Oscillatory Rossby Solitary Waves in the Atmosphere     

Chen Zhongming  Liu Fuming  Li Xiaoping  Tao Jie 《大气科学进展》1994,11(1):65-73

The linear Rossby wave frequency expression is expanded at higher accuracy based on the scale difference char?acteristics of atmospheric long waves in the and directions. That the nature of the waves represented by the expan?sion is identical to that of the original ones is demonstrated both in phase velocity and wave energy dispersion speed , followed by the derivation of the nonlinear expression describing atmospheric long wave behaviors with the associated approximate analytic solution obtained. Then, for the first time atmospheric’ oscillatory Rossby solitary wave’ with its dispersion relation is obtained by numerical calculation with the aid of physical parameters of the real atmosphere. The solitary wave is found to be very close to such longwave systems as blocking highs and cut-off de?pressions in the actual atmosphere.  相似文献   

纬向切变基流中的非线性Rossby波     

何建中  郭品文 《高原气象》1993,12(4):361-366

本文在半地转近似下讨论了纬向切变基流中的非线性正压Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波，给出了存在波解的切变基流条件。  相似文献   

Waveforms of Long-Period Body Waves In A Slightly Aspherical Earth Model     

Xiang-Dong Li  Toshiro Tanimoto 《Geophysical Journal International》1993,112(1):92-102

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一种新的计算冰面饱和水汽压方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘公波  胡志晋 《气象》1994,20(1):24-26

综述了国内外近似计算平面饱和水汽压公式。给出了较为精确、简单的平冰面饱和水汽压计算式，并与Ｗｅｘｌｅｒ等的计算结果进行了比较。  相似文献   

计算最小走时和射线路径的界面网全局方法   总被引：27，自引：16，他引：27       下载免费PDF全文

刘洪  孟凡林 《地球物理学报》1995,38(6):823-832

用慢度分块均匀正方形模型将介质参数化，仅在正方形单元的边界上设置计算结点，这些结点构成界面网．根据Ｈｕｖｓｅｎｓ和Ｆｅｒｍａｔ原理，由不断扩张、收缩的波前点扫描代替波前面搜索，在波前点附近点的局部最小走时计算中对波前点之间的走时使用双曲线近似，通过比较确定最小走时和相应的次级源位置，记录在以界面网点位置为指针的３个一维数组中．借助这些数组通过向源搜索可计算任意点（包括界面网以外的点）上的全局最小走时和射线路径．这一方法不受介质慢度差异大小限制，占内存少，计算速度较快，适于走时反演和以Ｍａｓｌｏｖ射线理论为基础的波场计算．  相似文献   

Application of saddlepoint approximation in reliability analysis of dynamic systems     

阮家荣  王家  区兆驹 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2007,6(4):391-400

The application of the saddlepoint approximation to reliability analysis of dynamic systems is investigated. The failure event in reliability problems is formulated as the exceedance of a single performance variable over a prescribed threshold level. The saddlepoint approximation technique provides a choice to estimate the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the performance variable. The failure probability is obtained as the value of the complement CDF at a specif ied threshold. The method requires computing the saddlepoint from a simple algebraic equation that depends on the cumulant generating function (CGF) of the performance variable. A method for calculating the saddlepoint using random samples of the performance variable is presented. The applicable region of the saddlepoint approximation is discussed in detail. A 10-story shear building model with white noise excitation illustrates the accuracy and effi ciency of the proposed methodology.  相似文献   

Nonlinear determinism in river flow: prediction as a possible indicator   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bellie Sivakumar 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2007,32(7):969-979

Whether or not river flow exhibits nonlinear determinism remains an unresolved question. While studies on the use of nonlinear deterministic methods for modeling and prediction of river flow series are on the rise and the outcomes are encouraging, suspicions and criticisms of such studies continue to exist as well. An important reason for this situation is that the correlation dimension method, used as a nonlinear determinism identification tool in most of those studies, may possess certain limitations when applied to real river flow series, which are always finite and often short and also contaminated with noise (e.g. measurement error). In view of this, the present study addresses the issue of nonlinear determinism in river flow series using prediction as a possible indicator. This is done by (1) reviewing studies that have employed nonlinear deterministic methods (coupling phase‐space reconstruction and local approximation techniques) for river flow predictions and (2) identifying nonlinear determinism (or linear stochasticity) based on the level of prediction accuracy in general, and on the prediction accuracy against the phase‐space reconstruction parameters in particular (termed as the ‘inverse approach’). The results not only provide possible indications to the presence of nonlinear determinism in the river flow series studied, but also support, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the low correlation dimensions reported for such. Therefore, nonlinear deterministic methods are a viable complement to linear stochastic ones for studying river flow dynamics, if sufficient caution is exercised in their applications and in interpreting the outcomes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

拟合推估新用——新逼近模式   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

周江文 《测绘学报》2001,30(4):286-287

作为拟合推估的新用之一，提出一种带有随机量的新逼近模式，将拟合推估的通行算法，去短取长，藉以推得良好的插值。  相似文献   

边界层内冷锋流场的动力学特征     

赵鸣 《气象学报》2001,59(3):271-279

文中求解了锋面存在时地转动量近似下的大气边界层运动方程 ,得到了边界层内冷锋流场的一些特征 ,如冷锋坡度随地转涡度增加而增加 ,随地转风速时间倾向的增加而增加 ,随沿锋面传播方向的热成风分量的减少而增加。而边界层内冷锋面上下的流场与锋面坡度、地转风及其时空变化特征有关 ,共同特点是在冷锋面高度以下有下滑运动 ,而其上有一层上滑运动区。  相似文献   

变化涡动沾性系数的Ekman动量近似模式风场结构     

何京伟  谈哲敏 《气象科学》2001,21(4):433-444

在边界层动力学中，涡动粘性系数是影响边界层风场结构的一个重要参数。本文利用边界层动力学中的Ekman动量近似理论，给出了涡动粘性系数随高度缓变条件下的Ekman动量近似边界层模式解，着重讨论了边界层的风场结构、水平散度、垂直涡度以及边界层顶部的垂直速度。结果分析表明：与常值涡动粘性系数情况相比，在边界层低层随高度增加的涡动粘性系数可以导致低层边界层风速随高度迅速增加，即风速垂直切变增加，同时风速矢与地转风之间的夹角减小。惯性项作用可以导致上述作用在气旋性区域减小、而在反气旋性区域增大。随高度增加的涡动粘性系数导致水平散度绝对值、垂直涡度绝对值以及边界层顶部的垂直速度绝对值在气旋性区域减小，而在反气性旋区域增大。涡动粘性系数与惯性之间的非线性相互作用是边界层动力学中重要过程。  相似文献