椒江河口浮泥的分布和调整   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

李炎  夏小明  董礼先 《海洋学报》1998,20(4):72-82

应用光学和声学泥沙剖面监测系统,进行1991、1994和1995年3个航次的椒江河口最大混浊带纵横剖面和时间剖面观测.在受控于潮流和径流对比条件的周期性调整基础上,椒江河口浮泥层还表现出非主流聚集趋向和洼地聚集趋向,促使最大混浊带保持对边界条件十分敏感的泥沙储库.  相似文献   

直立堤前海床的局部冲刷   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵子丹  薛晓春 《海洋学报》1998,20(5):136-141

对不规则波作用下直立堤前海床的局部冲刷进行了研究。研究了由于波浪作用导致床面的底沙运动,从而造成提前海床的局部冲刷,即所谓的“相对粒沙”的情况。报导了;(1)堤前海床面为水平、堤下无基床情况下的堤前局部冲刷,以及堤下有明基床时基床尺度对堤前局部冲刷的影响;(2)堤前海床面为斜坡面时堤前的局部冲刷,以及当堤下有明基床时基床尺度对堤前局部冲刷的影响;(3)从波浪作用下床面边界层的理论分析出发,对于在不规则波作用下,离堤面愈远处的冲刷坑深度愈小的事实给出了解释。  相似文献   

An analysis of horizontal dispersion due to the drift current with an Ekman layer     

Hidekazu Yasuda 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(2):151-164

An analytical method for describing horizontal matter dispersion in shear currents is presented using a tensor expression from the point of view that matter dispersion due to the shear effect should be one of the principal mixing dilution processes. Although the behavior of horizontal dispersion is considerably more complicated than common longitudinal dispersion, the present study elucidates the vertical structure of dispersion and the dispersing process from the initial to the stationary stage, besides the usual depth-averaged dispersion coefficient at the stationary stage. As one of the typical applications of horizontal dispersion, dispersion due to the pure drift current with an Ekman layer is examined theoretically using the present method. This examination reveals that the displacement of the centroid and the major axis of dispersion are twisted in the vertical direction more than the direction of the current vector forming the Ekman spiral; that the variance increases in proportion to the third power of the elapsed time; and that the dispersion coefficient at the stationary stage remains constant, independent of the depth normalized by an Ekman layer thickness. Such dependence of the dispersion coefficient in the steady current is shown to be different from that in the oscillatory current, which is inversely proportional to the depth normalized by a Stokes layer thickness. This is considered to be induced by the difference of the vertical profiles of the first order moment in both currents, that is, the shear region of the first order moment is restricted around the floor by the alternation of the current shear in the oscillatory current while it is diffused in the whole depth in the steady current.  相似文献   

Chlorophyll biomass off Sanriku, northwestern Pacific, estimated by Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (OCTS) and a vertical distribution model   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Takuhiko Kameda  Satsuki Matsumura 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(5):509-516

To estimate chlorophyll biomass from satellite-derived data, we established an empirical model for the estimation of the chlorophyll vertical profile as a function of surface chlorophyll for four separate regions of the Sanriku area, using algorithms based upon ship observations from 1986 to 1995. The modeled profiles compared well with observations during the Sanriku Field Campaign. Chlorophyll biomass in the Sanriku Area estimated by a combination of OCTS data and the model varied from 2.6×10⁴ t in the Oyashio water to 8.2×10³ t in the Kuroshio water.  相似文献   

Net Zooplankton and the biological pump off Sanriku, Japan     

Satoru Taguchi  Toshiro Saino 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(5):573-582

Taxonomic composition, size composition, standing stock, and chemical composition of mesozooplankton were determined to examine the contribution of their fecal pellets to the vertical flux of organic carbon at the outside, the edge, and the center of the warm core ring. The warm core ring significantly affects not only their taxonomic composition and size composition but also their standing stock and chemical composition. The zooplankton at the center of the warm core ring was characterized by the absence of carnivores at the top of the size-trophic relation and filter feeding planktonic tunicates at the bottom. Zooplankton carbon biomass at the outside of the ring was one-third less than that at the center of the ring. The vertical flux of fecal pellets obtained from the pellet volume (12.3 mgC m⁻²d⁻¹) contributed 19 to 96% of the flux (13 to 64 mgC m⁻² d⁻¹) estimated from the body carbon and the fecal pellet production rate. The estimated flux of fecal pellets was 6 to 27% of vertical carbon flux (236 mgC m⁻²d⁻¹) determined by the sediment traps. Microscopic determination of fecal pellets and plankton in the sediment trap samples indicated high grazing activity during the sinking process. Those observations might suggest that particles other than fecal pellets contributed significantly to the vertical carbon flux and fecal pellets were settled directly without loss or being recycled within the surface mixed layer.  相似文献   

呼和浩特地区一次强沙尘暴天气分析     

韩仙桃  赵艳丽  杨彩云  杜文娟  王阿美 《内蒙古气象》2011,(1):10-12

通过对2008年5月28—29日呼和浩特大部地区出现的沙尘暴天气进行分析得出:此次沙尘暴是由高空冷涡配合地面蒙古气旋形成的;沙尘主要源于蒙古国西部、南部,在高空锋区的作用下,由冷涡旋转携带而至;大气低层干燥的空气和较强的垂直上升运动为沙尘卷入空中提供了条件;较强的斜压作用出现在低层,这对于有效位能的释放、动能的产生以及气旋的发展有重要作用,同时斜压强迫使动量下传,从而形成强风,触发了沙尘暴;此次沙尘暴主要产生于冷锋附近及其后部。  相似文献   

中国东部含金矽卡岩矿床分布规律 与深部地球物理背景研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

① 《物探与化探》1999,23(6):415-420

在收集整理中国大陆上十几条地学断面、数十条地震剖面、大地电磁剖面、地壳上地幔剪切波资料的基础上,对含金矽卡岩矿床的深部地球物理背景进行了深入的研究,作者认为岩石圈剪切带是控制含金矽卡岩矿床的最主要的深部地球物理背景条件。壳内低速高导层因与地幔流体分布有关,同样对含金矽卡岩矿床有控制作用、大（ 深） 断裂带的交汇部位控制着与矿有关的中酸性侵入岩浆,可以利用这些因素的共同制约作用进一步圈定含金矽卡岩矿床和铜伴生金矽卡岩矿床分布的远景预测区。  相似文献   

Remarks on the Definition and Estimation of Friction Velocity   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Rudolf O. Weber 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1999,93(2):197-209

One of the mainscaling parameters in similarity theory of the atmospheric boundary layer is friction velocity. Unfortunately, several definitions of friction velocity exist in the literature. Some authors use the component of the horizontal Reynolds stress vector in the direction of the mean wind vector to define friction velocity. Others define the friction velocity by means of the absolute value of the horizontal Reynolds stress vector. The two definitions coincide only if the direction of the mean wind vector is parallel to the horizontal Reynolds stress vector. In general, the second definition gives larger values for the friction velocity. Over complex terrain the situation is further complicated by the fact that the terrain following flow is not necessarily horizontal. Thus, several authors have proposed to use terrain following coordinate systems for the definition of friction velocity. By means of a large dataset of fast-response wind measurements with an ultrasonic anemometer the friction velocities resulting from the different definitions are compared. Furthermore, it is shown that friction velocity can be well estimated from horizontal wind speed, and even better from simple horizontal or vertical turbulence parameters.  相似文献   

A Note on the Flux-Variance Similarity Relationships for Heat and Water Vapour in the Unstable Atmospheric Surface Layer   总被引：12，自引：11，他引：1  

Gabriel G. Katul  Cheng-I Hsieh 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1999,90(2):327-338

Atmospheric surface layer (ASL) experiments over the past 10 years demonstrate that the flux-variance similarity functions for water vapour are consistently larger in magnitude than their temperature counterpart. In addition, latent heat flux calculations using the flux-variance method do not compare as favorably to eddy- correlation measurements when compared to their sensible heat counterpart. These two findings, in concert with measured heat to water vapour transport efficiencies in excess of unity, are commonly used as evidence of dissimilarity between heat and water vapour transport in the unstable atmospheric surface layer. In this note, it is demonstrated that even if near equality in flux-profile similarity functions for heat and water vapour is satisfied, the flux-variance similarity functions for water vapour are larger in magnitude than temperature for a planar, homogeneous, unstably-stratified turbulent boundary-layer flow.  相似文献   

降雨年际气候变化的非线性动力统计模拟预测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

严华生  曹杰  谢应齐  季崇萍  郭世昌 《气象学报》1999,57(4):502-508

文中应用非线性动力统计方法来模拟降水年际气候变化。经过对中国４２ 个测点近百年降雨变化的模拟预测检验,取得了较好的效果,并得出了一些有意义的结论。关键词：非线性,动力统计,模拟预测。  相似文献