Foreword     

George W. Housner 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(2):I0001-I0001

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.  相似文献   

Modelling the biogeochemistry of a tidal flat ecosystem with EcoTiM     

Cora?KohlmeierEmail author  Wolfgang?Ebenh?h 《Ocean Dynamics》2009,59(2):393-415

The ecological tidal model simulates the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, and silicate and describes the tidal, diurnal, and annual dynamics of the back barrier area of the island Spiekeroog in the German Bight. The region is characterized by strong tidal currents and extensive tidal flats. It is strongly influenced by the conditions in the southern part of the German Bight. This model study investigates the dependence of the model behavior on the boundary conditions and the forcing. The effect of short- and long-term sea level rise on nutrient and plankton dynamics is analyzed. As the model is set up as semi-Lagrangian with only a coarse approximation of the hydrodynamics, the seasonal and intratidal variability in the biogeochemical cycling can only be reproduced qualitatively. By varying the boundary conditions, the intrinsic dynamics of the back barrier area can be separated from boundary condition effects. This study shows that any agreement between model results and field data cannot be expected without correct boundary conditions. The seasonal variability is of major importance, while higher-frequency variability only plays a minor role.  相似文献   

四川石棉田湾金矿床韧性剪切构造带地球化学障的成矿意义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

胡明安  章传玲 《地质科技情报》2000,19(2):33-36

康定－石棉－冕宁韧性剪切带在其成生演化过程中,产生大量剪切构造及次级断裂,造成扩张空间。在这些剪切带扩张空间内,由于化学的、物理的及生物化学条件发生突变,导致热液的地球化学平衡被破坏,促使自然金沉淀析出,并聚集在剪切带内构成矿床。剪切带不仅是含金热液迁移的通道,而且也是发生成矿作用的有利空间和成矿物质沉淀富集的理想场所,是一种具有重要成矿意义的地球化学障。  相似文献   

复膜沙袋阻沙体与芦苇高立式方格沙障防沙机理风洞模拟实验   总被引：27，自引：10，他引：17  

韩致文  刘贤万  姚正义  邵国胜 《中国沙漠》2000,20(1):40-44

模型按1:10比例尺设计,在u_∞=7.0 m·s^-1、u_∞=10.0 m·s^-1和u_∞=15.0 m·s^-1实验风速下,先在纯气流作用下测定流场结构,然后在风沙流作用下测定蚀积状况。实验结果表明:紧密型、疏透型和通风型3种不同结构的复膜沙袋阻沙体前近处分布有拐角阻滞绕流区、阻沙体顶下方抬升加速区、阻沙体后回流区、阻沙体后贴地层低速回流区等流场特征结构,紧密型、疏透型两种类型复膜沙袋阻沙体防风阻沙效果显著;2.5 m×2.5 m、5 m×5 m和10 m×10 m的高立式芦苇方格前沿流速逐渐增大,最大值出现于迎风第一格上空,而后逐渐阻滞减速,至15~20 m处趋于稳定,区内积沙均匀。复膜沙袋阻沙体与原状芦苇高立式方格沙障适宜于流动性沙漠地区各种设施的沙害防治工程。  相似文献   

南海中部海域障碍层特征及其形成机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

潘爱军  万小芳  许金电  郭小钢  吴日升 《海洋学报》2006,28(5):35-43

南海中部海域(10°~19°N,108°~122°E)存在显著的季节变化的障碍层.障碍层发生概率夏季最大(52.8%),秋季次之(41.0%),春季最小(10.5%).夏季(2000年8~9月)障碍层最显著,平均厚度约为14.2m;除114°E以东、吕宋岛以西海域为障碍层的多发区外,中南半岛东南海域(12°~14°N,110°~114°E)也存在显著的障碍层;春季(1998年4~6月)和秋季(1998年12月)障碍层平均厚度分别为6.8和11.2m,障碍层多位于114°E以东、吕宋岛以西海域.此外,吕宋岛以西海域(12°~16°N,116°~120°E)及中沙和西沙群岛附近(16°~18°N,110°~116°E)海域障碍层年发生几率超过20%,相对而言,其他海域障碍层年发生几率偏小.降水机制和层结机制分别是南海中部海域春、夏季和秋季障碍层形成的主要原因.其中,降水机制及东南向的Ekman平流较好的解释了春、夏季吕宋岛以西附近海域成为障碍层多发区的原因;此外,强降水是夏季中南半岛东南海域(12°~14°N,110°~114°E)障碍层产生的关键,反气旋涡(暖涡)有助于形成更强的障碍层,上升流对障碍层的影响有待进一步研究.  相似文献   

基于蓝牙定位的老年人室内跌倒监护系统设计     

赵帅豪  王坚 《北京测绘》2020,(3):333-337

随着全球老龄化的加剧,老年人口的增多,老年人的健康监护已经成为了重要的社会问题。因身体机能的下降,老年人发生跌倒的概率非常高,而老年人一天中大约90%的时间是处于室内,针对老年人室内意外跌倒的医护救治,设计了一款基于蓝牙定位的老年人室内跌倒监护系统。该系统通过集成的传感器采集加速度、角速度、室内位置、人体生理信息等数据,并通过计算分析实现了跌倒监测报警功能。  相似文献   

赤道东印度洋和孟加拉湾障碍层厚度的年际变化及其影响机制     

马天  程旭华  齐义泉  陈佳佳 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(7):19-31

Interannual variability(IAV) in the barrier layer thickness(BLT) and forcing mechanisms in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean(EEIO) and Bay of Bengal(BoB) are examined using monthly Argo data sets during 2002–2017. The BLT during November–January(NDJ) in the EEIO shows strong IAV, which is associated with the Indian Ocean dipole mode(IOD), with the IOD leading the BLT by two months. During the negative IOD phase, the westerly wind anomalies driving the downwelling Kelvin waves increase the isothermal layer depth(ILD). Moreover, the variability in the mixed layer depth(MLD) is complex. Affected by the Wyrtki jet, the MLD presents negative anomalies west of 85°E and strong positive anomalies between 85°E and 93°E. Therefore, the BLT shows positive anomalies except between 86°E and 92°E in the EEIO. Additionally, the IAV in the BLT during December–February(DJF) in the BoB is also investigated. In the eastern and northeastern BoB, the IAV in the BLT is remotely forced by equatorial zonal wind stress anomalies associated with the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). In the western BoB, the regional surface wind forcing-related ENSO modulates the BLT variations.  相似文献   

赤道东印度洋和孟加拉湾障碍层厚度的季节内和准半年变化     

马天  齐义泉  程旭华 《热带海洋学报》2019,38(5):18-31

利用2002—2015年ARGO网格化的温度、盐度数据, 结合卫星资料揭示了赤道东印度洋和孟加拉湾障碍层厚度的季节内和准半年变化特征, 探讨了其变化机制。结果表明, 障碍层厚度变化的两个高值区域出现在赤道东印度洋和孟加拉湾北部。在赤道区域, 障碍层同时受到等温层和混合层变化的影响, 5—7月和11—1月受西风驱动, Wyrtki急流携带阿拉伯海的高盐水与表层的淡水形成盐度层结, 同时西风驱动的下沉Kelvin波加深了等温层, 混合层与等温层分离, 障碍层形成。在湾内, 充沛的降雨和径流带来的大量淡水产生很强的盐度层结, 混合层全年都非常浅, 障碍层季节内变化和准半年变化主要受等温层深度变化的影响。上述两个区域障碍层变化存在关联, 季节内和准半年周期的赤道纬向风驱动的波动过程是它们存在联系的根本原因。赤道东印度洋地区的西风(东风)强迫出向东传的下沉(上升)的Kelvin波, 在苏门答腊岛西岸转变为沿岸Kelvin波向北传到孟加拉湾的东边界和北边界, 并且在缅甸的伊洛瓦底江三角洲顶部(95°E, 16°N)激发出向西的Rossby波, 造成湾内等温层深度的正(负)异常, 波动传播的速度决定了湾内的变化过程滞后于赤道区域1~2个月。  相似文献   

Parameter analysis for gate metal—oxide—semiconductor structures of ion-implanted 4H silicon carbide metal—semiconductor field-effect transistors     

王守国  张义门  张玉明 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)

From the theoretical analysis of the thermionic emission model of current--voltage characteristics, this paper extracts the parameters for the gate Schottky contact of two ion-implanted 4H-SiC metal--semiconductor field-effect transistors (sample A and sample B for three and four times multiple ion-implantation channel region respectively) fabricated in the experiment, including the ideality factor, the series resistance, the zero-field barrier height, the interface oxide capacitance, the interface state density distribution, the neutral level of interface states and the fixed space charge density. The methods to improve the interface of the ion-implanted Schottky contact are given at last.  相似文献   

水力插板在海港工程中的应用     

刘爱霞  何富荣 《海岸工程》2010,29(3):74-78

水力插板技术具有安全稳定性高、施工速度快等优点,经过长期的现场试验逐步形成了水力插板与抛石防护相结合这样一种工程建设模式,将此项技术应用到海港工程中具有其特殊优势,值得推广应用。  相似文献