海岸带遥感资源调查的计算机解译方法探讨     

李柏良  许学工  林辉 《地理与地理信息科学》2002,18(2):34-37

该文介绍了一种利用计算机遥感图像解译进行资源调查的方法———斑块边界自动矢量化辅以目视栅格图像校正法。解译的主要步骤包括 :建立解译标志、影像配准、数据分析、图像增强、监督分类、目视解译修正、草图输出、实地检验、栅格转矢量、结果输出等。笔者结合案例对每一步出现的问题及其解决方法进行了探讨 ,并取得了海岸带资源遥感调查蓬莱幅的结果  相似文献   

应用遥感技术分析廉州湾悬沙的动态特征     

梁文  黎广钊 《地理与地理信息科学》2002,18(2):49-51,84

该文依据美国陆地卫星 (Landsat)接收的MSS、TM资料 ,得到廉州湾海区表层悬沙分布的解译图 ,分析廉州湾及湾外海区水流流场特征、悬沙的分布及输移扩散特征 ,并就潮流、径流等水动力对湾内悬沙运动、滩槽冲淤的作用和影响进行了讨论  相似文献   

断裂构造的遥感研究方法综述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

隋志龙  李德威  黄春霞 《地理与地理信息科学》2002,18(3):34-37,44

断裂构造是一种基本的构造型式。断裂构造遥感研究是高新探测技术与地球科学的有机结合 ,是断裂构造常规研究方法的有益补充和向纵深拓展的必然趋势。该文从总体思路、具体内容、操作方法等各个不同角度系统地论述了断裂构造遥感研究的现状和发展趋势 ,并在断裂构造信息提取、光谱特征分析、空间结构分析 (包括分形分析 )等方面提出了一些观点。  相似文献   

Identification of geomorphic process units in Kärkevagge, northern Sweden, by remote sensing and digital terrain analysis     

Annett Bartsch  Martin Gude  Christer Jonasson  & Dieter Scherer 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2002,84(3-4):171-178

Sediment transport processes in the Kärkevagge are investigated concerning their spatial and temporal characteristics due to long–term monitoring. Within this study remote sensing techniques and GIS modelling in connection with geomorphic mapping are applied for identification and characterization of geomorphic process units. Relationships between geomorphometric parameters and slope processes like solifluction, talus creep and rockfall have been analysed. Multitemporal Landsat–TM5 scenes are used as source for landcover characteristics (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) after preprocessing involving orthorectification and topographic normalization in order to remove possible terrain–induced effects. Additionally, a digital elevation model with a resolution of 20 m for the Kärkevagge catchment is developed and parameters like slope gradient, slope aspect and profile curvature are extracted as input for the analysis of the sediment transport system. The combination of landcover information, geomorphometrical and topological features allows the definition of areas for single process activities. They show specific sediment displacement characteristics depending on material conditions, topological and geometrical features. Geomorphic process units, which show a homogenous composition, are extracted from these available layers.  相似文献   

基于遥感数据的常熟市耕地资源数量动态变化分析   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

张定祥  李宪文  刘顺喜  史学正 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(3):38-41

采用RS和GIS技术，对常熟市1984—2001年间土地利用进行调查，获得了1984、1992、1999、2001年四个时期的土地利用状况及其变化资料。通过多时期对比分析发现：1984—1992年，居民点工矿占用耕地、耕地变成水域和耕地变成交通用地，分别占耕地转出总面积的56．7％、36．6％和5．4％。1992—1999年上述各项则分别占耕地转出总面积的47．3％、45．7％和7．0％。1999——2001年分别占耕地转出总面积的2．4％、95．6％和1．3％。1999年以后农村农业结构调整已经成为耕地面积减少的主要原因，应通过制定区域农业中长期发展规划和法规进行宏观调控。  相似文献   

基于卫星遥感的鲁西北季节性风沙化土地研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

史同广  孙希华  闫业超 《地域研究与开发》2003,22(5):42-45

文章对鲁西北地区季节性风沙化土地的分布、特征及近20年来的演变做了初步的分析，阐述了该地区风沙化土地的成因及其危害，在肯定已有治沙成绩的基础上，就如何合理利用和改造这些土地提出了合理布局农田林网、地一步完善农田水利设施等意见和建议。  相似文献   

High spatial resolution hyperspectral mapping of in-stream habitats, depths, and woody debris in mountain streams     

W. Andrew Marcus  Carl J. Legleiter  Richard J. Aspinall  Joseph W. Boardman  Robert L. Crabtree 《Geomorphology》2003,55(1-4):363

This article evaluates the potential of 1-m resolution, 128-band hyperspectral imagery for mapping in-stream habitats, depths, and woody debris in third- to fifth-order streams in the northern Yellowstone region. Maximum likelihood supervised classification using principal component images provided overall classification accuracies for in-stream habitats (glides, riffles, pools, and eddy drop zones) ranging from 69% for third-order streams to 86% for fifth-order streams. This scale dependency of classification accuracy was probably driven by the greater proportion of transitional boundary areas in the smaller streams. Multiple regressions of measured depths (y) versus principal component scores (x₁, x₂,…, x_n) generated R² values ranging from 67% for high-gradient riffles to 99% for glides in a fifth-order reach. R² values were lower in third-order reaches, ranging from 28% for runs and glides to 94% for pools. The less accurate depth estimates obtained for smaller streams probably resulted from the relative increase in the number of mixed pixels, where a wide range of depths and surface turbulence occurred within a single pixel. Matched filter (MF) mapping of woody debris generated overall accuracies of 83% in the fifth-order Lamar River. Accuracy figures for the in-stream habitat and wood mapping may have been misleadingly low because the fine-resolution imagery captured fine-scale variations not mapped by field teams, which in turn generated false “misclassifications” when the image and field maps were compared.The use of high spatial resolution hyperspectral (HSRH) imagery for stream mapping is limited by the need for clear water to measure depth, by any tree cover obscuring the stream, and by the limited availability of airborne hyperspectral sensors. Nonetheless, the high accuracies achieved in northern Yellowstone streams indicate that HSRH imagery can be a powerful tool for watershed-wide mapping, monitoring, and modeling of streams.  相似文献   

基于遥感的黄河三角洲蒸散的动态分析     

潘志强  刘高焕  周成虎 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):408-415

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important parameter for water resource management. Compared to the traditional ET computation and measurement methods, the ET computation method based on remote sensing has the advantages of quickness, precision, raster mapping and regional scale. SEBAL, an ET computation model using remote sensing method is based on the surface energy balance equation which is a function of net radiance flux, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux. The former three fluxes can be computed through the parameters retrieved from remote sensing image, then the latent heat flux can be obtained to provide energy for ET. Finally we can obtain the daily ET. In this study SEBAL was applied to compute ET in the Yellow River Delta of China where water resource faces a rigorous situation. Three Landsat TM images and meteorology data of 1999 were used for ET computation, and spatial and temporal change patterns of ET in the Yellow River Delta were analysed.  相似文献   

遥感技术在高寒山区1:25万区域地质调查中的应用研究     

汪友明  尹显科  徐韬  游丽君 《四川地质学报》2003,23(2):120-122

针对高寒山区1：25万区调野外工作条件差、时间短，植被覆盖度低、遥感影像质量好的特点，提出了遥感影像解释、遥感标志剖面解译新概念，以及不同工作区用不同大法的新思路。研究、实践认为，利用遥感技术开展高寒山区区域地质调查能减少野外工作量，缩短周期，节约经费，提高调查质量和精度。  相似文献   

灌溉实时调度研究进展   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

顾世祥  傅骅  李靖 《水科学进展》2003,14(5):660-666

灌溉实时调度是农业水管理走向智能化、自动化和现代化的重要标志,综合应用地理信息系统、卫星遥感技术、全球定位系统、计算机、人工智能、信息技术,以及农业灌溉、气象学、系统工程等多学科的最新成果,提高调度的灵活性、可靠性、实用性,是灌溉实时调度今后的发展趋势。同时,也面临着基础设施落后、技术力量薄弱、信息处理费用过高、卫星传输周期长等多方面的困难。综述了国内外在实时灌溉预报、渠系动态配水、土壤墒情监测、计算机辅助决策支持系统以及灌区空间信息管理等方面的最新研究进展和主要成就,力求促进灌区用水管理研究的发展。  相似文献