The action of the satellite 1981 S13, and the optical depth profile of the Encke-gap ringlet in the Saturn A ring     

F. Spahn  A. Saar  St. Schmidt  U. Schwarz 《Astronomische Nachrichten》1992,313(2):101-105

The radial optical depth profile of the Encke ringlet obtained by the occultation experiment of the Voyager photopolarimeter (PPS data) is explained to be caused by the gravitational action of the recently discovered stallite 1981 S13 and a second smaller moonlet orbiting near one of its either libration points — L₄ or L₅. To this aim the results of previous and new numerical particle simulations as well as an extension of the scattering theory concerning a single moonlet to a pair of satellites have been used leading to a triple-peaked ringlet near the orbits of the moonlets. The width and the shape of that ringlet and its separate peaks depend on the mass ratio of both moonlets and on their orbital eccentricites. The best resemblance between the PPS data and the theoretical profile is obtained if the mass ratio of the either moonlets takes M₂/M_1981S13 ≈ (0.8 … 3.0) × 10⁻² and the eccentricities hold: e_1981S13 < h_1981S13; e₂ ≈ h₂ (the values h are the Hill scales of either moonlets defined by h_1981S13/2 ≈ (M_1981S13/2/3M_h)^1/3, M_h = Saturn mass). Furthermore, our results yield a size of 1981 S13 of < 15 km in diameter.  相似文献   

中国21kaBP气候模拟的初步试验   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13  

陈星  于革  刘健 《湖泊科学》2000,12(2):154-164

本文使用含有陆面过程的９层大气环流谱模式（ＡＧＣＭ＋ＳＳｉＢ）,在地球轨道参数和下垫面边界条件驱动下,对２１ｋａＢＰ的气候进行模拟试验。结果表明,２１ｋａＢＰ时中国东部干旱,西部和青藏高原湿润,全国普遍降温。该模拟结果基本捕捉了由古湖泊资料和孢粉资料重建的气候特征。对模式输出的大气环流场和降水场的分析揭示出,２１ｋａＢＰ东亚夏季风环流明显减弱,而青高原夏季风环流增强;冬季风环流较现在略有增强。该模  相似文献   

21kaBP青藏高原有远高于现代降水量的可能性吗?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

施雅风 《湖泊科学》2000,12(2):165-166

古气候模拟特别对有关青藏高原的古气候模拟是比较复杂和困难的工作.可喜的是近年国内已有几位同志(陈隆勋等[1],刘晓东等[2,3])开展这项研究,取得了相当进展.本刊本期陈星、于革、刘健3同志《中国21kaBP气候模拟的初步试验》(以下称《陈文》)[4]也是这方面的有益尝试,他们采用改进的9层15波谱的AGCM大气环流模式和简化的陆地植被模型SSiB耦合,进行研究,得出结果,如认为东亚夏季风明显减弱、冬季风增强无疑是合适的,但关于青藏高原的模拟结果,笔者认为和地质记录矛盾较大,前人研究较普遍的认为末次冰盛期时,青藏高原夏季风衰弱,降水少于…  相似文献   

四万年以来青海湖的三期高湖面及其降水量研究   总被引：22，自引：4，他引：18  

贾玉连  施雅风  范云崎 《湖泊科学》2000,12(3):211-218

孢粉学、地貌学与沉积学的证据揭示了青海湖自４０ｋａＢＰ以来经历了至少三期高湖面,即３０－４０ｋａＢＰ,１１－１３ｋａＢＰ,７．５－５ｋａＢＰ。其中第一期与第三期的高湖面是全球性暖温气候的产物,第二期的高湖面同暖温气修及高山区冰川消融均有关系。根据Ｍ．Ｎ．Ｂｙｄｕｋｋｏ（Ｍ．И．Ｂｙлｂｉｋｏ）公式和Ｊ．Ｅ．Ｋｕｔｚｂａｃｈ公式计算年蒸发量,依据封闭流域全流域水面平衡模式,模拟了青海湖在第一期与第三  相似文献   

河库连续体中溶解性无机碳及其同位素的时空分异特征——以澜沧江云南段为例     

袁博  吴巍  郭梦京  周孝德  谢曙光 《湖泊科学》2020,32(1):173-186

河流及水库等水生态系统中的溶解性无机碳(DIC)是全球碳循环与大气、陆地和海洋之间碳相互作用的重要组成部分.以澜沧江云南段上游天然河段及下游梯级水库群形成的连续体为研究对象,分析了河库连续体表层水体中水化学特征、溶解性无机碳浓度及其碳同位素时空分布特征.研究结果表明:河库连续体水体中溶解无机碳(DIC)及其同位素(δ13 C DIC)组成特征总体表现为:DIC浓度丰水期较低,枯水期较高,平均值分别为2.59±0.44和3.30±0.37 mmol/L;δ13 C DIC值丰水期偏负、枯水期偏正,平均值分别为-8.52‰±0.38‰和-6.95‰±0.53‰,与自然河流的季节变化特征相似.水体DIC来源主要包括土壤及水体有机质分解生成的CO 2、碳酸盐风化和水气界面CO 2的交换过程.澜沧江河库连续体中DIC浓度及δ13 C DIC组成的时空异质性特征与流域岩性、土壤生物地球化学过程以及微生物活动强度等均有较大关系.当前,澜沧江梯级水库群建库时间短,梯级联合运行下调度复杂,水文条件多变,梯级水库对河流重要生源要素——碳累积影响方面的“水库效应”还不明显.  相似文献   

Seasonal δ13CDIC sourcing and geochemical flux in telogenetic epikarst of south-central Kentucky     

Leah Jackson  Jason S. Polk 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(4):785-799

Telogenetic epikarst carbon sourcing and transport processes and their associated hydrogeochemical responses are complex and dynamic. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) transport rates in the epikarst zone are often driven by hydrogeochemical responses, which influence carbonate dissolution and conduit formation. This study examines the influence of land use on carbon sourcing and carbonate dissolution kinetics through a comparative analysis of separate, but similar, epikarst systems in south-central Kentucky. The use of high-resolution hydrogeochemical data from multiple data loggers and isotope analysis from collected water samples reflects the processes within these epikarst aquifers, which are estimated to contribute significantly to bedrock dissolution. Results indicate that, in an agricultural setting, long-term variability and dissolution is governed by seasonal production of CO₂ . In a more urbanized, shallower epikarst system, land cover may affect CO₂ transport between the soil and underlying bedrock. This concentration of CO₂ potentially contributes to ongoing dissolution and conduit development, irrespective of seasonality. The observed responses in telogenetic epikarst systems seem to be more similar to eogenetic settings, which is suggested to be driven by CO₂ transport occurring independent of high matrix porosity. The results of this study indicate site-specific responses with respect to both geochemical and δ¹³C_DIC changes on a seasonal scale, despite regional geologic similarities. The results indicate that further comparative analyses between rural and urban landscapes in other karst settings is needed to delineate the impact of land use and seasonality on dissolution and carbon sourcing during karst formation processes. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于WOA13数据的北大西洋声传播分析     

曹震卿  张永刚  李庆红  刘鹏 《海洋通报》2018,(5):554-564

应用WOA13季节平均数据和BELLHOP模型,在季节、声源频率、声源深度和掠射角等因素确定的情况下,分析北大西洋冬季(1-3月)声道轴深度、最小声速值、表层声速值的分布,通过仿真计算研究选用位置点5 m深度声源的声传播规律:反转深度随纬度升高而降低,低纬度海岭东西两侧差别不大,15°N以北为西侧大于东侧。55°N以南海区可形成汇聚区波导,海岭西侧的汇聚区跨度大于海岭东侧,有混合层时还存在一定强度的表面波导,汇聚区处5 m、100 m和250 m接收深度上的传播损失差异较小,增益为7～19 dB,55°N以北海区则为有焦散结构的表面波导。以北大西洋35°N为界,以南以汇聚区波导探测有利,以北以表面波导探测有利。  相似文献   

Alkaline rocks of Samchampi-Samteran, District Karbi-Anglong, Assam, India     

S. Nag  S. K. Sengupta  R. K. Gaur  A. Absar 《Journal of Earth System Science》1999,108(1):33-48

The Samchampi-Samteran alkaline igneous complex (SAC) is a near circular, plug-like body approximately 12 km² area and is emplaced into the Precambrian gneissic terrain of the Karbi Anglong district of Assam. The host rocks, which are exposed in immediate vicinity of the intrusion, comprise granite gneiss, migmatite, granodiorite, amphibolite, pegmatite and quartz veins. The SAC is composed of a wide variety of lithologies identified as syenitic fenite, magnetite ± perovskite ± apatite rock, alkali pyroxenite, ijolite-melteigite, carbonatite, nepheline syenite with leucocratic and mesocratic variants, phonolite, volcanic tuff, phosphatic rock and chert breccia. The magnetite ± perovskite ± apatite rock was generated as a cumulus phase owing to the partitioning of Ti, Fe at a shallow level magma chamber (not evolved DI = O1). The highly alkaline hydrous fluid activity indicated by the presence of strongly alkalic minerals in carbonatites and associated alkaline rocks suggests that the composition of original melt was more alkalic than those now found and represent a silica undersaturated ultramafic rock of carbonated olivine-poor nephelinite which splits with falling temperature into two immiscible fractions—one ultimately crystallises as alkali pyroxenite/ijolite and the other as carbonatite. The spatial distribution of varied lithotypes of SAC and their genetic relationships suggests that the silicate and carbonate melts, produced through liquid immiscibility, during ascent generated into an array of lithotypes and also reaction with the country rocks by alkali emanations produced fenitic aureoles (nephelinisation process). Isotopic studies (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C) on carbonatites of Samchampi have indicated that the δ¹³C of the source magma is related to contamination from recycled carbon.  相似文献   

13kaBP以来滇池地区古环境演化   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

吴艳宏  吴瑞金  薛滨  钱君龙  肖家仪 《湖泊科学》1998,10(2):5-9

根据DC93一1孔孢粉组合、总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）、碳氮比（C／N）、有机碳同位素δ13Corg、磁化率（χ）、频率磁化率（χfd）等资料,结合14C、210Pb和137Cs测年,滇池地区13ka以来的古环境演化历史经历了以下几个阶段：13—10．2kaBP．气候偏凉湿,湖水深度不大;10．2－7．5kaBP,气候向暖湿过渡．湖水渐深;7．5－4．0kaBP,气候暖湿,出热条件达到最佳配制,湖水也最深．6．5kaBP前后,气温最高,这一时段古气候状况存在次级波动;4．0－2．7kaBP,气候突转干旱．湖水最浅;2．7－1．7kaBP,气候温湿,湖面扩大,湖水变深;1．7kaBP,人类活动影响的加剧,使湖泊环境的变化更为复杂．  相似文献   

Predation by jellyfish on large and emergent zooplankton: Implications for benthic–pelagic coupling   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kylie A. Pitt  Anne-Laure Clement  Rod M. Connolly  Delphine Thibault-Botha   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,76(4):827-833

Stable carbon isotopes were used to determine the contribution of emergent demersal zooplankton to the diet of the scyphozoan jellyfish Catostylus mosaicus at Smiths Lake, New South Wales, Australia. A preliminary study in 2004 indicated that there was no difference in the δ¹³C of ectodermal tissue and mesoglea of the medusae. In 2005, medusae and zooplankton present during the day and night were sampled and isotopic signatures were modelled using IsoSource. Modelling indicated that: (1) mollusc veligers and copepods sampled during the day contributed <13% of the carbon to the jellyfish; (2) copepods sampled at night contributed up to 25%; and (3) the large, emergent decapod Lucifer sp. contributed 88–94%. We hypothesised, therefore, that medusae derive most of their carbon from emergent species of zooplankton. In 2006, sampling done in 2005 was repeated three times over a period of 4 weeks to measure short-term temporal variation in isotopic signatures of medusae and zooplankton, and emergent demersal zooplankton was specifically sampled using emergence traps. Short-term temporal variation in isotopic signatures was observed for some taxa, however, actual variations were small (<1.5‰) and the values of medusae and zooplankton remained consistent relative to each other. IsoSource modelling revealed that mysid shrimp and emergent copepods together contributed 79–100% of the carbon to the jellyfish, and that the maximum possible contribution of daytime copepods and molluscs was only 22%. Jellyfish apparently derive most of their carbon from emergent zooplankton and by capturing small numbers of relatively large taxa, such as Lucifer sp. or mysid shrimp. Small but abundantly captured zooplankton (such as mollusc veligers) contribute only minor amounts of carbon. Jellyfish have a major role in the transfer of carbon between benthic and pelagic food webs in coastal systems.  相似文献