Establishing a framework for Open Geographic Information science     

Alex David Singleton  Seth Spielman  Chris Brunsdon 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(8):1507-1521

When conducting research within a framework of Geographic Information Science (GISc), the scientific validity of this work can be argued as highly dependent upon the extent to which the methods employed are reproducible, and that, in the strictest sense, can only be fully achieved by implementing transparent workflows that utilize both open source software and openly available data. After considering the scientific implications of non-reproducible methods, we provide a review of both open source Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and openly available data, before describing an integrated model for Open GISc. We conclude with a critical review of this embryonic paradigm, with directions for future development in supporting spatial data infrastructure.  相似文献   

城乡建设用地增减挂钩项目拆旧地块选址适宜性评价模型研究     

任建福  杨发业 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(11)

由于我国人口众多、人均资源相对不足,后备资源十分稀缺,人多地少的矛盾突出,因此开展城乡建设用地增减挂钩项目的意义重大。但由于目前关于选择拆旧地块要遵守的原则以及适用的方法尚不明确,因此这项工作在开展时存在着很强的随意性。本文以灵川县为实例,研究城乡建设用地增减挂钩拆旧地块选址的适宜性评价模型,并较客观地评价出该县最适宜拆旧区,为全国开展增减挂钩项目提供理论与实证支持。  相似文献   

Free and open source software for geospatial applications (FOSS4G) to support Future Earth     

Maria Antonia Brovelli  Marco Minghini  Rafael Moreno-Sanchez  Ricardo Oliveira 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2017,10(4):386-404

ABSTRACT

The development, integration, and distribution of the information and spatial data infrastructure (i.e. Digital Earth; DE) necessary to support the vision and goals of Future Earth (FE) will occur in a distributed fashion, in very diverse technological, institutional, socio-cultural, and economic contexts around the world. This complex context and ambitious goals require bringing to bear not only the best minds, but also the best science and technologies available. Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial Applications (FOSS4G) offers mature, capable and reliable software to contribute to the creation of this infrastructure. In this paper we point to a selected set of some of the most mature and reliable FOSS4G solutions that can be used to develop the functionality required as part of DE and FE. We provide examples of large-scale, sophisticated, mission-critical applications of each software to illustrate their power and capabilities in systems where they perform roles or functionality similar to the ones they could perform as part of DE and FE. We provide information and resources to assist the readers in carrying out their own assessments to select the best FOSS4G solutions for their particular contexts and system development needs.  相似文献   

太平洋几种海面要素的升降趋势及其对海平面上升的影响     

马继瑞  田素珍  张冬生  柴新敏 《热带海洋学报》1995,(4)

对ＣＯＡＤＳ资料中１９５０－１９９２年太平洋４°×８°方区的海水表层温度及海面气温、气压、风速序列数据，进行了时间序列分析。分析结果表明：太平洋海表气温和水温年上升率分别为０．００６３℃·ａ（－１）和０．００２６℃·ａ（－１）。两者的变化趋势在赤道太平洋都有一个年上升率高值区；而在东海以北的西北太平洋广大海区，都有一个年下降率的低值区。西太平洋海面气压呈上升趋势，东太平洋则相反。气温和水温的升降区域分布特征与风速分量增强和减弱的变化趋势有关。文章还指出，中国和日本沿岸今后几十年海平面变化趋势的预测模式，应以太平洋或全球海平面上升趋势的预测为基础，加上本海区海平面的局地变化订正。  相似文献   

Improvement on open boundaries on a time dependent numerical model of wave propagation in the nearshore region     

F. S. B. F. Oliveira   《Ocean Engineering》2001,28(1)

An improvement on the simulation of outgoing waves on a time dependent numerical model for water wave propagation in the nearshore region is presented. The governing equations consist of a system of first order partial differential equations (PDEs), the equation of continuity and the equation of motion. A comparative study of first order radiation boundary conditions (BCs) and first order radiation BCs combined with sponge layers is presented for cases where outgoing waves leave the numerical domain of calculation through the open boundary. A reduction of spurious reflections from the numerical open boundaries can be obtained with an irrelevant increase in terms of computational cost.  相似文献   

林孔扇贝自然海区采苗技术研究     

王如才  高洁  张连庆  吴远起 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1987,(3)

1974—1985年在烟台市、荣成和长岛县进行了自然海区采苗的试验研究。研究结果表明,采苗袋(笼)是较好的扇贝自然海区采苗器。 自然海区采苗技术的关键是:采苗袋网目在1.5毫米左右,内放少量网片作为稚贝附着基;海区透明度大;适时预报投放采苗器时间;掌握适宜的采苗水层。 该项技术经济效益显著。  相似文献   

Dissolved organic carbon in the freshwater tidal reaches of the Schelde estuary   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Koenraad Muylaert  Renaat Dasseville  Loreto De Brabandere  Frank Dehairs  Wim Vyverman 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,64(4):591-600

To unravel the factors that regulate DOC dynamics in the freshwater tidal reaches of the Schelde estuary, DOC concentration and biodegradability were monitored in the upper Schelde estuary and its major tributaries. Although the Schelde estuary possesses a densely populated and industrialized catchment, our data suggest that the bulk of DOC in the freshwater tidal reaches is not derived from waste water. This was concluded from the low biodegradability of DOC (on average 9%), DOC concentrations that are close to the mean for European rivers (4.61 mg l⁻¹) and the absence of an inverse relationship between DOC and discharge. Most DOC originating from waste water being discharged in tributaries of the estuary appears to be remineralised before these tributaries reach the main estuary. Although dense phytoplankton blooms were observed in the upper estuary during summer (up to 700 μg chl a l⁻¹), these blooms did not appear to produce large quantities of DOC in the freshwater tidal reaches as DOC concentrations were low when phytoplankton biomass was high. The fact that DOC concentrations were high in winter and decreased in summer suggests a predominantly terrestrial source of DOC in the freshwater tidal reaches of the Schelde estuary.  相似文献   

Design and Implementation of a Distributed GIS Portal for Oil Spill and Harmful Algal Bloom Monitoring in the Marine Environment     

amonn Tuama  Torill Hamre 《Marine Geodesy》2007,30(1):145-168

A web-based distributed system for monitoring and forecasting of the marine environment has been developed in line with INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe (INSPIRE) and Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) recommendations for a European Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). This system, called DISPRO, enables integration and distribution of multi-source data from satellites, aircraft, and in situ instruments, as well as results from numerical models. Geographic data and metadata are stored on a set of distributed computer nodes and retrieved and integrated by a web GIS client by means of Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Map Server (WMS) technologies. A profile of ISO 19115 was developed for metadata handling, using eXtensible Markup Language (XML) as a platform independent encoding mechanism. DISPRO has been demonstrated in six European coastal zone and ocean regions in the spring and summer of 2005. The overall positive experiences of both service providers and end users indicate that the system should be further developed into an operational GMES service.  相似文献   

栉孔扇贝不同种群杂交效果的初步研究 Ⅰ.中国种群与俄罗斯种群的杂交   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

刘小林  常亚青  相建海  李富花  宋坚  丁君  董波  刘宪杰 《海洋学报》2003,25(1):93-99

对两个不同地理种群的栉孔扇贝的3个群体——俄罗斯种群(R)、中国种群野生群体(CW)和养殖群体(CC)及其3个杂交组合F1代生长发育各组合40～50只进行了3次测定比较研究.结果表明,在壳长、壳宽、壳高、活体重4个生长发育指标上均表现不同程度的杂种优势,2月龄时CW♀×R♂杂交效果最好;3月龄时3个杂交组合的杂种优势均较大,但差异不显著;4月龄时各杂交组合的杂种优势明显,尤其是活体重的杂种优势突出,以R♀×CC♂杂交效果最好;3个亲本群体各个性状的测定性能表现在2,3月龄以俄罗斯种群较好,4月龄以中国养殖群体较好.中国种群2月龄野生群体较养殖群体生长发育快,3月龄时其生长发育差异不显著,4月龄养殖群体生长发育快.  相似文献   

近20年青海三江源自然保护区植被生产力变化模拟   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

肖桐  刘纪远  邵全琴 《地球信息科学学报》2009,11(5):557-565

三江源保护区是我国最大的自然保护区,对我国的生态安全起着重要的保障作用。作为生态系统功能重要指标之一的净初级生产力的大小及其速率,一直是人们关心的问题。本文利用GLOPEM模型模拟得到的青海三江源地区1988-2008年的NPP数据,计算了三江源自然保护区内外1988-2008、1988-2004,以及2004-2008年3个时间段的NPP年际变化速率,比较了三江源保护区内外的NPP年际变化。同时对三江源各个下属保护区的NPP增长潜力进行了排序,结果认为,三江源地区自生态系统工程实施以来,NPP有了明显的回升,回升速率约为0.47 gC/m²·a,其内部大多数子保护区的NPP也有了明显恢复,NPP回升的保护区占到总保护区数量的72%。  相似文献