throughout eastern South Australia and Victoria to examine the possible relationships between the younger pattern of extensional faults and the older basement fabrics. The pattern of normal faults varies considerably along onshore and offshore components of the Otway Basin from west to east. It appears that the orientation of pre-existing structures in the basement has some control on the geometry of the younger normal faults across the Otway Basin, but only in a limited number of places. In most areas the basement fabric has no control on the younger faulting pattern. Basement structure such as the north-south Coorong Shear Zone seems to affect the geometry of normal faults by changing their strike from E-W to NW-SE and also, in the easternmost part of the basin, the Bambra Fault changes the strike of normal faults from NW-SE to the NE-SW. Our results imply that the properties of the continental lithosphere exert a major influence on the β factor and amount of crustal extension but only a minor influence on the geometry of extensional faults.  相似文献   

Application of the Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation Method to the Predictability Study of the Kuroshio Large Meander   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

WANG Qiang  MU Mu  Henk A. DIJKSTRA 《大气科学进展》2012,29(1):118-134

A reduced-gravity barotropic shallow-water model was used to simulate the Kuroshio path variations.The results show that the model was able to capture the essential features of these path variations.We used one simulation of the model as the reference state and investigated the effects of errors in model parameters on the prediction of the transition to the Kuroshio large meander (KLM) state using the conditional nonlinear optimal parameter perturbation (CNOP-P) method.Because of their relatively large uncertainties,three model parameters were considered:the interfacial friction coefficient,the wind-stress amplitude,and the lateral friction coefficient.We determined the CNOP-Ps optimized for each of these three parameters independently,and we optimized all three parameters simultaneously using the Spectral Projected Gradient 2 (SPG2) algorithm.Similarly,the impacts caused by errors in initial conditions were examined using the conditional nonlinear optimal initial perturbation (CNOP-I) method.Both the CNOP-I and CNOP-Ps can result in significant prediction errors of the KLM over a lead time of 240 days.But the prediction error caused by CNOP-I is greater than that caused by CNOP-P.The results of this study indicate not only that initial condition errors have greater effects on the prediction of the KLM than errors in model parameters but also that the latter cannot be ignored.Hence,to enhance the forecast skill of the KLM in this model,the initial conditions should first be improved,the model parameters should use the best possible estimates.  相似文献   

春季黑潮延伸体海洋锋区经向位移与东亚大气环流的关系   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

马静  徐海明 《气象科学》2012,32(4):375-384

采用高分辨率的海表温度资料定义了春季黑潮延伸体北侧海洋锋区的南北位置,并采用EOF分析、相关分析、合成分析、带通滤波等方法,探讨了其南北向位置变动与高空急流、风暴轴以及后期东亚降水之间的关系。结果表明,春季黑潮延伸体北侧海洋锋区位置的南北变动存在明显的年际、年代际变化,其与6月东亚高空急流、太平洋区域风暴轴的南北位置具有很好的对应关系。当春季黑潮延伸体海洋锋区偏北时,6月东亚高空急流、太平洋区域风暴轴偏北,反之亦然。进一步的研究还表明,春季黑潮延伸体海洋锋区经向位置的变动可通过影响东亚大气环流对6月东亚地区的降水产生影响,黑潮延伸体海洋锋区偏北(南)年,6月雨带有显著的北(南)移。  相似文献   

新疆哈密四顶黑山地区镁铁质-超镁铁岩特征及其构造意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李奇祥  廖群安  三金柱  张家新  施文翔  郭东宝 《地质科技情报》2010,29(4)

采用LA-ICP-MS法获得新疆四顶黑山地区镁铁质-超镁铁岩中辉长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为(351.5±1.9)Ma,与采用39Ar/40Ar法和Sm-Nd等时线法获得的年龄值存在明显的差异,同时也与同一构造带上的早二叠世黄山东及图拉尔根等含矿杂岩体的形成时间明显不同。岩石学及地球化学特征显示,四顶黑山杂岩体以辉长岩为主,含强分异的斜长岩和闪长岩,以高SiO2、Al2O3、CaO,低TiO2、m/f、ΣREE及不相容元素,具明显的Nb、Ta负异常为特征,并以此区别于相邻的图拉尔根杂岩体。结合该区花岗质岩石的定年结果,认为该杂岩体形成于早泥盆世的岛弧花岗岩和晚泥盆世的碰撞花岗岩之后,与(357.7±3.5)Ma的A型花岗岩共生,应是碰撞后伸展背景的产物。  相似文献   

LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the Kunlunguan A-type granites in Guangxi Province,South China and its geological significance     

Lebing Fu  Junhao Wei  Yanjun Li  Jun Tan  Shuiru Li  Hongmei Li 《中国地球化学学报》2010,29(3):223-232

The Kunlunguan biotite granite pluton, located in the southwestern part of the Nanling Mesozoic granite belt, is controlled by the NW-trending Nandan-Kunlunguan deep fault. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yielded a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 93.0±1 Ma (MSDW=1.7) for the main part of the pluton, implying its Late Creta-ceous intrusion. The Kunlunguan body is a high-K calc-alkaline rock characterized by high silicon, alkali and alu-minum, and low phosphorus and titanium. SiO2 contents of the Kunlunguan body...  相似文献   

冈底斯东段汤不拉斑岩Mo-Cu矿床成岩成矿时代与成因研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

王保弟  许继峰  陈建林  张兴国  王立全  夏抱本 《岩石学报》2010,26(6):1820-1832

汤不拉斑岩型钼铜矿床是冈底斯成矿带目前识别出的最东部的一个大型斑岩矿床,但是其成岩成矿时代一直缺乏年代学约束。本文通过对成矿斑岩的系统地球化学研究,采用LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb方法和辉钼矿Re-Os方法研究了汤不拉矿床的成岩、成矿年龄。研究结果显示汤不拉花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄为19.72±0.20Ma;而辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为20.9±1.3Ma,成岩和成矿时代在误差范围内基本一致,表明斑岩体与矿化的形成时间相近。汤不拉成矿斑岩具有与埃达克质岩相似的地球化学特征,如高Sr、Sr/Y、(La/Yb)N,亏损重稀土Yb与Y,并富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等,并具有与新生地壳源林子宗群火山岩相似的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.70598～0.70676)和εNd(t)(-1.75～-3.27)同位素特征。本文认为汤不拉埃达克质成矿斑岩可能起源于增厚新生下地壳的部分熔融,是在中新世后碰撞构造环境中在板片断离作用下导致的成岩和成矿事件。综合区域上的已有资料,可知整个冈底斯斑岩成矿带后碰撞成矿阶段成岩时间为21～12Ma,成矿时间集中在17～13Ma,成矿时间持续大约4Ma,而汤不拉斑岩型钼铜矿床是后碰撞阶段最早形成的斑岩矿床之一。  相似文献   

东秦岭石窑沟斑岩钼矿床地质特征及辉钼矿Re-Os年龄   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

高亚龙  张江明  叶会寿  孟芳  周珂  高阳 《岩石学报》2010,26(3):729-739

在东秦岭钼成矿带最近探明的石窑沟大型钼矿床位于近东西向马超营断裂带与北东向石窑沟-焦园断裂带的交汇部位,获得钼金属储量10余万吨,平均品位0.068%。钼矿化呈细脉-网脉状分布于花岗斑岩体及其围岩熊耳群火山岩中,与矿化有关的围岩蚀变有钾长石化、硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化等,具有斑岩型钼矿床的一些基本特点。在矿床中选取5件不同矿化类型的辉钼矿样品,采用ICP-MS法进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得模式年龄131.3±2.4～134.3±2.6Ma,等时线年龄135.2±1.8Ma(MSWD=0.18),形成于早白垩世,与豫西熊耳山地区雷门沟、鱼池岭等钼矿床形成时代相近。据辉钼矿Re含量(8.242×10-6～30.24×10-6)推测,矿床成矿物质主要来自于下地壳。矿床为东秦岭-大别山地区中生代第三期钼成矿作用产物,形成于早白垩世中国东部岩石圈伸展环境。  相似文献