A model of the upper branch of the meridional overturning of the southern ocean     

John Marshall  Timour Radko 《Progress in Oceanography》2006,70(2-4):331

A zonal-average model of the upper branch of the meridional overturning circulation of the southern ocean is constructed and used to discuss the processes – wind, buoyancy, eddy forcing and boundary conditions – that control its strength and sense of circulation. The geometry of the thermocline ‘wedge’, set by the mapping between the vertical spacing of buoyancy surfaces (the stratification) on the equatorial flank of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and their outcrop at the sea surface, is seen to play a central role by setting the interior large-scale potential vorticity distribution. It is shown that the action of eddies mixing this potential vorticity field induces a residual flow in the meridional plane much as is observed, with upwelling of fluid around Antarctica, northward surface flow and subduction to form intermediate water. Along with this overturning circulation there is a concomitant air-sea buoyancy flux directed in to the ocean.  相似文献   

Numerical Experiments of the Influences of the Transport Variation through the Korea Strait on the Japan/East Sea Upper Layer Circulation     

Sunghyea?ParkEmail author  Moon-Sik?Suk  Hui?Soo?An 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(1):155-165

Numerical experiments were performed in order to investigate the effects of variations of the transport through the Korea/Tsushima Strait, an inlet of the Japan/East Sea, on the upper layer circulation in the JES based on a 10-month transport observation from May 1999 to March 2000 (Perkins et al., 2000). All external forcings to the model were annual mean fields, except the transport variation through the Korea Strait. In the experiments where the periodic variation of the transport repeated continuously sinusoidally by several periods, strong variability of sea surface height (SSH) was detected in the region extending from the Korea Strait to the Japanese coast due to the geostrophy of the buoyancy forcing at the Korea Strait. The region along the Korean coast is more sensitive to the long-term variations than the short-term (≤60-day period) ones. In two experiments forced by realistic and monthly mean transport, the difference of rms of sea surface height was largest at the Japanese coast and relatively large at the East Korean Warm Current separation region (128∼130°E, 39∼41°N) and to the east of Yamato Rise. The distribution of difference of eddy kinetic energy at 100 m depth between the two experiments was similar to that of the rms of SSH. In the distributions of mean SSH and mean kinetic energy at 100 m depth the realistic transport invokes eddy variability to interact with mean current resulting in the changes of the mean SSH and the mean kinetic energy at the East Korean Warm Current separation region, but it does not produce conspicuous changes in the mean fields of entire JES compared with the mean fields forced by the seasonal transport.  相似文献   

渤海冬季三维环流数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

王辉  王为民 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(4)

基于冯士笮所给出的一种浅海环流模型，采用数值方法，对渤海冬季进行环流的数值模拟，给出了冬季三维风生环流和正压环流（含潮余流）。分析了潮致Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ余流对冬季环流的贡献及黄海暖流余脉对渤海冬季环流的影响。最后对风生环流和正压环流的特征进行了分析和讨论。  相似文献   

黑潮水入侵东海陆架及陆架环流的若干现象   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15  

于非  臧家业  郭炳火  胡筱敏 《海洋科学进展》2002,20(3):21-28

利用WOCE-SVP和中国近海环流观察项目的卫星跟踪表层测流浮标资料，详细分析了黑潮及其入侵东海陆架和东海陆架上层环流的分布状况，结果表明：黑潮从台湾东部进入东海后，明显入侵陆架，并在复杂地形的作用下使其流路呈现多种变化，分析结果还显示，对马暖流不仅仅是黑潮的延续，而是多支流合成的结果，通过资料分析发现：秋节东海黑潮西侧100m等深线处可能存在一支与黑潮反向的逆流，关于它存在的季节变化和动力机制有待进一步的深入研究。  相似文献   

The tidal regime of Shark Bay, Western Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Murray C. Burling  Charitha B. Pattiaratchi  Gregory N. Ivey 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,57(5-6):725-735

A non-linear hydrodynamic model is used to describe the tidal dynamics of Shark Bay, Western Australia. The model is forced by tidal elevations generated by M₂, S₂, K₁ and O₁ constituent data at the open boundaries. The absence of suitable boundary data required a ‘calibration’ of the boundary condition against the known constituent data from within the model domain. The model provides a good match to the available field data, and allows the surface-level and current response to be resolved over the entire domain. Due to a near quarter-wave resonance of the semi-diurnal tide along the eastern Hopeless Reach, which increases the semi-diurnal tide by a factor of 2, the tidal characteristics on each of the Reaches are different: on the eastern Hopeless Reach the tides are mainly semi-diurnal while on the western Freycinet Reach the tides are mainly diurnal. The tidal range is also higher along Hopeless Reach. Tidal harmonics, generated by non-linearity, are important in the shallow regions. The tidal wave is shown to propagate as a progressive wave into the Bay. Substantial phase-lag, attenuation and dissipation occur over the Faure Sill, a major shallow region of the eastern reach of the Bay. Non-linear generation of the M₄ and MS₄ tides is also significant in this region. Depth-averaged residual currents are presented, which show a tidally generated circulation that is enhanced in regions of complex topography. Estimates of tidal dissipation indicate that although the total dissipation is small on a global scale, the areal average is comparable with the Gulf of Carpentaria and approximately one-quarter of the value estimated for the Patagonian Shelf.  相似文献   

普通黑烟囱热液系统及巨羽流形成的基本数学模型     

刘珑龙  翟世奎 《海洋学报》2006,28(6):53-60

建立了一种新的管状模型来模拟普通黑烟囱体的热液循环系统,分别用达西方程、湍流方程、Ergun方程和“浮压力差”方程来描述热液循环不同关键环节处的动力学系统,用一个温度场的对流-扩散方程来描述反应区的热能交换及系统的温度变化规律.在联立几个方程并用有效的数值算法及Matlab语言编程求解后,得出了系统中温度、压力及物质流速随时间的变化曲线,并对黑烟囱体内部的动态热平衡和压力平衡进行了分析.在普通黑烟囱体系统模型的基础上进一步建立了巨型羽状流(巨羽流)生成的数学模型.选择胡安·德富卡(Juan de Fuca)洋脊热液喷口对巨羽流的形成进行了模拟,其结果与Baker根据实测数据估算的近似值吻合很好.在上述模型的基础上进一步探讨了巨羽状流形成的一系列条件及主要参数对巨羽流生成周期、温度和最大物质流速等的影响.主要结论如下:巨羽流系统可以由普通黑烟囱系统发展演化而成,其实际过程是普通黑烟囱流系统活动所形成的热液沉积在一定程度上会堵塞热液喷溢通道(相当于形成盖层),造成热液在海底之下积蓄和升温,从而导致浮压力差增大,经过2~3 a(浮压力差达到盖层破裂极限值)则可形成巨羽流系统,巨羽流产生时的热源温度必须超过500℃,喷出热液的最高温度为413℃左右(与实际观测到的海底热液的最高温度一致).当反应区热源温度增大时,产生巨羽流的临界时间明显变短(可能不到1 a),而临界温度(巨羽流生成时的温度)及巨羽流的最大物质流速几乎不随其变化;随着渗透率的增大,巨羽流的最大物质流速也随之增大,但其增速随渗透率的进一步增大而变缓,并逐渐趋向一个相当于下渗流无摩擦阻力时的极限稳定值.  相似文献   

南海上层季节环流局部分析与验证     

邵关  王为成 《海洋测绘》2007,27(1):66-69

研究南海环流的方法很多,采用GDEM资料,运用P矢量方法,得出了南海春季、夏季局部的上层流场分布情况.通过分析并结合UCM-60超声海流计和ADCP走航式测流仪相关实测数据,初步验证了这种研究南海上层季节环流所用的数值计算方法.  相似文献   

1998年夏季季风爆发前后南海环流的多涡特征   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

许金电  李立  郭小钢  吴日升 《热带海洋学报》2001,20(1):44-51

利用南海季风实验（SCSMEX－IOP1、IOP2）期间（1998年4月底－7月初）所获得的温盐深（CTD）、声学多普勒流速剖面仪（ADCP）资料及TOPEX／POSEIDON卫星高度计遥感资料，分析了南海表层、1．0MPa层和3．0MPa层得力势异常场的分布格局，探讨了夏季季风爆发前后南海的环流特征。结果表明：在夏季季风爆发前（IOP1期间）南海北部以气旋试流动为主，并在此气旋式环流的东部镶嵌着一个较小的反气旋型涡；南海中部和南部以反气旋式流动为主，其中越南以东海域存在着两个南北对峙分布的反气旋型涡，在它们的东侧伴随一气旋型涡。季风爆发后（IPO2期间），南海北部仍然以气旋式流动为主，黑潮水越过巴士海峡南北中线，一部分可能入侵南海北部，另一部分向东北折回黑潮主干；南海中部和南部仍以反气旋式流动为主，越南以东海域北部的反气旋型涡消失，但南西的反气旋型涡加强，与IOP1类似，仍伴随着一个气旋型涡。总体而方，强流区出现在巴士海峡西北侧和南海西部（尤其是越东南东沿岸），南海东部和东南部为弱流区。  相似文献   

福建初夏(7月)旱涝特征的对比分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

许金镜  温珍治  杨林  王毅仁 《台湾海峡》2003,22(2):229-236

以全省25个代表站1960～2000年7月的降水资料和北半球500hPa高度资料、北太平洋海温的月平均资料为素材，首先标定典型旱涝年例，其次揭示降水的演变规律，最后对比分析典型旱涝年例的500hPa环流背景和海温特征，得出以下几点初步结论：1)福建初夏发生干旱年例和洪涝年例各约“十年二遇”；2)2a、5～7a、19a和9a的周期振动较为明显；3)北半球极涡偏弱(强)，乌拉尔山附近的阻塞形势较为明显(不够明显)，冷空气路径比较偏东(西)，西太平洋副高偏强(弱)偏南(北)，东亚中纬度高度场偏低(高)，太平洋中部槽加深(槽较浅)，东亚地区高、中、低纬的距平为“ - ”(“— —”)分布特征，在这环流形势的配置下，为福建初夏发生干旱(洪涝)提供有利的环流背景；4)黑潮区海温偏高(偏低)，而太平洋中东部赤道附近海域海温儡低(偏高)时，福建初夏易于发生干旱(洪涝)。  相似文献   

Study on circulation and meso-scale eddies in the South China Sea in summer of 1998     

Xu Jianping  Xue Huijie  Shi Maochong  Liu Zenghong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2002,21(4):469-481

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＲｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ’ｓｔｕｄｙｈａｓｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙｓｈｏｗｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅＳＣＳｈａｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｎｔｈｅｍｏｎｓｏｏｎｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｓａｎｄｏｎｔｈｅｆｌｏｏｄａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｇｉｏｎｏｆＣｈｉｎａ (Ｓｕｎｅｔａｌ .,1 999,Ｄｉｎｇｅｔａｌ.,1 999) .ＴｈｅｍｏｎｓｏｏｎｏｎｓｅｔｉｎｅｖｉｔａｂｌｙｃａｕｓｅｓｔｈｅａｄｊｕｓｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅＳＣＳｃｉｒｃｕｌａ ｔｉｏｎ ,ａｎｄｉｎｔｕｒｎ ,ｔｈ…  相似文献