河口鱼类早期资源生态学研究进展_*     

线薇微  张辉  刘淑德 《海洋科学集刊》2016,51(51):167-180

河口是咸淡水交汇的水域,有大量的营养物质,是初级生产力和浮游生物最丰富的水域,为鱼类及其幼鱼的生长提供了丰富的饵料基础。本文综述了国内外有关河口鱼类早期资源(鱼类浮游生物)生态学研究的若干最新研究进展,内容包括：河口鱼类浮游生物的生态类型、种类组成和时空分布,温度、盐度、混浊度、食物、其他动物捕食等环境要素,厄尔尼诺和拉妮娜现象等气候现象,和大型工程建设、过度捕捞和污染等人为因素对河口鱼类浮游生物群落结构影响的研究。  相似文献   

Preliminary Observations on the Feeding Activity of Fishes during Tidal and Diel Cycles in the Loire Estuary: The Bib Trisopterus luscus L. 1758     

J. P. ROBIN  J. MARCHAND 《Marine Ecology》1986,7(2):181-189

Abstract. .Series of experimental trawls repeated over the same area during both 12 and 24 h cycles coupled with an analysis of the stomach contents of the bib demonstrated quantitative and qualitative variations in the predator's diet. The population studied feeds continuously over 24 h, the coefficient of "fullness" is relatively constant, and freshly eaten prey can be observed both during the day and at night. The proportion of brown shrimp in the food increases after high tide, especially when this occurs at night, coinciding with the shrimp's period of maximum activity. However, the overall impact of the bib on the shrimp population depends more on the abundance of the former than on variations in their individual food intake.  相似文献   

南方鲇的排粪量及消化率同日粮水平、体重和温度的关系   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19       下载免费PDF全文

谢小军  孙儒泳 《海洋与湖沼》1993,24(6):627-633

于１９８８年２月－１９８９年２月测定了南方鲇幼鱼的排粪量，从而估算共消化率。结果表明，当水温为２５℃时，在日粮水平分别是体重的１％，２％，４％和达饱食的条件下，平均消化率分别为摄入食物能量的８０．３２％，８４．９４％，８８．４０％ｔ ８７．２７％；在平均初始体重分别为８．７２，２５．４３，４５．１６，７８．１８和１２７．５ｇ的实验组中，平均消化率分别为８６．５９％，８１．１５％，９０．３８％，８６  相似文献   

莱州湾三山岛产卵场调查与设定《资源保护区》的建议     

于浩  杨秀霞  高天翔  曾晓起  任一平 《海洋湖沼通报》2001,(1):71-75

本文以笔者调查资料为基础，扼要阐明了三山岛产卵场的鱼类种类、水域生物学与地理学条件及形成该产卵场的机理，并根据当前渔业资源状况，提出了建立《资源保护区》的建议，以为黄渤海渔业资源的可持续利用奠定基础。  相似文献   

俄国鱼类行为与感觉（Ⅱ）     

何大仁 《台湾海峡》1996,15(3):310-318

本文简述俄国鱼类感觉生理研究基本方向与结果。介绍感觉系统结构与功能特点及其在各行为类型中的作用，不同生态类型、不同进化位置、不同年龄、不同动力状态鱼类感觉器官的形态特点。  相似文献   

渤海鱼类群落结构特征的研究   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

朱鑫华  杨纪明  唐启升 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(1):6-13

根据１９８２－１９８５年和１９９２年８月－１９９３年６月间渤海渔业增殖生态学调查所得的１０９０网次定量资料，运用数理统计的方法，分析鱼类群落结构多样性综合指标的变化特征。结果表明，在１９８２－１９８５年间渤海鱼类鱼种数为１１９种，其中暖温种居首位，占５７．９８％；暖水种次之，占２８．５７％；冷温种种数最少，占１３．４５％。群落结构的季节变化规律呈现单周期型，１０月份鱼种数最多，达８３种；２月份仅为  相似文献   

舟山鱼类油脂中饱和及不饱和脂肪酸组成的初步研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

叶新荣  吴亚平 《海洋科学》1990,14(3):40-43

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The expression of CYP1A, vitellogenin and zona radiata proteins in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after oral dosing with two commercial PBDE flame retardant mixtures: absence of short-term responses     

J. P. Boon  J. J. van Zanden  W. E. Lewis  B. N. Zegers  A. Goksyr  A. Arukwe 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5)

The short-term effects of the commercial PBDE flame retardant mixtures Penta-BDE and Octa-BDE on the expression of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), vitellogenin (Vtg) and zona radiata proteins (Zrp) were investigated in juvenile salmon (Salmo salar). For this purpose, groups of fish were dosed twice (oral intake at days 1 and 4) with 10 and 50 mg/kg body weight of both commercial mixtures. The fishes were sacrificed at day 7 (n=5 for each group) and 14 (n=6 for each group), and blood, liver, fillet, and brain were collected. Blanks and positive controls were also part of the experiment. The expressions of Vtg, Zrp, and CYP1A were measured with several techniques (EROD, ELISA, Western, Northern and Slot Blot). The values in the groups of fish treated with Penta-BDE or Octa-BDE did not significantly differ from the reference group for any of the parameters tested. In contrast, the positive control groups treated with estradiol-17β for Vtg and Zrp expression, and β-naphthoflavone for CYP1A expression did show a significant response, indicating the potential sensitivity of the fishes for the parameters measured. Since the results of the chemical analyses showed concentrations of a number of PBDE congeners in liver, fillet, and brain that were about three orders of magnitude above those of fish from the North Sea, it is concluded that the short-term toxicity of both commercial PBDE mixtures for these endpoints was low.  相似文献   

鱼类生长激素的分子生物学和应用研究的进展   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

徐斌  李德尚  张培军 《海洋与湖沼》1997,28(5):553-557

依据１９８５－１９９５年国际有关资料对鱼类生长激素的分子生物学及其研究的最新成果与进展进行综合评述。研究表明，已完成鳗鲡等９种鱼类生长激素的氨基酸组成与全序列分析及大麻哈鱼等２０种鱼类的生长激素基因的分离与克隆，有些已在工程菌或动物细胞中的高效表达；鱼类生长激素基因的调控机制与生长激素的活性部位研究正在深入进行；将外源的生长上入鱼体或将外源的生长激素基因导入受体鱼，以期促进生长，增加抗性，是生长激  相似文献   

o,p′-DDT induction of vitellogenesis and its inhibition by tamoxifen in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)     

Olga Leaos-Castaeda  Glen Van Der Kraak  Andrea Lister  Raúl Sim-Alvarez  Gerardo Gold-Bouchot 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5)

In order to investigate the mechanism by which o,p′-DDT disrupts endocrine functioning of Nile tilapia in vivo, the estrogenicity of o,p′-DDT was investigated in conjunction with 17β-estradiol (E₂) and tamoxifen. Mature, male tilapia were treated intraperitoneally with o,p′-DDT (60 mg/kg, one dose) or E₂ (5 mg/kg, four doses) in the presence or absence of tamoxifen (5 mg/kg, six doses) for 12 days and then plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) (measured as alkaline-labile phosphorous), E₂, and testosterone (T) were measured. Vtg levels were increased dramatically by E₂ (1744±171 μg/ml) and moderately by o,p′-DDT (82±15 μg/ml) compared with controls (23±3.5 μg/ml). Tamoxifen alone had no effect on Vtg production, but inhibited both E₂ and o,p′-DDT stimulated vitellogenesis. T levels were reduced with E₂ administration (1688±383 pg/ml) and declined further with the combined treatment of E₂ and tamoxifen (281±70 pg/ml), compared with controls (6558±1438 pg/ml). Tamoxifen or o,p′-DDT alone did not affect T levels, but their combined treatment did (2069±647 pg/ml). The results of this study suggest that o,p′-DDT is weakly estrogenic in male tilapia, and that this activity may be mediated through the estrogen receptor.  相似文献