涪陵页岩气田水基钻井液技术          下载免费PDF全文

孙东营  王武斌  杜明军  毛世发  万朝阳  商峰 《探矿工程》2016,43(7):19-23

涪陵页岩气田属川东南地区川东高陡褶皱带包鸾-焦石坝背斜带焦石坝构造,主要开发上奥陶系五峰组—下志留系龙马溪组页岩气层,岩性主要为灰岩、泥岩、页岩,钻井施工中易漏、易塌、易喷。井型为三开结构水平井,一开、二开采用水基钻井液体系。通过技术研究,确立了以氯化钾、聚胺页岩抑制剂等为主剂的水基钻井液体系,形成了适合涪陵页岩气田勘探开发的浅层气预防、井壁稳定、降摩减扭、防漏堵漏等系列水基钻井液技术,较好地满足了钻井施工要求。  相似文献   

高效桥塞堵漏技术在川西马井构造的应用          下载免费PDF全文

王方博  王兴忠  龚德章 《探矿工程》2016,43(8):6-10

川西马井构造上部地层裂隙发育,地层承压能力低,布井密集,钻井时易与邻井气层窜通,发生漏失,甚至造成复杂型井漏。虽然常规桥塞堵漏亦能堵漏成功,但由于地层承压能力低而易发生复漏和反吐,堵漏一次成功率低。为提高堵漏效果和一次成功率,在原有堵漏技术的基础上,引入高效堵漏剂,通过室内配方优化及施工工艺完善,形成了高效桥塞堵漏技术。现场试验表明该技术堵漏一次成功率高,堵漏效果良好,为低承压力地层、易漏失层以及易与邻井气层窜通等造成的复杂型井漏提供了新的堵漏思路,对解决其它复杂井漏也具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

Impact of Planetary Wave Reflection on Tropospheric Blocking over the Urals–Siberia Region in January 2008   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Debashis Nath  Wen Chen 《大气科学进展》2016,33(3):309-318

Planetary wave reflection from the stratosphere played a significant role in changing the tropospheric circulation pattern over Eurasia in mid-January 2008. We studied the 2008 event and compared with composite analysis(winters of 2002/2003,2004/2005, 2006/2007, 2007/2008, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012), when the downward coupling was stronger, by employing time-lagged singular value decomposition analysis on the geopotential height field. In the Northern Hemisphere, the geopotential fields were decomposed into zonal mean and wave components to compare the relative covariance patterns. It was found that the wavenumber 1(WN1) component was dominant compared with the wavenumber 2(WN2) component and zonal mean process. For the WN1 field, the covariance was much higher(lower) for the negative(positive) lag, with a prominent peak around +15 days when the leading stratosphere coupled strongly with the troposphere. It contributed to the downward coupling due to reflection, when the stratosphere exhibited a partially reflective background state. We also analyzed the evolution of the WN1 anomaly and heat flux anomaly, both in the troposphere and stratosphere, during January–March 2008. The amplitude of the tropospheric WN1 pattern reached a maximum and was consistent with a downward wave coupling event influenced by the stratospheric WN1 anomaly at 10 h Pa. This was consistent with the reflection of the WN1 component over Eurasia, which triggered an anomalous blocking high in the Urals–Siberia region. We further clarified the impact of reflection on the tropospheric WN1 field and hence the tropospheric circulation pattern by changing the propagation direction during and after the event.  相似文献   

Variation in summer surface air temperature over Northeast Asia and its associated circulation anomalies     

Wei Chen  Xiaowei Hong  Riyu Lu  Aifen Jin  Shizhu Jin  Jae-Cheol Nam  Jin-Ho Shin  Tae-Young Goo  Baek-Jo Kim 《大气科学进展》2016,33(1):1-9

This study investigates the interannual variation of summer surface air temperature over Northeast Asia(NEA) and its associated circulation anomalies.Two leading modes for the temperature variability over NEA are obtained by EOF analysis.The first EOF mode is characterized by a homogeneous temperature anomaly over NEA and therefore is called the NEA mode.This anomaly extends from southeast of Lake Baikal to Japan,with a central area in Northeast China.The second EOF mode is characterized by a seesaw pattern,showing a contrasting distribution between East Asia(specifically including the Changbai Mountains in Northeast China,Korea,and Japan) and north of this region.This mode is named the East Asia(EA) mode.Both modes contribute equivalently to the temperature variability in EA.The two leading modes are associated with different circulation anomalies.A warm NEA mode is associated with a positive geopotential height anomaly over NEA and thus a weakened upper-tropospheric westerly jet.On the other hand,a warm EA mode is related to a positive height anomaly over EA and a northward displaced jet.In addition,the NEA mode tends to be related to the Eurasian teleconnection pattern,while the EA mode is associated with the East Asia-Pacific/PacificJapan pattern.  相似文献   

云南夏季降水量在21世纪初的突变减少及原因分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

肖子牛  石文静  段玮 《气象》2016,42(3):261-270

利用1960—2013年云南125个台站观测资料和美国环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心再分析资料,以及1960—2013年美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)提供的逐月平均全球海表温度资料,分析了云南地区降水量变化的特征以及与之相关联的大气环流背景场。分析结果表明:云南降水量在2002年发生了一次显著减少的突变,而这次突变主要是由于夏季降水的明显减少而形成的。进一步的分析揭示了该地区夏季降水减少主要与印度洋热带赤道地区低层东风加强和高空西风加强有关,亚洲地区中高纬度温度的升高也对该地区夏季降水量显著减少有重要作用。  相似文献   

2013年影响广西热带气旋频数偏多的成因分析     

覃卫坚  周美丽  徐圣璇 《气象》2016,42(6):709-715

使用1951—2013年NOAA OLR、NCEP/NCAR风场和高度场再分析资料、中国气象局热带气旋资料,分析2013年影响广西热带气旋数量偏多的原因。结果表明：2013年6—9月西太平洋副热带高压明显偏强,西伸脊点明显偏西,脊线略偏北,同时副热带高压南侧对流活跃,降水过程潜热释放有助于副热带高压位置偏北,这种形势非常有利于热带气旋向广西移动。索马里越赤道气流强劲,在南海及菲律宾与北太平洋反气旋西南侧的东南气流相遇,形成季风槽,非常有利于热带气旋生成频数偏多。热带低频强对流带在印度洋和西太平洋活动频繁,并分别向东向西移动;赤道东太平洋海温偏低;哈得来和沃克环流较常年偏强,沃克环流上升支位置偏西,这些也可能是2013年影响广西热带气旋数量偏多的原因之一。  相似文献   

2015年11月大气环流和天气分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

沈晓琳  何立富 《气象》2016,42(2):254-260

2015年11月环流特征如下：北半球极涡呈单极型分布,中高纬西风呈3波型分布,南支槽平均位置大致位于90°E附近,同时,西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期偏西、强度偏强。11月全国平均降水量39.4 mm,较常年同期偏多1.1倍;全国平均气温为4.1℃,较常年同期偏高1.2℃,但华北、东北等地气温偏低。月内共出现2次冷空气过程和4次主要降水过程,江南、华南等地部分地区雨量偏多2~3倍,多站出现极端日降水量;月内还有3次重污染天气过程。  相似文献   

IMPACTS OF MONTHLY ANOMALIES OF INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION OVER SOUTH CHINA SEA AND SOUTH ASIA ON THE ACTIVITY OF SUMMER MONSOON AND RAINFALL IN EASTERN CHINA     

阙志萍  吴凡  毕晨  龙余良  李崇银 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2016,22(2):145-158

The impact of strong (weak) intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) over South China Sea (SCS) and South Asia (SA) in summer on the SCS and SA summer monsoon and the summer rainfall in Eastern China are studied by using the NCEP-NCAR analysis data and the rainfall data of 160 stations in China from 1961 to 2010. It is found that the impacts are significantly different in different months of summer. The study shows that in June and July cyclonic (anticyclonic) atmospheric circulation over SCS and SA corresponds to strong (weak) ISO over SCS. In August, however, strong (weak) ISO over SCS still corresponds to cyclonic (anticyclonic) atmospheric circulation over SA. In June and August cyclonic (anticyclonic) atmospheric circulation over South Asia corresponds to strong (weak) ISO over SA while a strong (weak) ISO corresponds to anticyclonic (cyclonic) atmospheric circulation over SA in July. Besides, in June the strong (weak) ISO over SA corresponds to cyclonic (anticyclonic) atmospheric circulation over SCS, while in July and August the atmospheric circulation is in the same phase regardless of whether the ISO over SA is strong or weak. The impacts of the strong（weak）ISO over SCS on the rainfall of eastern China are similar in June and July, which favors less (more) rainfall in Yangtze-Huaihe Rivers basin but sufficient (deficient) rainfall in the south of Yangtze River. However, the impacts are not so apparent in August. In South Asia, the strong (weak) ISO in July results in less (more) rainfall in the south of Yangtze River but sufficient (deficient) rainfall in Yangtze-Huaihe Rivers basin. The influence on the rainfall in eastern China in June and August is not as significant as in July.  相似文献   

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TROPICAL ISO AND TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA     

祝丽娟  王亚非  尹志聪 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2016,22(3):318-329

The relationship between the tropical intra-seasonal oscillation (ISO) and tropical cyclones (TCs) activities over the South China Sea (SCS) is investigated by utilizing the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) global reanalysis data and tropical cyclone best-track data from 1949 to 2009. The main conclusions are: (1) A new ISO index is designed to describe the tropical ISO activity over the SCS, which can simply express ISO for SCS. After examining the applicability of the index constructed by the Climate Prediction Center (CPC), we find that the convection spatial scale reflected by this index is too large to characterize the small-scale SCS and fails to divide the TCs activities over the SCS into active and inactive categories. Consequently, the CPC index can’t replace the function of the new ISO index; (2) The eastward spread process of tropical ISO is divided into eight phases using the new ISO index, the phase variation of which corresponds well with the TCs activities over the SCS. TCs generation and landing are significantly reduced during inactive period (phase 4-6) relative to that during active period (phase 7-3); (3) The composite analyses indicate distinct TCs activities over the SCS, which is consistent with the concomitant propagation of the ISO convective activity. During ISO active period, the weather situations are favorable for TCs development over the SCS, e.g., strong convection, cyclonic shear and weak subtropical high, and vice versa; (4) The condensation heating centers, strong convection and water vapor flux divergence are well collocated with each other during ISO active period. In addition, the vertical profile of condensation heat indicates strong ascending motion and middle-level heating over the SCS during active period, and vice versa. Thus, the eastward propagation of tropical ISO is capable to modulate TCs activities by affecting the heating configuration over the SCS.  相似文献   

末次盛冰期以来中国湖泊记录对环流系统及气候类型的响应   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

李育  刘媛 《地理学报》2016,71(11):1898-1910

为了探讨中国长时间尺度湖泊时空演变规律和潜在的驱动机制,本文在柯本气候分区和中国季风—非季风区的划分基础上,对中国34个有明确数据的典型湖泊运行CCSM 3.0气候模拟系统和水量能量平衡模型模拟其水位变化,同时利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料对中国按水汽输送划分的季风区进行验证。结果表明,末次盛冰期以来中国湖泊演化主要受千年尺度大气环流的驱动影响,在各个柯本气候区内没有明显的规律性。末次盛冰期以来,在季风区中国湖泊演化主要有早中全新世湖泊水位相对较高以及末次盛冰期和早全新世湖泊水位均较高2种演变规律;在东亚干旱区主要有中晚全新世期间湖泊水位相对较高以及末次盛冰期和中全新世湖泊水位均较高2种演变规律。本文为中国过去气候变化及湖泊演化机制研究提供新的证据,同时为人类全面认识末次盛冰期以来湖泊水位变化提供了新的视角。  相似文献