亚历山大藻溶血毒性的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭志军  颜天  于仁成  周名江 《海洋科学》2008,32(12):75-81

研究了11株亚历山大藻（Alexandrium spp．）的溶血毒性，其中7株亚历山大藻具有显著的溶血毒性，说明溶血毒性在亚历山大藻中具有一定的普遍性，但各亚历山大藻藻株溶血毒性的大小与其所产麻痹性贝类毒素（Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning，PSP）的能力无直接关系；针对性地研究了一株典型PSP产毒甲藻——塔玛亚历山大藻（A．tamarense，ATHK株）的溶血毒性特点，该株亚历山大藻具有较强的溶血毒性，指数期单个藻细胞的溶血毒性大小约相当于4pg皂素的溶血能力，而且其溶血毒性的大小与藻的生长阶段和细胞密度都有一定关系：指数期的溶血毒性最大；藻细胞、细胞碎片、细胞内容物都有一定的溶血毒性，其中细胞碎片的毒性最大；研究还表明一种PSP标准品STX毒素并没有溶血毒性，进一步说明亚历山大藻产生的溶血毒性是其他非PSP物质造成的，这类溶血毒素对人类健康和生态环境的影响值得关注。  相似文献   

4种常用渔药对眼斑拟石首鱼鱼种的急性毒性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周立斌  陈卉睿  张海发  王安利 《海洋湖沼通报》2008,(1):129-133

本研究用敌百虫、甲醛、硫酸铜、高锰酸钾4种常用渔药对眼斑拟石首鱼鱼种进行了急性毒性实验。结果表明敌百虫的24h半致死浓度(TL_m)为1.34 mg·L~(-1),48hTL_m为0.41 mg·L~(-1),安全浓度为0.04mg·L~(-1);甲醛的24hTL_m为209.35 mg·L~(-1),48hTL_m为150.37 mg·L~(-1),安全浓度为15.04 mg·L~(-1);硫酸铜的24hTL_m为32.73,48hTL_m为16.51 mg·L~(-1),安全浓度为1.65 mg·L~(-1);高锰酸钾的24hTL_m为0.98·L~(-1)mg,48hTL_m为0.6mg·L~(-1),安全浓度为0.06mg·L~(-1)。根据实验结果,敌百虫、硫酸铜和高锰酸钾在治疗眼斑拟石首鱼鱼种疾病时应要慎用,甲醛对于眼斑拟石首鱼鱼种的疾病预防和治疗有一定的实际用途。  相似文献   

Expression of the Phycoerythrin Gene of Gracilaria lemaneiformis （Rhodophyta） in E. coil and Evaluation of the Bioactivity of Recombinant PE     

WEN Ruobing SUI Zhenghong ZHANG Xuecheng ZHANG Shuang QIN Song 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(4):373-377

Phycoerythrin (PE) is one of the most important proteins involved in light capturing during photosynthesis in red algae. Its potential biological activities had gained wide concerns. In the present study, tumor cytotoxic and hydroxyl radical assay were preformed to detect the bioactivity of recombinant PE. Recombinant plasmids pGEX-PE and pBGL were transformed into E. coli BL21 to make two recombinant strains BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL). PE expressing in BEX (pGEX-PE) was validated by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the PE-GST fusion protein was mostly inclusion bodies. Specific expression of PE was confirmed by Western blotting analysis. The recombinant E. coli BEX (pGEX-PE) cells were collected and sonicated. The supernatants were reserved for the tumor cytotoxic experiments. The result of tumor cytotoxic assay indicated that the supernatants containing PE had the activity of inhibiting the growth of Hela cells and with the increase of protein concentration, the inhibiting rate increased from 37.31% to 63.26%, which showed significant difference from the control. Hydroxyl radical scavenging effect was tested with supernatants of BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL) cell lysates treated with sonication and heating. For the sonication samples, the scavenging rates of the supernatants of BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL) cell lysates were significantly higher than the negative control BL21(pGEX-4T) (P<0.02), and the scavenging rates increased slowly following the increase of the protein content. For the heating samples, except for the 0.2 mg mL⁻¹ BGL (pBGL) products, the scavenging effects of the supernatants of BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL) cell lysates were stronger than that of negative control BL21(pGEX-4T). However, the effect intensity was not positively correlated with the increase of the protein concentration. Though a partially decreased hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was led by heating, the biological activity was still retained and conspicuous. This research showed that phycoerythrin protein expressing in E. coli has the potential medical and sanitarian value.  相似文献   

海因类消毒剂对吉富罗非鱼的急性毒性   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

朱春华  刘柏明 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(3):40-42

用溴氯海因(BCDMH)和二溴海因(DBDMH)两种消毒剂对吉富罗非鱼进行急性毒性试验,研究吉富罗非鱼对海因类消毒剂的耐受性。结果表明:溴氯海因对吉富罗非鱼苗的24 h LC50、48 h LC50和安全浓度分别为9.61、8.66、2.11 mg/L,二溴海因对吉富罗非鱼苗的24 h LC50、48 h LC50和安全浓度分别9.89、9.78、2.87 mg/L。  相似文献   

CYTOTOXICITY AND GENOTOXICITY OF POLYETHYLENIMINE AND NICKEL CHLORIDE IN RED SEA BREAM（Pagrosomus major）FIN CELL LINE RSBF     

郭华荣  张士璀 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(4):323-331

A continuous marine fish cell line RSBF(i.e.Red Sea Bream Fin)was utilized to screen the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of polyethylenimine(PEI)and nickel cholride(NiCl2)in this study on the deleterious effects of aquatic genotoxins on fish.At the 0.01 to 1μgml concentration tested,PEI had acute toxicity to the treated RSBF cells(IC50=1.12,0.92,0.88 and 0.64μg/ml PEI for time 0 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after treatment,respectively)and markedly inhibited their proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.At the 0.001 to 5 μmol/L concentration tested,NiCl2 posed no acute toxicity but significantly stimulated their growth(107?214?of control).Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was used to detect the genotoxic effects of PEI and NiCl2 by comparing the RAPD banding patterns of the control and treated cells.RAPD analysis indicated that at the concentrations tested,PEI was more genotoxic than NiCl2 to RSBF cells;that there was a slight dose-dependent response in the genotoxic effect of PEI bue not NiCl2;and that RAPD technique might provide a sensitive,non-specif-ic gentoxic endpoint.And the potent cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of PEI on fish cells showed that we should be cautious in utilizing it as gene vector in fish gene transfer and human gene therapy.  相似文献   

不同粒径TiO_2颗粒对海洋微藻的毒性效应     

马菲菲  孙雪梅  韩倩  陈碧鹃  夏斌  曲克明 《海洋学报》2015,37(10):100-105

本实验以新月菱形藻为受试生物,研究了低浓度不同粒径TiO2颗粒(21nm、60nm和400nm)对海洋微藻生长、抗氧化酶活性(超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化氢酶CAT和过氧化物酶POD)、脂质过氧化产物(MDA)含量的影响,并测定了相应的活性氧自由基(ROS)的含量,初步探讨了TiO2颗粒对海洋微藻的作用机制。结果表明,1mg/L TiO2颗粒对新月菱形藻生长的抑制作用随着粒径的减小而逐渐增强,第48h、72h、96h呈现出显著的纳米效应。TiO2颗粒可以诱导藻细胞内ROS的含量增加,对藻细胞产生氧化胁迫,新月菱形藻的抗氧化酶活性发生应激响应,以清除过量的ROS,但剩余的ROS对藻细胞产生氧化损伤,导致MDA含量升高,并且纳米级TiO2颗粒对新月菱形藻的氧化损伤大于微米级颗粒。在不同粒径TiO2颗粒的胁迫下,藻细胞SOD和CAT活性的响应也存在差异。本研究将为开展人工纳米材料对海洋生态系统影响的潜在风险评估提供科学依据。  相似文献   

NaCl侵蚀环境下水泥固化铬污染土的强度及淋滤特性EI北大核心CSCD     

刘晶晶查甫生郝爱玲张雪芹崔可锐 《岩土力学》2015,(10):2855-2861

日益严重的环境污染问题导致土壤中的重金属离子越来越多,这不仅使得土的工程性质受到影响,而且有害重金属离子的渗出也会威胁人类的健康。目前常采用水泥固化技术（S/S法）来处理重金属污染土。但当地下水中富含侵蚀性盐离子时,固化后的重金属污染土会受到影响,进而改变其强度及重金属离子的滤出特性。通过系统的室内试验,对水泥固化铬污染土在NaCl溶液浸泡后的强度特性及重金属离子的滤出特性进行了研究。试验结果表明,水泥固化铬污染土的无侧限抗压强度随NaCl溶液浓度的增加而减小,而随浸泡时间的增加呈先减小后增大的趋势,浸泡7d时最小。毒性特征沥滤试验（TCLP）结果显示,浸出液中Cr3＋浓度随NaCl浓度增加而增大,随浸泡时间增加而减小;而浸出液的pH值随NaCl浓度增加而减小,随着浸泡时间的增加呈先减小后增大的趋势,浸泡7d时最小;浸出液的pH值在4.0～5.5范围内时,Cr3＋滤出量随pH值增大而减小。  相似文献   

科技短消息     

《海洋世界》2009,(7)

动物实验的替代品——芯片上的肺?欧盟要求在未来的10年中对3万种化学品进行毒性测试。这是一项耗时又昂贵的庞大工程,需要进行大量的动物实验。另一方面,欧盟化妆品指令正打算在2013年全面禁止化妆品行业使用动物实验。未来,人类将用什么来代替动物实验?英国卡迪夫大学的细胞生物学家凯利·贝鲁布提供了一个可能的  相似文献   

Toxic effects of several phthalate esters on the embryos and larvae of abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta     

杨志会  张祥景  蔡中华 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(2):395-399

As the most widely used plasticizers in the world, phthalate esters (PAEs) are potential endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs). In the present study, the toxicity of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on embryogenesis and larvae development of the marine univalve Haliotis diversicolor supertexta was examined in laboratory. The results show that the malformation of embryos appeared during the experiment, such as embryos died or lysed, small transparent flocculent rings studded on the periphery of the embryo, and the larvae could failed to hatch. In embryo toxic test, embryos incubated at the highest concentration of DMP, DEP and DBP solutions showed significantly high abnormal rate compared with the control, while DEHP solutions displayed no significant difference. In larval toxic test, in all concentrations of DMP, DEP and DBP solutions, larval settlement rates were low significantly than that of the control. Similarly, DEHP solutions show nearly no effect on the larval settlement. The order of toxicity on embryos and larvae is DBP>DEP>DMP>DEHP. Being a simple and easy stimulation to indoor spawn, sensitive to environmental factors, and short culture time, the embryos of H. diversicolor supertexta can be used to indicate toxicity of the PAEs. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40476057)  相似文献   

氟乐灵对斑节对虾卵和幼体的毒性研究     

刘东超  施军  邓超 《广东海洋大学学报》1996,(1)

采用静水生物试验法测定了氟乐灵对斑节对虾卵和幼体的急性毒性。结果表明：氟乐灵对斑节对虾无节幼体、蚤状幼体、糠虾幼体和仔虾的２４ｈＬＣ５０／×１０－６分别是１．６８，０．８３，１．８４和２．０９；４８ｈＬＣ５０／×１０－６分别是０．７６，０．５３，１．０９和１．５１。５．０１×１０－６氟乐灵浸浴受精卵１２ｈ，５０％的受精卵可孵化。第２２天仔虾用１０×１０－６以下浓度的氟乐灵浸浴５ｍｉｎ，对其存活率无影响。  相似文献