Contamination of harbor sediments in the eastern Gulf of Finland (Neva Bay), Baltic Sea     

S. M. Ussenkov 《Environmental Geology》1997,32(4):274-280

 The areal distribution of oil products and various trace metals have been studied in bottom surface deposits from the harbors of Neva Bay. The data of contents were normalized to natural background concentrations. Also the size and biomass of benthos groups were analyzed. The results show clearly that industrial discharges have elevated levels of contamination in the sediments. Few efficient measures against environmental contamination have been taken. The sediments contain very high concentrations of oil products and such heavy metals as Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn. The benthic organisms most sensitive to heavy metal contamination are Chironomidae. The dredging and dumping of the contaminated deposits can lead to secondary contamination of the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic proper. Received: 18 November 1996 · Accepted: 17 March 1997  相似文献   

Effects of long-term dumping of harbor-dredged material on macrozoobenthos at four disposal sites along the Emilia-Romagna coast (Northern Adriatic Sea, Italy)     

Simonini R  Ansaloni I  Cavallini F  Graziosi F  Iotti M  Massamba N'siala G  Mauri M  Montanari G  Preti M  Prevedelli D 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(12):457-1605

Sediment from harbors of the Emilia-Romagna (Northern Adriatic Sea) were dredged and dumped in four disposal areas characterized by muddy bottoms. The long-term effects of the dumping on macrozoobenthic communities were investigated before and after 6 month, 8 month, 2 years and 4 years. The disposal of dredged material did not influence the granulometry and %TOC in the sediment, and no alterations in the structure of the macrobenthic communities were observed in the four areas. The lack of impact could be ascribed to the environmental characteristics and precautionary measures taken to minimize the effects of the dumping. It appears that: (1) the communities of the dumping areas are well adapted to unstable environments; (2) the sediments were disposed gradually and homogeneously over relatively large areas; Other factors that help to reduce the impact of sediment disposal are the low concentrations of contaminants in dredged materials and the similarity of sediment in the dredged and disposal areas. Off-shore discharge appears a sustainable strategy for the management of uncontaminated dredged sediments from the Northern Adriatic Sea harbors.  相似文献   

Derelict fishing gear in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands: diving surveys and debris removal in 1999 confirm threat to coral reef ecosystems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Donohue MJ  Boland RC  Sramek CM  Antonelis GA 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(12):1301-1312

Marine debris threatens Northwestern Hawaiian Islands' (NWHI) coral reef ecosystems. Debris, a contaminant, entangles and kills endangered Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi), coral, and other wildlife. We describe a novel multi-agency effort using divers to systematically survey and remove derelict fishing gear from two NWHI in 1999. 14 t of derelict fishing gear were removed and debris distribution, density, type and fouling level documented at Lisianski Island and Pearl and Hermes Atoll. Reef debris density ranged from 3.4 to 62.2 items/km². Trawl netting was the most frequent debris type encountered (88%) and represented the greatest debris component recovered by weight (35%), followed by monofilament gillnet (34%), and maritime line (23%). Most debris recovered, 72%, had light or no fouling, suggesting debris may have short oceanic circulation histories. Our study demonstrates that derelict fishing gear poses a persistent threat to the coral reef ecosystems of the Hawaiian Archipelago.  相似文献   

东营港经济开发区吹填土现场固化试验     

冯玉国  朱家东  宋彬斌 《岩土工程技术》2008,22(2):101-104,F0003

用新型固化剂对东营港经济开发区吹填土进行了现场固化试验。试验结果表明,吹填土掺入2％固化剂和6％水泥,可显著提高其无侧限抗压强度,固化厚度30-35cm时地基承载力达到120kPa且沉降符合规范要求。  相似文献   

楼兰地区新发现斗检封及其指示意义          下载免费PDF全文

张磊  秦小光  许冰  穆桂金  李康康  魏东  吴勇  刘嘉麒 《干旱区地理》2018,41(3):545-552

楼兰地区新发现一枚斗检封,该斗检封为红铜质,斗形,铸文释读为"官律所平"。对于丰富楼兰时期文字、书法、印玺艺术、文书程式等研究提供了珍贵的实物资料。斗检封所在周围的地理环境与周围散落的其他文物及楼兰周边遗址地理分布情况表明,楼兰先民的生产生活类活动可能主要集中在楼兰古城的东、南、西部区域,而大型的祭祀、宗教等活动主要集中在楼兰北部区域。斗检封所在位置应该是在楼兰通往外部的一条重要交通线上,"张千人丞印"附近可能是某一级官府所在地且周围环境利于人类生存。这对于认识楼兰时期古丝绸之路的位置以及楼兰古城周边生业环境状况能够提供重要参考。  相似文献   

泥质岩盖层对水溶相天然气封闭能力的综合评价方法及其应用   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

付广  康德江  段海凤 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,36(1):60-65

为了研究泥质岩盖层对水溶相天然气封闭能力,在泥质岩盖层对水溶相天然气封闭机理分析的基础上,利用达西定律建立了一套单位压差下水溶相天然气通过泥质岩盖层相对渗滤速度的研究方法,根据水溶相天然气通过泥质岩盖层渗滤速度的相对大小,建立了泥质岩盖层对水溶相天然气封闭能力的综合评价指标———CSWI。CSWI既可以反映泥质岩盖层本身特征对水溶相天然气封闭能力的影响,又可以反映地层水特征对水溶相天然气封闭能力的影响。将CSWI应用于大庆长垣以东地区泉一、二段泥质岩盖层对水溶相天然气封闭能力的综合评价中,结果得到该区泉一、二段泥质岩盖层在西部具有好的封闭水溶相天然气能力,向东部其封闭能力逐渐降为中等。评价结果与该区西部天然气相对富集的地质条件吻合,这表明该方法用于泥质岩盖层对水溶相天然气封闭能力的综合评价是可行的。  相似文献   

Coupled stratigraphic and fault seal modelling used to describe trap integrity in the frontier Bight Basin,Australia     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Top seals and faults represent key risks to trap integrity and therefore preservation of hydrocarbons in the frontier Ceduna Sub-basin, offshore Southern Australia. Due to a paucity of well data in the basin, to provide constraint to the stratigraphic distribution of the prospective Cretaceous deltaic and marine sequences, stratigraphic forward modelling was utilised to create facies, grain size and V_shale volumes. These modelled V_shale volumes were subsequently used to investigate the structural control(s) on potential hydrocarbon leakage and migration within key stratigraphic sequences in the sub-basin.A set of coarse (20 km horizontal resolution), large scale (1100 × 600 km) stratigraphic forward models simulated the deposition of Late Jurassic to Tertiary stratigraphic sequences in the sub-basin with an initial 1 Ma interval. Smaller (80 × 60 km), finer scale (0.5 km horizontal resolution, 200 ka interval), models focussing on the Tiger and Hammerhead Supersequences over the Trim 3D seismic survey were used to investigate fault seal and top seal frameworks, using shale gouge ratio and silt and shale thicknesses from V_shale volume. Four stratigraphic forward models were produced to match a range of estimates of V_shale derived from the Gnarlyknots-1A well, the only well penetrating the central Ceduna Sub-basin. These stratigraphies were in turn integrated into a geological model interpreted from the Trim 3D seismic survey creating a geocellular model to test potential migration and trapping scenarios for potential hydrocarbons generated in the sub-basin.Fault and top seal models from the most likely scenario suggest (i) restricted potential for structural trapping near the base of the Tiger Supersequence, (ii) the possible presence of a regional migration pathway associated with sandy shoreface deposits at the transition between the Tiger and Hammerhead Supersequences, and (iii) the association of intraformational top seals and increasing fault seal potential in the deltaic sediments of the Hammerhead Supersequence feasibly resulting in a series of stacked structural traps.  相似文献   

东寨港红树林凋落叶附生小型底栖动物的群落特征及影响因素          下载免费PDF全文

王娟  宋迎春  张烨  李诗川  刘小玉  慕芳红 《海洋科学》2023,47(9):28-39

小型底栖动物是红树林生态系统的重要组成部分,研究红树林小型底栖动物群落的群落特征,对于了解其生物多样性、监测和评价红树林生态系统的健康具有重要意义。本研究于2020年11月对海南省东寨港红树林国家级自然保护区的五个典型红树林的凋落叶附生小型底栖动物及其沉积物环境进行了调查采样,研究凋落叶附生小型底栖动物群落特征及其影响因素。共发现十二个小型底栖动物类群,自由生活海洋线虫类和底栖桡足类相对丰度分别为67.67%和29.31%。凋落叶附生小型底栖动物的平均丰度为5.27±3.35 ind·g^–1,平均生物量为4.94±2.35μg dwt·g^–1。凋落叶附生小型底栖动物的丰度与生物量在不同红树林间差异显著,白骨壤、红海榄群落的丰度和生物量较高,混合红树群落的丰度和生物量最低。丰度、生物量与凋落叶可溶性缩合单宁含量、沉积物分选系数显著负相关,与偏态系数显著正相关。BIOENV分析结果显示沉积物叶绿素a含量、凋落物纤维素缩合单宁含量、沉积物分选系数和偏态系数的环境因子组合能最好地解释小型底栖动物的群落结构。本研究结果可为加深对红树林生态系统的整体认识...  相似文献   

东北地区深层侏罗系火山 — 沉积序列与储盖组合及勘探意义 ——以海拉尔盆地侏罗系为例     

贾进华  陶士振  方向  侯艳平 《地质学报》2021,95(2):377-395

为揭示东北地区侏罗系火山—沉积序列与储盖组合等地质特征,进一步评价深层油气勘探潜力,本文基于勘探现状,利用露头调查、钻测井对比、岩芯观察、结合地震解释等方法,分析了东北地区侏罗纪盆地构造背景,认为早—中侏罗世和晚侏罗世具有不同的构造环境和盆地性质.早—中侏罗世为受控于蒙古-额霍茨克造山作用的挤压型断陷-坳陷盆地,受到了...  相似文献   

厦门西港表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量、分布及来源   总被引：29，自引：2，他引：29  

田蕴  郑天凌  王新红 《海洋与湖沼》2004,35(1):15-20

采用气相色谱与质谱联用(GC／MS)技术,通过3个航次对厦门西港沉积物中16种优先监控的PAHs的污染状况进行不同季节的连续调查。结果表明,厦门西港沉积物中检出的PAHs均以4—6环的为主,其中荧葸和芘在不同航次及不同站位均为优势组分。PAHs的总含量变化不明显,但高分子量的PAHs(5—6环)的含量却有升高的趋势。厦门西港沉积物中的PAHs主要来源于矿物的不完全燃烧,与1993年的调查结果相比,厦门西港沉积物中PAHs的含量有所减少,与国内外其他相似地区比较属中等水平。  相似文献