荧光示踪剂的干扰实验研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

程烯  万军伟  黄琨  项立磊  何欣慧 《中国岩溶》2019,38(5):795-803

通过在室内无光照条件下开展干扰实验,探究了荧光素钠、罗丹明和荧光增白剂三种示踪剂之间的干扰规律,并应用于野外地下水二元示踪试验实例,说明了校正荧光示踪仪检测浓度(ΔC)的方法。结果表明:（1）在实验室条件下,荧光素钠的抗干扰性最强,罗丹明次之,荧光增白剂易受到干扰产生检测浓度增大的假象,这种假象服从线性变化规律;（2）当使用罗丹明作为示踪剂时,ΔC钠=0.052C罗、ΔC白=0.012C罗;当使用荧光素钠时,ΔC罗=0.507C钠、ΔC白=0.323C钠。在野外开展二元示踪试验时,建议尽量选用相互之间干扰较小的罗丹明和荧光增白剂进行组合投放,或利用本实验得到的不同示踪剂之间的干扰规律对荧光示踪仪的检测浓度进行校正。   相似文献   

Resistivity saturation in liquid iron–light-element alloys at conditions of planetary cores from first principles computations     

《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2019,351(2-3):154-162

We present a comprehensive analysis of electrical resistivity for liquid Fe–Si, Fe–S, and Fe–O alloys from first principles computations, covering the pressure/temperature conditions and major light element candidates inside the cores of terrestrial planets. By fitting optical conductivity with the Drude formula, we explicitly calculate the effective electron mean free path, and show that it becomes comparable to the interatomic distance for high densities and Si/S concentrations (Ioffe–Regel criterion). In approaching the Ioffe–Regel criterion, the temperature coefficient of resistivity decreases with compression for all compositions, eventually vanishes (Fe–Si), or even changes sign (Fe–S). Differences in resistivity and the degree of saturation between the iron alloys studied are explained in terms of iron–light element coordination numbers and their density dependence. Due to competing temperature and pressure effects, resistivity profiles along proposed core adiabats exhibit a small negative pressure gradient.  相似文献   

聚合物改性硫化亚铁在饱和多孔介质中的迁移性能     

洪梅  杨慧萍  陈韶音 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(4):1121-1128

本文采用羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）、瓜尔胶（Guar gum）对硫化亚铁（FeS）进行了改性,以增强FeS的稳定性和迁移性。通过实验考察了3种FeS（CMC-FeS、GG-FeS、Nano-FeS）的沉降性能及其在粗、中、细砂3种介质中的迁移性能,并根据胶体过滤理论计算了3种FeS在中砂中的沉积速率及在不同介质中的最大迁移距离。结果表明：改性后FeS的稳定性较高,抗沉降性能CMC-FeS > GG-FeS >> Nano-FeS;由穿透曲线看出,3种FeS在粗、中、细砂中的穿透能力（即出流质量浓度ρ_i与注入质量浓度ρ₀的比值）均为CMC-FeS > GG-FeS > Nano-FeS。粗砂和中砂中CMC-FeS的穿透能力明显高于GG-FeS,但细砂中二者的穿透能力相近,说明瓜尔胶的剪切稀化特性更利于GG-FeS在细颗粒介质中的迁移;FeS注入质量浓度的增加会导致更多的FeS沉积到介质中,但聚合物改性可以显著降低沉积速率,沉积速率CMC-FeS < GG-FeS < Nano-FeS;改性后CMC-FeS和GG-FeS在中砂的最大迁移距离分别是Nano-FeS的6.4倍和2.6倍,增加GG-FeS注入质量浓度对其最大迁移距离影响较小。  相似文献   

利用对流层污染测量仪研究2002年东亚地区CO总量分布特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

方圆圆  赵春生  李成才 《大气科学》2005,29(3):363-371

利用TERRA卫星上搭载的对流层污染测量仪(MOPITT)在2002年1～12月的探测数据, 分析了2002年全球大气CO的时空分布特征, 并着重对东亚地区上空的CO柱总量月平均分布及其年变化做了研究, 验证和得出了一些关于CO时空分布的重要结论: CO柱总量在北半球分布高于南半球, 在1月份高于7月份, 南半球春季低纬有几个高值中心; 东亚地区CO柱总量高值区分布在中国东部沿海以及东南亚、日本列岛之间, 位置和强度都逐月变化, 这一点与气象场的季节变化有关; 对多个站点的讨论表明, CO浓度在一年中随季节变化.  相似文献   

套管井应力集中诱导井周波速各向异性的研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

刘金霞  王克协  曹正良  谢荣华  刘继生  吕秀梅 《地球物理学报》2005,48(3):717-723

针对在套管井中应用正交偶极声测井检测地层各向异性和确定异常构造应力的需要, 本文通过求解水平构造应力作用下套管井的应力场分布,应用声弹性理论说明应力集中对套管井井周弹性波速空间分布的影响,分析了波速空间分布对加套管后的正交偶极各向异性声测量的影响.井孔、套管、水泥环和地层系统的复杂性改变了原裸眼井情况地层中的应力场分布,使应力集中的范围明显缩小到井眼附近.对应不同方位径向偏振横波的交叉点向井孔附近移动.横波波速空间分布的方位极值规律发生变化,但纵波波速空间分布的方位极值规律不变,仍能提供最大远场构造应力施加的方向.  相似文献   

杨金沟白钨矿床地质特征及找矿前景分析   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

张汉成  王京彬  艾霞 《地质与勘探》2005,41(6):42-48

杨金沟白钨矿床是目前我国东北地区发现最大的钨矿资源地,其资源量已超过大型规模.文章通过大量野外地质调查和室内观察,总结了杨金沟白钨矿床基本地质特征,并对主要控矿因素及矿床成因类型进行了深入研究;另外,在该矿床现有勘查成果基础上,结合矿体空间产出特征和断裂构造等主要控矿因素,剖析了该矿床钨矿化富集规律,进一步明确了杨金沟地区白钨矿床的找矿远景和方向.  相似文献   

Effect of Phosphatization on Element Concentration of Cobalt-Rich Ferromanganese Crusts   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

E. H. De CARLO 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(3):349-355

1 Introduction Co-rich ferromanganese crusts occurring on submarine guyots have received much attention from scientists since the beginning of the 1980’s because they are enriched in Co, Mn, Pt, and rare earth elements (REEs), and have large potential mineral resources, occurring as they do on topographic highs relative to polymetallic nodules in the C-C (Clarion-Clipperton) zone (Halbach et al., 1982, 1989; Hein et al., 1992, 1999; Usui and Someya, 1997; Yamazaki and Sharma, 1998, 2000…  相似文献   

额济纳地区沙尘气溶胶质量浓度特征初步分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

周茅先  刘立超  肖洪浪  贞代矢吹  胡延荣  罗小蔚  郭兴福 《干旱区地理》2005,28(4):484-489

为更好地理解亚洲沙尘源区气溶胶特征,在巴丹吉林沙漠边缘额济纳地区进行了野外观测。通过对沙尘源区之一的额济纳地区沙尘气溶胶的长期临测,获得了其区域代表性沙尘气溶胶理化特征。其TSP年变化以5月最大,9月最小,这与气象条件密切相关。针对典型天气过程的观测结果表明,不同天气条件（背景大气、浮尘、扬沙和沙尘暴）下TSP浓度存在倍数关系和量级的差异,其质量浓度随粒径的分布特征也明显不同。总体上讲,额济纳地区清洁大气中沙尘气溶胶浓度量级为10^2μg／m^3,而浮尘,扬沙及沙尘暴期间沙尘气溶胶质量浓度量级为10^2μg/m^3,超强沙尘暴沙尘质量浓度可达量级为10^4μg／m^4,在不同风向影响下,气溶胶粒径分布呈现不同特征;与沙坡头、敦煌地区相比,具有其独特的区域特性。  相似文献   

Overbank sedimentation rates in former channel lakes: characterization and control factors     

ANNE CITTERIO  HERVE PIÉGAY† 《Sedimentology》2009,56(2):461-482

Overbank sedimentation rates were studied in former channels of three rivers in south-eastern France. Depth and spatial distribution of sediment, as well as geometry, hydrological connectivity and age of 39 lakes, were both measured and calculated. The mean sedimentation rate of lakes varied between 0 and 2·57 cm year⁻¹. Sedimentation rates are linked to water depth and often undergo a decreasing gradient from the downstream outlet to the inner part of the lake. Multiple regression modelling demonstrates that sediment depth is essentially a function of overbank flow frequency. The greater the difference between upstream and downstream overbank flow frequency, the faster the sedimentation rate. These differences in sedimentation rates also correspond to different former channel geometry: the rates are slower in narrow and straight channels (former braided, and point-bar backwater channels), and faster in large and sinuous channels (exhibiting meanders, anastomosing channels and coves). The suspended sediment flux is variable from one reach to another, the middle reach of the Rhône conveying more sediment than the upper reaches, the Doubs or the Ain reaches. The suspended sediment flux does not explain a statistical difference in lake sedimentation rates between the reaches, which also provide clear evidence of the importance of local connectivity controls. Sedimentation patterns were also complicated by temporal changes in lake connectivity associated with geomorphological or anthropogenic changes operating within the main channel.  相似文献   

泉州市、晋江市土壤中氡气浓度与地质背景的关系     

陈华英 《物探与化探》2009,33(2):186-189

通过泉州市、晋江市土壤中氡气测量,取得约465 km2土壤氡气环境调查成果,从结果来看,泉州市区和晋江市区土壤中氡气浓度普遍较低;市郊主要为山地,土壤中氡气浓度普遍较高;从土壤中氡气浓度水平的分布来看,土壤中氡气浓度水平主要与地质背景有关,二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩、钾长浅粒岩及黑云片岩风化土壤中氡气浓度明显高于其他地质背景来源土壤。  相似文献