横向各向同性多孔介质中的地震波传播   总被引：24，自引：6，他引：24       下载免费PDF全文

刘银斌  李幼铭 《地球物理学报》1994,37(4):499-514

基于各向异性多孔介质中的广义Ｂｉｏｔ理论，导出了横向各向同性多孔介质中波传播的特征方程．指出在多孔介质中有４种类型的频散和耗散波传播：准纵波ＱＰ１（快纵波）、准纵波ＱＰ２（慢纵波）、准横波ＱＳＶ和横渡ＳＨ．文中给出了４种波速度的解析表达式．数值计算频率曲线和衰减曲线与Ｓｃｈｍｉｔｔ（１９８９）用均值处理得到的结果类似．还给出了波传播过程中３种类型准体波之间的耦合系数（或称转换系数）．  相似文献   

Modeling solute transport in river channels using dispersion theory     

T. Morales-Juberias  P. Zafra  M. Olazar  I. Antigüedad  I. Arrate 《Environmental Geology》1994,24(4):275-280

Carrying out a series of field tracer experiments in river channels allows recognition of river behavior in different flow conditions and thus investigation of the evolution of a solute, tracer, or pollutant over the range of flow rates considered. In this paper, data from tracing tests conducted on the Artibai River in northern Basque Country are used to demonstrate the approach. In all experiments the tracer used was lithium and it was added to the river as an input pulse. An analytical solution to the instantaneous injection model that accounts for the effective initial amount of tracer injected, calculated from the tracer breakthrough curve, instead of the conventional initial injection concentration, is used. The technique is applied to estimate travel times, Péclet numbers, and dispersion coefficients using an optimization algorithm with the aim of characterizing the tracer movement in the stream and analyzing its evolution. Subsequently, considering the results of various tracer experiments, conducted over different flow rates, empirical relationships between dispersion, velocity, and flow rates may be determined. This information allows characterization of the river behavior and can be used to model transportation and dispersion of a tracer or pollutant.  相似文献   

大地电磁阻抗相位资料的特点和应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

晋光文 《地震地质》1988,10(4):159

本文对大地电磁阻抗相位资料的性质及其意义作了总结和评述。文中述及的阻抗相位资料正则化反演方法,是在文献〔1〕的基础上进行了改进,笔者就此给出了实际算例和概要分析  相似文献   

偶极子声波测井在双层套管井中激发的声场特征          下载免费PDF全文

陈雪莲  唐晓明 《地球物理学报》2021,64(1):363-371

多层套管井中的套管-水泥以及水泥-地层在径向上的分布较单层套管井界面多且径向分布范围更深.目前还未有针对多层套管井固井质量评价的有效方法,偶极子阵列声波测井具有工作频率低径向探测深的优势,本文通过实轴积分和三维有限差分计算了偶极子声源在不同胶结状况的双层套管井中激发的声场,旨在探讨偶极子阵列声波在双层套管井中评价外层套管和地层之间胶结状况的可行性.计算结果表明,在两层套管之间充填泥浆时,全波波形中可明显观测到地层弯曲波和套管弯曲波,若外层套管和地层之间充填水泥套管弯曲波的慢度明显高于充填泥浆时的慢度值;在外层套管和地层之间胶结的水泥出现缺失,套管弯曲波的频散曲线会处于完全胶结与完全无胶结之间,其变化量与水泥在外层环空的占比近似成线性关系,几乎不受水泥缺失的径向位置影响.由于偶极子声源的指向性,套管弯曲波的响应特征主要受与声源振动指向的方位扇区胶结状况的影响;在两层套管之间充填水泥时,若外层套管和地层之间充填泥浆,仍可观测到套管弯曲波,模拟波列提取的套管弯曲波的频散曲线与解析解计算的频散曲线吻合,两层套管通过水泥胶结在一起,其弯曲振动的传播速度稍有增加,类似单层套管厚度加厚的响应特征.两种模拟方法得到的结果均表明套管弯曲波对外层套管和地层之间的充填介质敏感,验证了偶极子阵列声波测井在双层套管井固井质量评价中应用的可行性.  相似文献   

热弹性介质中波传播特征     

侯婉婷  符力耘  魏佳  王志伟 《地球物理学报》2021,64(4):1364-1374

深层-超深层油气地震勘探涉及高温介质地震波传播问题,热弹介质参数对地震波传播有重要影响.含弛豫时间修正项的Lord-Shulman双曲型耦合热弹波动方程从理论上预测了热弹性介质中存在快纵波、慢纵波(一种准静态慢纵波,简称热波)和横波的传播,两个纵波为热耗散衰减波而横波不受介质热特性的影响.本文结合平面波频散分析和格林函数法数值模拟,详细研究两个热耗散衰减波的频散和衰减特征,着重分析热导率、热膨胀系数及比热的变化对波速和衰减的影响.研究表明热导率作为主要参数决定了波速与衰减的临界变化,热膨胀系数对波速和衰减的幅度有明显影响,比热则兼顾了前两个热弹系数的影响特征.最后,利用热弹性动力学频率域的二阶格林函数进行波场快照数值模拟,展示热弹性介质中纵波、横波和热波的传播行为.  相似文献   

Anatolian surface wave evaluated at GEOFON Station ISP Isparta, Turkey     

Murat Erduran   zcan ak&#x;r  Timur Tezel  akir ahin   mer Alptekin 《Tectonophysics》2007,434(1-4):39-54

We have studied seismic surface waves of 255 shallow regional earthquakes recently recorded at GEOFON station ISP (Isparta, Turkey) and have selected these 52 recordings with high signal-to-noise ratio for further analysis. An attempt was made by the simultaneous use of the Rayleigh and Love surface wave data to interpret the planar crust and uppermost mantle velocity structure beneath the Anatolian plate using a differential least-square inversion technique. The shear-wave velocities near the surface show a gradational change from approximately 2.2 to 3.6 km s^− 1 in the depth range 0–10 km. The mid-crustal depth range indicating a weakly developed low velocity zone has shear-wave velocities around 3.55 km s^− 1. The Moho discontinuity characterizing the crust–mantle velocity transition appears somewhat gradual between the depth range  25–45 km. The surface waves approaching from the northern Anatolia are estimated to travel a crustal thickness of  33 km whilst those from the southwestern Anatolia and part of east Mediterranean Sea indicate a thicker crust at  37 km. The eastern Anatolia events traveled even thicker crust at  41 km. A low sub-Moho velocity is estimated at  4.27 km s^− 1, although consistent with other similar studies in the region. The current velocities are considerably slower than indicated by the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) in almost all depth ranges.  相似文献   

Multi-scale analysis for transport of fine settling particles through an ice-covered channel in a laminar flow condition     

《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(6):794-808

The current research deals with the dispersion of fine settling particles in a fluid flowing through an ice-covered channel under the laminar flow condition. An analytical solution of the two-dimensional convection–diffusion equation, based on the multi-scale homogenization technique, is obtained. To validate the current study, analytical results for the dispersion coefficient are compared with the available earlier research work. Moreover, the proposed analytical solutions for mean concentration distributions of the tracers are compared with the numerical results obtained from the finite difference technique. From the industrial and environmental points of view, the vertical concentration distribution provides a very significant information. The downstream evolution of the concentration distribution also is shown for typical time periods at different values of the settling velocity. The approach to the vertical uniformity shows that it is too slow a process in comparison to that of longitudinal normality. It was found that settling velocities of particles disturb the vertical uniformity and the centroid of the solute cloud rises due to the increase in settling velocity. Results illustrate that in the downstream direction, the vertical concentration distribution increases near the bed surface and it decreases in the proximity of the ice-covered surface of the channel with the increase of settling velocity, but the mean concentration of the solute increases. The current study may play an important role to understand the mechanism of the sedimentation process in a closed channel system.  相似文献   

唐山北部地区浅层一维剪切波速度结构初步研究     

王莉婵  毛国良  蔡玲玲  马旭东  王亚玲  王宁 《震灾防御技术》2022,17(1):104-113

2019年8月2日河北省唐山市路南区某矿井区发生M_L2.4巷道塌陷,基于塌陷周边台站观测到的短周期瑞雷波,提取面波基阶群速度频散曲线,并利用迭代反演方法得到研究区域地下10 km深度范围内的一维剪切波速度结构,用于精定位分析。速度分析结果表明,研究区域浅表剪切波速度约为2.46 km/s;深度为2 km时,塌陷周边存在小范围的低速区,速度约为2.57 km/s;深度约为4 km时,剪切波速度达3.47 km/s;深度为5～9 km时,唐山东部沉积盆地内存在1个剪切波低速层。精定位分析结果表明,增加浅层速度模型有助于提高深度较小的地震定位精度;塌陷周边的低速区向下延伸近20 km,为地震多发区。  相似文献   

一维波动方程的近似解及其在浅海声场计算中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

唐应吾 《地球物理学报》1987,30(3):271-280

本文给出一维波动方程的一组近似解,它具有WKB解的简洁性,但又克服了WKB解在反转点附近发散的困难。文中用其结果计算了具有粗糙界面的负声速梯度浅海中的简正波声场。  相似文献   

岩石的粘弹性谐振Q模型   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

杨文采 《地球物理学报》1987,30(4):399-411

实验表明,在应变小于10^-6范围内,砂岩对地震波的吸收主要由孔隙流体的局部运动引起,而且Q值随频率的变化出现谐振现象。据此,作者认为,地壳上部地震波能量的耗损可以表示为以下两种成分的线性组合:1.由滑动摩擦、热弹性驰豫、位错运动等引起的能量消散,它们主要与岩石的固相成分有关,可近似地用恒Q模型描述;2.由孔隙流体运动引起的能量消散,可以用谐振公式描述。根据这一认识,利用描述因果关系的Kramers-Krnig关系式可推导出表示地壳上部岩石粘弹性（复弹性模量,相速度频散和衰减函数）的公式,它们综合地描述了由各种机制引起的波的频散和吸收,并在谐振Q值等于参考常数Q值时退化为目前常用的Futterman模型。作为这种谐振Q模型的应用,介绍了它用于Q值测量结果外推和频散一吸收研究以及粘弹性介质中反射地震道合成的结果。  相似文献