灵山岛早白垩世岩浆活动及其大地构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

敖文昊  冯涛  赵燕  翟明国  孙勇 《岩石学报》2018,34(6):1612-1640

灵山岛位于胶东半岛以南约16km处,构造上处于扬子和华北克拉通结合部位——苏鲁造山带东端。早白垩世晚期,灵山岛岩浆活动极为强烈,大量发育流纹岩和火山角砾岩,不整合覆盖于底部碎屑沉积岩层之上;同时,区内广泛发育基性岩墙(辉绿玢岩),沿北东-南西向侵入于碎屑沉积岩地层之中。本文选取流纹岩和辉绿玢岩样品进行了岩石地球化学和年代学研究。结果表明,流纹岩具有富钾(K_2O=4.10%～4.42%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=8.83%～9.06%)、贫钙(CaO=0.10%～0.46%)、低钛(TiO 2=0.08%～0.09%)、低镁(MgO=0.12%～0.15%)和铁(Fe_2O_3~T=0.79%～0.83%)的特征,属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石系列;岩石稀土总量较低(∑REE=109.0×10~(-6)～128.8×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分异较弱((La/Yb)N=6.42～8.09),Eu显著负异常(δEu=0.27～0.28)。辉绿玢岩SiO_2含量为(51.17%～51.97%),具有富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=5.01%～6.07%)和高Mg#值(67.6～69.4)的特征,属于钾玄岩系列;岩石稀土总量较高(∑REE=160.6×10~(-6)～173.5×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分馏较为明显((La/Yb)N=11.1～11.6),显示弱Eu正异常(δEu=1.12～1.18),它们在球粒陨石标准化稀土元素图解和原始地幔标准化微量元素图解上与OIB类似。上述地球化学特征指示流纹岩和辉绿玢岩可能均形成于伸展减压背景下。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,流纹岩和辉绿玢岩的形成时代分别为118±2Ma和109±3Ma,属于早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,流纹岩具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-31.0～-24.5),表明其来源于古老地壳物质部分熔融。辉绿玢岩的岩浆锆石具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-31.2～-28.8)和正的ε_(Hf)(t)值(+7.1～+8.1),指示其来源于有深部亏损软流圈地幔物质加入的富集地幔源区。综合本文研究结果和同时期区域构造演化推测,受伊泽奈崎板块和古太平洋板块俯冲方向改变的影响,中生代期间中国东部构造体制发生转变。早白垩世晚期,华北东部处于伸展构造背景,形成了一系列与之对应的超浅成相-喷出相辉绿玢岩岩墙和流纹岩,是燕山运动在胶东地区的地质表现。  相似文献   

青藏高原北部发现印支运动的新证据——来自同构造花岗细晶岩脉的响应     

白国典  何凯  王艳慧  琚根社  杜保峰  王坤 《岩石矿物学杂志》2018,37(1):87-98

在青藏高原北部昆仑山口-甘德断裂与巴颜喀拉山中央断裂之间发育延伸超过100 km的呈雁列排列的花岗细晶岩脉带,这些花岗细晶岩脉走向多为北西向(118°),少量呈南北向(2°)。通过对其宏、微观特征分析研究,并结合在这两组花岗细晶岩脉中分别采获的224.7±0.64 Ma(南北向)与220.5±1.1 Ma(北西向)的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素年龄数据,指出这些花岗细晶岩脉是印支运动的产物,是早印支期可可西里-巴颜喀拉地块向东昆仑地块斜向俯冲过程中,岩浆沿着昆仑山口-甘德北西向冲掩断层下盘(南盘)形成的北西向与南北向两组"X"型共轭剪节理贯入形成的同构造花岗细晶岩脉。两组"X"型共轭剪节理的展布方向揭示了印支运动的主压应力方向,即NNW-SSE向;北西向雁列排列的节理反映其受右行走滑作用控制的特点;花岗细晶岩脉形成的最早时间(224.7±0.64 Ma)代表了这次俯冲走滑事件的时间,也即昆仑山口-甘德断裂的形成时间。  相似文献   

Structural characteristics and evolution of the South Yellow Sea Basin since Indosinian     

《China Geology》2018,1(4):466-476

Based on the seismic data gathered in past years and the correlation between the sea and land areas of the Lower Yangtze Platform, the structural characteristics of the South Yellow Sea Basin since the Indosinian tectonic movement is studied in this paper. Three stages of structural deformation can be distinguished in the South Yellow Sea Basin since the Indosinian. The first stage, Late Indosinian to Early Yanshanian, was dominated by foreland deformation including both the uplifting and subsidence stages under an intensively compressional environment. The second stage, which is called the Huangqiao Event in the middle Yanshanian, was a change for stress fields from compression to extension. While in the third stage (the Sanduo Event) in the Late Himalayan, the basin developed a depression in the Neogene-Quaternary after rifting in the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene. The long-time evolution controlled 3 basin formation stages from a foreland basin, then a fault basin to a final depression basin. In conclusion, since the Indosinian, the South Yellow Sea Basin has experienced compressional fold and thrust, collisional orogen, compressional and tensional pulsation, strike-slip, extensional fault block and inversion structures, compression and convergence. The NE, NEE, nearly EW and NW trending structures developed in the basin. From west to east, the structural trend changed from NEE to near EW to NW. While from north to south, they changed from NEE to near EW with a strong-weak-strong zoning sequence. Vertically, the marine and terrestrial facies basins show a “seesaw” pattern with fold and thrust in the early stages, which is strong in the north and weak in the south and an extensional fault in later stages, which is strong in the north and weak in the south. In the marine facies basin, thrust deformation is more prevailing in the upper structural layer than that in the lower layer. The tectonic mechanism in the South Yellow Sea Basin is mainly affected by the collision between the Yangtze and North China Block, while the stress environment of large-scale strike-slip faults was owing to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. The southern part of the Laoshan uplift is a weak deformation zone as well as a stress release zone, and the Meso-Paleozoic had been weakly reformed in later stages. The southern part of the Laoshan uplift is believed, therefore, to be a promising area for oil and gas exploration.  相似文献   

台风“海葵”（2012）登陆后西折蜗行诊断分析     

郭达烽  陈翔翔  周芳 《气象与减灾研究》2013,(3):25-34

利用地面高空常规探测资料、NCEP再分析资料、数值模式预报资料,针对2012年第11号台风“海葵”登陆后移动路径的突然西折蜗行和陆上的长久维持机制两大预报难点,从大尺度环流特征和物理场两方面进行了诊断分析。结果表明：（1）“海葵”登陆后由西北方向移动转为西折,是由于其北部东、西两环副高未能因低槽东移而完全断开形成北上的通道,西环副高对其西行又形成阻挡作用,使得“海葵”低压环流西折并在安徽省南部蜗行。（2）“海葵”移动方向前侧有正涡度平流中心,正、负涡度平流中心的连线与未来移向基本吻合,其中心沿着不稳定区域和高能区域移动,存在趋暖运动。（3）“海葵”登陆后大风速区呈逆时针旋转,低压环流的风场分布出现明显不对称,东风分量比西风分量大,风场结构中不对称的强风速区转移使西北移动的路径减速并西折。（4）西南风低空急流是“海葵”在陆上久留不消的重要水汽输送带。“海葵”高层与中纬度急流靠近,高空急流出口区的强辐散也有助于其在陆上的维持。（5）“海葵”登陆后较长时间位于对流层风速垂直切变经向梯度大值区中,其中心附近垂直风切变很小,这使得其衰减缓慢,维持时间长。此外,“海葵”登陆后经过较大水面及前期大降水区为其长久维持提供了潜热能源。  相似文献   

不同尺度涡旋相互作用对台风的结构和移动的影响   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7  

陈联寿  罗哲贤 《热带气象学报》1995,11(1):10-17

根据大气运动原始方程组导出一个支配台风中心移动的基本方程，方程中包括了非绝热加热，温度场分布，地形与摩擦等各中能影响台风移动的强迫因子。对非绝热加热与水平温度分布的使用所作分析表明，非轴对称的非绝热引导作用可使台风加速、减速或转向运动；温度场上的准区对台风有吸收作用。  相似文献   

Analyse af den morfologiske udvikling på strandplanet nord for indsejlingen til Torsminde havn 1947–85     

Ingeniør H. A. Olsen 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(1):31-45

Olsen, H.A.: Analyse af den morfologiske udvikling på strandplanet nord for indsejlingen til Torsminde havn 1947–85. Geografisk Tidsskrift 86: 31–45. København, juni 1986.

Abstract

Movement of bars on the off-shore by Torsminde harbour on the west coast of Jutland, Denmark is described and connected with structures of moles and sedimentation in the port entrance.  相似文献   

Reexamining the Montgomery Bus Boycott: Toward an Empathetic Pedagogy of the Civil Rights Movement     

Derek H. Alderman  Paul Kingsbury  Owen J. Dwyer 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):171-186

Geographers have assessed the success and failure of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement in terms of the African American struggle for justice, social identity, and economic survival. Conspicuously absent from the geographic literature are pedagogically oriented studies of the historical geography of the Civil Rights era. The Movement's popular image has congealed into a celebratory collection of names and dates, the sum of which is a vague, nearly mythic retelling that students might recognize but not necessarily care about. As a result, the Movement is at once contemptuously familiar yet bewilderingly strange for our students. This article offers a sympathetic critique of conventional Movement narratives, introducing the notion of empathetic pedagogy and presenting a case study of the Montgomery bus boycott. Our pedagogical approach stresses the role of empathy, both as a factor in shaping the actual sociospatial development of the Movement, as well as a strategy for encouraging students to appreciate the everyday courage and sacrifice that animated so many of its participants. Our study brings together two burgeoning literatures that have the potential to cultivate empathy among students: the critical reevaluation of mobility and explorations of subjectivity from a psychoanalytic perspective. Here mobility is understood in both its literal and figurative sense: in the case of the bus boycott, the intricate network established to literally move African Americans around the city, as well as the figurative movement of sympathy and solidarity that “moved” people to support their efforts and now informs popular, selective understandings of the protest.  相似文献   

论华北克拉通南缘霍邱群变质作用、形成时代及霍邱BIF铁矿成矿机制   总被引：11，自引：9，他引：2  

杨晓勇  王波华  杜贞保  王启才  王玉贤  涂政标  张文利  孙卫东 《岩石学报》2012,28(11):3476-3496

安徽霍邱铁矿位于华北克拉通南缘,是一个大型BIF铁矿田,矿体均赋存于一套新太古代中高级变质作用的含铁建造中,自下而上可分为A+B矿带和D矿带:前者为变粒岩-片岩-磁铁石英岩建造;后者为片岩-大理岩-赤铁(镜)铁石英岩建造.本文利用现有的矿床勘查、物化探和地质科研资料,对该矿田的地质背景、矿体赋存条件、构造型式进行深入剖析,推断矿区周边及深部构造格局与控矿因素,研究分析霍邱铁矿含铁岩系特征,进行含矿层位的准确划分、厘定和对比,深入研究含铁岩系的平面分布范围和延深,对矿田控矿构造进行综合分析.运用LA-ICP-MS技术获得霍邱群斜长角闪岩最老年龄为2.8Ga左右,代表原岩形成年代.同时获得晚期混合花岗岩的侵入年龄为1.8Ga左右.通过Hf同位素测定,获得各变质岩系锆石的Hf同位素组成,表明最老的锆石Hf模式年龄可达3.5Ca前后.根据区域年代学资料和霍邱铁矿含铁岩系特征,本文正式提出“霍颍运动”这一概念,作为皖西北新太古代2.7Ga前后在霍邱-颍上-寿县-蒙城一带发生的构造事件和成矿作用,以区别于以往沿用蚌埠运动描述本区霍邱群变质作用和成矿事件的提法.最后结合本区含铁建造特征,初步判定霍邱铁矿为一种介于阿尔戈玛和苏必利尔型之间的过渡类型铁建造.  相似文献   

GNSS在天津地震监测中的发展与初步应用     

贺同江  刘红艳  曹井泉 《震灾防御技术》2014,9(1):110-117

近年来,GNSS观测技术在天津地区获得了迅速发展.截止目前,天津已建成由11个连续GNSS观测站组成的地壳运动观测网,并获得超过2年的连续GNSS观测资料.本文详细阐述了以GNSS观测技术为主要观测手段的天津市地壳运动观测网络的组网过程和布网原则,并对其数据处理结果进行了初步分析.结果表明,天津市地壳运动观测网能够满足mm级地壳运动监测的要求.其对日本“3.11”地震有较强反应,远场同震位移幅度达到7-9mm;同时GNSS连续站可成功观测到站点地面沉降变化趋势,最大年沉降量接近100mrn/a.  相似文献   

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刘光明  马金辉  吴富梅  唐颖哲 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(4):64-67

??????й?????????????硱????1999??2009???1 081??GPS?????????????47??????IGS??????????????Щ????2000.0?????ITRF2000????е???????????????????NNR-NUVEL1A???????????  相似文献