Fine-grained landuse characterization using ground-based pictures: a deep learning solution based on globally available data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shivangi Srivastava  John E. Vargas Muñoz  Sylvain Lobry  Devis Tuia 《International journal of geographical information science》2020,34(6):1117-1136

ABSTRACT

We study the problem of landuse characterization at the urban-object level using deep learning algorithms. Traditionally, this task is performed by surveys or manual photo interpretation, which are expensive and difficult to update regularly. We seek to characterize usages at the single object level and to differentiate classes such as educational institutes, hospitals and religious places by visual cues contained in side-view pictures from Google Street View (GSV). These pictures provide geo-referenced information not only about the material composition of the objects but also about their actual usage, which otherwise is difficult to capture using other classical sources of data such as aerial imagery. Since the GSV database is regularly updated, this allows to consequently update the landuse maps, at lower costs than those of authoritative surveys. Because every urban-object is imaged from a number of viewpoints with street-level pictures, we propose a deep-learning based architecture that accepts arbitrary number of GSV pictures to predict the fine-grained landuse classes at the object level. These classes are taken from OpenStreetMap. A quantitative evaluation of the area of Île-de-France, France shows that our model outperforms other deep learning-based methods, making it a suitable alternative to manual landuse characterization.  相似文献   

利用亮温资料建立降水临近预报方法的研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张泽娇  牛生杰  丁辉 《大气科学学报》2015,38(2):241-248

通过对太湖地区2009年1—4月TP/WVP-3000型微波辐射计的亮温连续观测资料进行分析,建立降水临近预报方法。结果表明,降水开始前4 h,微波辐射计有7个通道的1级亮温资料存在明显的增长趋势。利用降水个例与无降水个例亮温差值最大、降水个例与无降水个例亮温标准偏差差值最大两个标准,选择合适的通道进行降水临近预报。通过计算得到,第1通道的亮温差值最大,而第5、6通道的亮温标准偏差差值最大,因此可分别将第1、第5和第6通道的亮温观测值作为预报因子。根据判别分析方法,分别在降雨前15 min及前30~330 min(时间间隔为30 min)建立12个预报方程,并通过自身验证对每个时间点预报的准确率进行检验,最后选择降雨前90 min的判别方程用于预报,其预报准确率为87%,空报率为24%,漏报率为13%。  相似文献   

云微物理参数的地基探测反演研究综述   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

程周杰  王洪芳  白洁 《气象科技》2007,35(1):9-14

云相态、云滴谱分布和云液态水含量作为重要的云微物理参数,对气候变化、天气变化、人工影响天气和飞行安全等很多方面都有着重要的影响。云微物理参数的研究已是国际气象学研究领域中的热点之一,而在国内这方面的研究较少。简要论述了地基方法在云微物理学研究的优越性,扼要总结了国内外地基探测技术的发展现状,重点概括了云相态、云滴谱和云液态水3个参数的地基反演算法,并予以评价,展望了未来发展趋势,为国内云微物理研究提供了参考与借鉴。  相似文献   

地基傅立叶红外高光谱遥感观测大气成分平台建设及其反演技术研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张兴赢  张鹏  廖宏  胡秀清  李元  张立军  戎志国  邱红 《气象》2009,35(1):9-17

利用国际大气成分地基观测网络(NDACC)通用的德国BRUKER公司生产的傅立叶红外(FTIR)高分辨率地基光谱仪器IFS 120M,在国家卫星中心建立了地基高光谱观测平台,进行高光谱数据获取及其反演技术初步研究.阐述了地基高光谱观测平台的建设,高光谱仪器的调试和观测参数化研究结果,并且阐述了光谱的预处理和定标研究,利用地基高光谱在可见光波段的观测结果,进行了气溶胶光学厚度反演技术的初步研究.  相似文献   

华北地区地基GPS水汽反演中加权平均温度模型研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李国翠  李国平  杜成华  苗志成 《南京气象学院学报》2009,32(1):80-86

运用几种不同的加权平均温度的算法,计算了华北地区张家口、北京和邢台的加权平均温度。结果表明,对于华北地区而言,常规的计算模型普遍存在一定的系统误差。在对加权平均温度与地面各气象要素的关系分析基础上,分别建立了华北地区基于地面气象要素的单因子和多因子回归方程,较好地满足了GPS遥感水汽总量实时性和高精度的要求。  相似文献   

中国4个地点地基与卫星臭氧总量长期观测比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

郑向东  韦小丽 《应用气象学报》2010,21(1):1-10

对我国河北香河、云南昆明、青海瓦里关及黑龙江龙凤山地基观测臭氧总量与不同时期、不同卫星反演的产品差别特点进行比较,评估地基和卫星观测臭氧总量数据的质量信息以及近30年来我国不同区域臭氧总量的变化趋势特征。结果表明:4个站点的地基与卫星观测臭氧总量的绝对和相对差别分别为-5~10 DU和-5%~4%;日平均相对差别基本上呈现随机分布特征。TOMS算法反演的卫星臭氧总量与地基差别总体上要优于与DOAS算法反演的同期产品。地基与卫星臭氧总量差别呈明显的区域特点,可能反映了卫星反演计算中所需的臭氧、温度垂直分布等初始条件的纬度分布差异对卫星产品精度的影响。在过去30年,4个站点的臭氧总量在经历1993年前的显著降低后于1995—1996年逐渐回升,而瓦里关站在2001年前后的回升更为明显。  相似文献   

地基微波辐射计网络资料处理系统设计及实现   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郭伟  王振会  孙安平  胡方超  楚志刚  潘旭光 《气象》2010,36(4):120-125

青海省三江源自然保护区项目利用三台地基微波辐射计(12～20通道)用于人工增雨工程,为了有助于在增雨作业过程中快速、直观、准确掌握整个区域内天气状况,设计了微波辐射计网络资料处理系统。整个系统包括观测站以及中心站数据库设计、观测数据上传和入库以及用户查询显示终端程序。该系统的建立采用结构化程序设计,方便后续功能扩展,用DELPHI 7作为应用程序的开发工具,用Microsoft SQL 2000做数据库,已实现数据格式转换、数据资料的实时传输、自动入库、原始数据及气象产品的查询、输出及单站产品多方式显示等功能。经过半年多软件测试实验,系统整体运行良好。  相似文献   

Intercomparison campaign of vertical ozone profiles including electrochemical sondes of ECC and Brewer-Mast type and a ground based UV-differential absorption lidar     

M. Beekmann  G. Ancellet  G. Mégie  H. G. J. Smit  D. Kley 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1994,19(3):259-288

An intercomparison campaign was conducted at the Observatoire de Haute Provence (OHP) in Southern France in September 1989 in order to compare the three instruments used for vertical tropospheric ozone profiling in the European TOR (Tropospheric Ozone Research Project) network: balloon borne ECC and Brewer-Mast sondes and a ground based UV-DIAL (DifferentialAbsorptionLidar). Additionally, a stratospheric lidar system and the Dobson spectrophotometer of the OHP were operated. Seven simultaneously measured vertical ozone profiles gave evidence for systematic differences of 15% between both types of electrochemical sondes in the troposphere, the Brewer-Mast sondes reading the smaller ozone values. These differences might be explained on the one hand by a possible contamination of the ozone sensor with reducing substances, causing a negative bias mainly for Brewer-Mast sondes and, on the other hand, by the evolution of the sonde background current during the flight, causing a positive bias for ECC sondes and a negative bias for Brewer-Mast sondes. The tropospheric lidar system, measuring the vertical ozone distribution between 6 and 12–15 km, showed ozone concentrations intermediate between the sonde results. This is in good agreement with its estimated systematic error of better than 7% in the upper troposphere. In the stratosphere, the differences between electrochemical sondes and the lidar are between 5 and 10% before the normalisation with the total ozone values measured by the Dobson spectrophotometer, and always below 5% after. While the Dobson normalisation thus corrects rather well the stratospheric part of the sonde profile, it only partially reduces errors occurring in the troposphere.  相似文献   

SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS ON OBSERVATIONAL ERRORS OF CLOUD INTENSITY AND STRUCTURE WITH TRMM PR AND GROUND-BASED RADAR^*          下载免费PDF全文

LIU Liping 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2003,17(3):376-384

In order to explain theoretically the observational biases of reflectivity and structure of precipitation systems by TRMM Precipitation Radar (TRMM PR) and ground-based radar,the effects of wavelengths,incident direction of radar waves and radar beam width on the reflectivity observation are simulated.The results show that the error due to the different wavelength and incident direction of radar wave is within 2.0 dB,TRMM PR can observe a larger reflectivity than ground-based radar in echo center.TRMM PR smoothes the cloud structure,overestimates and underestimates reflectivity by 3-5 dB in strong and week echo areas,respectively.Beam width and long distance from TRMM PR to target cause it to overestimate the large echo area and area integrated rainfall amount,and to underestimate the averaged refleetivity.The theoretical results above can only explain part of observational facts,meaning that the comparison of observation results between TRMM PR and ground-based radar is complicated,the attenuation of radar wave within precipitation area is the main factor to affect the observed result.  相似文献   

由地基遥感资料确定大气边界层特征   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

洪钟祥  钱敏伟  胡非 《大气科学》1998,22(4):613-624

中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室拥有用于边界层垂直结构探测的相控阵声雷达（PA2）、低层大气廓线仪（LAP-3000）以及无线电声雷达（RASS）。本文研究如何利用这些设备获取的遥感观测资料,确定边界层湍流热通量的垂直分布、地面热通量以及边界层高度等问题。  相似文献