四川万州中侏罗统上沙溪庙组粘土岩中火山灰的岩矿和地球化学证据   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张超  马昌前  佘振兵  殷坤龙 《高校地质学报》2005,11(3):415-424

四川盆地东北缘万州地区中侏罗世上沙溪庙组产出稳定层状浅色粘土岩。利用X射线、X荧光光谱、等离子光谱（ICP）等方法对矿物成分、常量、微量和稀土元素进行了测试分析,粘土岩主要矿物为蒙脱石、伊利石和绿泥石。通过与澳大利亚后太古代平均页岩（PAAS）、北美平均页岩（NASC）、地壳粘土岩背景值以及其它具有代表性岩石的对比发现,本区粘土岩微量元素具有明显的低V,低Ti和低铁族元素的特点,高Al2O3／TiO2比值和低Ti／Th比值特征显著,某些层位具有明显的Eu负异常。推断本区粘土岩沉积物源具有火山灰和陆源碎屑的二元混合成因,各层位成分的差异显示了不同沉积时间内二者的混合比例发生变化。区域对比和地球化学资料显示火山灰可能来自于西部600km远的特提斯洋岛弧火山。  相似文献   

大掺量粉煤灰淤泥固化土的强度与耐久性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王东星  徐卫亚 《岩土力学》2012,33(12):3659-3664

基于传统水泥和石灰固化处理方法,提出了利用大掺量低钙粉煤灰、水泥和石灰固化剂进行淤泥固化处理的方法,以期改善淤泥的强度和耐久性,达到淤泥和粉煤灰双重资源化利用的目的。通过一系列室内试验,探讨了该方法处理后固化淤泥的击实特征、强度特性、水稳性和耐久性。试验结果表明：淤泥固化后最优含水率有所降低、最大干密度则略有增加;弹性模量、无侧限抗压强度和抗拉强度均有不同程度的增加,水泥掺量越大,养护时间越长,强度和弹性模量越大;固化后淤泥水稳性得到明显改善;浸水软化和冻融循环导致固化土抗压强度显著劣化,冻胀融缩导致设计混合料的无侧限抗压强度减小约22%。  相似文献   

Utilization of sodium waterglass from sugar cane bagasse ash as a new alternative hardener for producing metakaolin-based geopolymer cement     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2017,77(2):257-266

Sugar cane bagasse ash from SOSUCAM company in Cameroon was used to synthesize sodium waterglass as a new alternative hardener. The new hardener was used to prepare metakaolin-based geopolymer cements. The compressive strength of the resulting geopolymer cement cured at room temperature for 28 days was 32.9 MPa. Samples soaked for 28 days in water in parallel experiments revealed a strength of 31.4 MPa. This shows that exposure of water does not lead to any weakening. The value of water absorption was 7.1% in the water-soaked cements, indicating the presence of fewer pores and voids than in the dry cements. However, in SEM micrographs, the microstructure of geopolymer cement appears rather homogeneous and compact without any change by water soaking. It can thus be concluded that sodium waterglass from sugar cane bagasse ash can be used as an alternative hardener or reactive ingredient for producing geopolymer cement with a high degree of cross-linking geopolymer framework. The use of this low-value silica-rich waste for producing sodium waterglass results in environmental benefits including a significant reduction of CO₂ emission and energy consumption compared to the production of commercial sodium waterglass.  相似文献   

Characteristics of phosphate adsorption onto granulated coal ash in seawater   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Satoshi Asaoka  Tamiji Yamamoto 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(8):1188-1192

The deterioration of sediments is a serious environmental problem. Controlling nutrient release fluxes from sediments is important to alleviating eutrophication and to reducing terrigenous nutrient loads. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phosphate removal performance of granulated coal ash (GCA) from seawater, which is produced from coal thermal electric power generation. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the removal kinetics of phosphate from seawater under both oxic and anoxic conditions. Phosphate was removed well from seawater under both oxic and anoxic conditions. The adsorption isotherm for phosphate revealed that GCA could remove phosphate effectively from seawater above a concentration of 1.7 μmol L⁻¹. GCA can reduce the concentration of phosphate in seawater effectively under anoxic conditions where iron type adsorbents cannot be applied. Therefore, GCA could potentially be used to adsorb phosphate in the organically-enriched sediment, which generally occurs under highly reductive conditions.  相似文献   

长白山地区火山碎屑粒度特征研究   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

赵波  许建东  于红梅 《地震地质》2010,32(2):233

长白山地区全新世火山活动活跃,发育了良好的火山空降、火山碎屑流、火山涌流和火山泥石流堆积物。这些堆积物交错堆积,野外区分较为困难。在火山碎屑地层剖面调查基础上,系统采集了各种类型的火山碎屑堆积物样品。在实验室通过粒度参数和概率累积曲线分析,对堆积物成因类型进行了判别,讨论了火山空降堆积物和火山碎屑流堆积物随着与火口距离变化的规律。首次对研究区内粒度范围为62.5～0.02μm的细火山灰进行了粒度分析,对火山碎屑流和火山碎屑涌流中细火山灰端元分布特征和地质意义进行了分析和讨论  相似文献   

Liquefaction behaviour of loose and compacted pond ash     

Ravi S. Jakka  Manoj Datta  G.V. Ramana 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010

Most of the ash produced all over the world is primarily disposed off by wet disposal method onto the ash ponds, which are occupying huge valuable lands. This disposal problem can be minimized by utilizing ash in large geotechnical earthworks. However, its use in earthquake prone areas requires thorough understanding of its liquefaction resistance and nature of development of excess pore pressures under dynamic loading conditions. Investigations have been carried out in this paper on the liquefaction behaviour of pond ash by conducting cyclic triaxial tests on inflow and outflow ash samples collected from two different ash ponds. Distinctly different liquefaction phenomenon was observed for the ash samples from inflow and outflow points of the same ash pond. Inflow samples exhibited higher cyclic resistance than outflow samples and their strengths were comparable with the natural sands. Further studies revealed that the influence of various factors on liquefaction susceptibility of both the types of ashes is similar to that of natural sands.  相似文献   

橡胶颗粒改良粉煤灰土的动力特性试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李长雨  刘寒冰  魏海斌 《岩土力学》2011,32(7):2025-2028

对橡胶颗粒改良粉煤灰土的动强度、动模量、黏聚力和内摩擦角进行了动三轴试验研究,并将试验结果与粉煤灰土的动力特性加以对比,分析表明：粉煤灰土及橡胶颗粒改良粉煤灰土在同一围压下动强度均随破坏周数的增加而减小;在同一破坏周数下动强度随着围压的增加而增加;粉煤灰土的黏聚力为203.73 kPa,内摩擦角为11°;橡胶颗粒改良粉煤灰土的黏聚力为227.26 kPa,内摩擦角为17°,橡胶颗粒改良粉煤灰土的黏聚力增大了23.53 kPa,提高了11.55%;粉煤灰土的初始切线模量及平均动模量高于橡胶颗粒改良粉煤灰土的初始切线模量及平均动模量。研究表明,橡胶颗粒改良后的粉煤灰土具有动强度高、黏聚力和内摩擦角大的特点,从而说明橡胶颗粒改良后的粉煤灰土可以作为季冻区路基冷阻层材料  相似文献   

基于改进果蝇算法的非线性模型参数估计方法     

范千 《大地测量与地球动力学》2016,36(12):1092-1096

在对基本果蝇优化算法的寻优流程进行深入分析的基础上,提出一种单方向搜索处理的改进果蝇优化算法（IFOA）。该方法可以对极值点为非零非负的非线性函数进行优化处理,将其应用于非线性模型参数估计。实例表明,IFOA方法在参数估计精度上优于线性近似法与非线性迭代方法;与以遗传算法为代表的智能搜索方法相比,其估计精度相当,并具有参数设置少、寻优过程简单、易于程序实现等优点。  相似文献   

水泥-粉煤灰浆液在水电站隧洞灌浆中的应用     

刘华  王勇  杜林  黄芬 《探矿工程》2012,39(4):76-79

针对三叉水电站引水隧洞Ⅳ标段围岩地质条件,详细分析了水泥-粉煤灰浆液在该工程引水隧洞灌浆中的应用情况。从应用情况综合分析可以得出,隧洞灌浆采用水泥-粉煤灰浆液是可行的,完全能满足设计要求,在保证灌浆质量的前提下,可以降低部分施工成本,具有较好的推广应用价值。  相似文献   

The chemical composition including the Rare Earth Elements of the three major glass types of Europe and the Orient used in late antiquity and the Middle Ages     

Karl Hans Wedepohl  Klaus Simon  Andreas Kronz 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2011,71(3):289-296

Sets of 20 soda ash glasses, 16 soda lime glasses and 23 wood ash glasses mainly from excavations in Europe (additional soda ash glasses from Egypt) were analysed on 61 chemical elements. Average SiO₂ is about 62% in soda glasses and 50% in wood ash glasses. The three groups of glasses contain on average 13% Na₂O, 18% Na₂O and 13% K₂O as fluxes to lower the melting temperature of quartz at their production. The starting materials beside quartz were halophytic plant ash for soda ash glass, trona (Na₃H(CO₃)₂·2H₂O) and lime (clamshells) for soda lime glass and beech ash for wood ash glass. Each of the three major glass types contains specific Rare Earth Element (REE) concentrations mainly contained in quartz and its intergrown minerals. 50 Paleozoic and Mesozoic sandstones from Central Europe represent the quartz composition. The REE pattern of these glasses apparently indicates major compositional stages of the Continental Earth's Crust. The boron to lithium and sodium to potassium ratios as in seawater suggest reactions of materials for soda glass with seawater. Negative Ce anomalies in the three glasses are caused by reactions of quartz with seawater.  相似文献