Wave energy input into the Ekman layer   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

WU KeJian  YANG ZhongLiang  LIU Bin  GUAN ChangLong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(1):134-141

This paper is concerned with the wave energy input into the Ekman layer, based on 3 observational facts that surface waves could significantly affect the profile of the Ekman layer. Under the assumption of constant vertical diffusivity, the analytical form of wave energy input into the Ekman layer is derived. Analysis of the energy balance shows that the energy input to the Ekman layer through the wind stress and the interaction of the Stokes-drift with planetary vorticity can be divided into two kinds. One is the wind energy input, and the other is the wave energy input which is dependent on wind speed, wave characteristics and the wind direction relative to the wave direction. Estimates of wave energy input show that wave energy input can be up to 10% in high-latitude and high-wind speed areas and higher than 20% in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, compared with the wind energy input into the classical Ekman layer. Results of this paper are of significance to the study of wave-induced large scale effects.  相似文献   

The enrichment characteristics of mercury in the sediments of Dongjiu and Xijiu, Taihu lake catchment, in the past century   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

YanHong Wu  XueZhong Jiang  EnFeng Liu  ShuChun Yao  YuXin Zhu  ZhaoBin Sun 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(6):848-854

The concentration and the enrichment factors of mercury (Hg) in the sediment cores of Dongjiu and Xijiu, Taihu Lake catchment, were studied. The accumulation fluxes, anthropogenic input concentration and anthropogenic accumulation fluxes of Hg in recent 100 years were also analyzed based on the 210Pb dating. The results indicate that the increasing concentrations of Hg in the sediments are influ-enced by natural factors and anthropogenic input simultaneously. Generally, about 2/3 of the Hg in the sediment was from anthropogenic sources. In the early 20th century, the anthropogenic input was owing to the urban development and fossil fuel consumptions surrounding the Taihu Lake and the worldwide atmospheric deposition of Hg since the industrial revolution. The concentration and an-thropogenic fluxes of Hg increased with the industrial development in the catchment since the 1930s. It reached the maximum during the middle 1970s and middle 1990s, and decreased since the middle 1990s with constraints on high pollution industries.  相似文献   

核电站抗震研究综述   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

戚承志  钱七虎 《地震工程与工程振动》2000,20(3):76-86

核电站抗震性一直是核电站设计的主要问题之一。随着此问题各方面研究的深入和研究手段的进步,核电站的抗震计算理论也在不断发展,本文试图根据已有的资料,在核电站抗震问题的一些主要方面（地震输入参数的确定,抗震计算理论,结构与地基的相互作用,支加速度谱及反应谱的确定,建筑物及设备的抗震计算,地基,基础及地下建筑的抗震计算等）研究状况作一些综述,并在此基础上展望一下需要解决的问题。  相似文献   

GPS in dynamic monitoring of long-period structures   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

M.   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,20(5-8):477-483

Global Positioning System (GPS) technology with high sampling rates (10 samples per second) allows scientifically justified and economically feasible dynamic measurements of relative displacements of long-period structures—otherwise difficult to measure directly by other means, such as the most commonly used accelerometers that require post-processing including double integration. We describe an experiment whereby the displacement responses of a simulated tall building are measured clearly and accurately in real-time. Such measurements can be used to assess average drift ratios and changes in dynamic characteristics, and therefore can be used by engineers and building owners or managers to assess the building performance during extreme motions caused by earthquakes and strong winds. By establishing threshold displacements or drift ratios and identifying changing dynamic characteristics, procedures can be developed to use such information to secure public safety and/or take steps to improve the performance of the building.  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of influence factors on arable land use intensity at farm household level: A case study comparing Suyu District of Suqian City and Taixing City, Jiangsu Province, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiao Lu  Xianjin Huang  Taiyang Zhong  Xiaofeng Zhao  Yingxue Chen  Shuiqiong Guo 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2012,22(5):556-567

Using data from the farm household survey conducted in 2009,arable land use intensity(ALUI)and its influence factors at farm household level were investigated by the Tobit model.Suyu District of Suqian City and Taixing City of Jiansu Province,China were chosen as the regions for comparison.The results show that:1)On the average, the ALUI,labor intensity,yield-increasing input,and labor-saving input are 15 238.14 yuan(RMB)/ha,192 d/ha, 7233.01 yuan/ha,and 2451.32 yuan/ha in the less economically developed Suyu District,and 13 020.65 yuan/ha,181 d/ha,5871.82 yuan/ha,and 2625.97 yuan/ha in more economically developed Taixing City.The figures indicate that Suyu District has higher ALUI and labor intensity input but lower labor-saving input.2)Comparing all the influence factors,the total arable land area in available and average plot size have bigger effects on arable land intensive use;to a small degree,family′s non-farm income affects labor intensity,yield-increasing input,and labor-saving input;the yield-increasing input decreases significantly when the householder has higher education attainment;the commercialization rates of agricultural products and the planting proportion of cash crops both have unstable influence on ALUI; the share of arable land rented in has few impacts on labor intensity,yield-increasing input,and labor-saving input. 3)There are no differences found in the internal impact mechanism of influence factors on the arable land intensive use behaviors of farm households.However,there are conspicuous disparities in the impact degrees and statistical significance based on varying economic levels.4)Using the results as bases,this study proposes that the government should implement land management and agricultural policies according to local condition.And these policies should decrease land fragmentation to promote scale management of land and arable land use intensification.  相似文献   

东海沉积物中微生物标志物GDGTs年代际变化及来源   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张婷  邢磊  张海龙  李莉  赵晓晨  陈蔚芳  赵美训 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2012,(3):87-95

甘油双烷基甘油四醚(Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers,GDGTs)是近几年来新发现的一类生物标志化合物,基于GDGTs的各种指标以其在指示物质来源以及海洋和陆地古温度重建等方面显示出的巨大应用潜力,逐渐成为古海洋学、古湖沼学和古气候学研究的重要工具。对采自东海陆架区的DH5-1站位(29°28.118′N、123°06.639′E,水深63.5m)的柱状沉积物样品进行了总有机质和GDGTs分析,研究了GDGTs化合物在东海陆架区柱状沉积物样品中的含量和沉积通量变化,并利用δ13 C、C/N以及基于GDGTs化合物的BIT指标讨论了该海区近150年来沉积有机质的来源变化。结果显示,近百年来东亚冬季风的增强,加强了冬季闽浙沿岸流对长江口沉积物的搬运,使得该海区陆源输入量呈增加趋势,但20世纪80年代以来,人类活动的加剧导致营养盐输入的增加,使得海洋生产力提高,沉积有机质中陆源有机质比例下降。  相似文献   

Environmental Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Freshwater Sediment,Serbia          下载免费PDF全文

Sanja M. Sakan  Gordana J. Dević  Dubravka J. Relić  Ivan B. Anđelković  Nenad M. Sakan  Dragana S. Đorđević 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(6):838-845

  相似文献   

地震模拟图纸数字化存储的实现   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

蒋宏毅  王红蕾  边鹏飞  冯录刚 《地震地磁观测与研究》2015,(3)

地震模拟图纸数字化存储技术方案设计分为3个环节:图纸扫描并保存为图形文件、图纸信息录入、图纸信息校验。对图纸扫描过程中的各个参数进行分析研究,并给出参数的选定方法和参考值。对关键技术(信息校验)进行分析研究,设计3种校验规则:文件命名校验规则、非法输入规则和放大倍数校验规则。此外,研发图纸信息录入软件和图纸信息校验软件,完成河北省地震局259 744张地震模拟图纸(有震图纸)的数字化存储。  相似文献   

ABAQUS动力无限元人工边界研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

戚玉亮  大塚久哲 《岩土力学》2014,35(10):3007-3012

针对动力场天然无限地基的数值模拟与地震波输入问题进行了一些有意义的研究,评述了现有动力计算常用无限元的优缺点,详细阐述了ABAQUS无限元理论体系框架,并加以改进,提出一种考虑外域地震动影响的ABAQUS动力无限元人工边界。采用等效边界力的叠加原理,对入射波和散射波分开处理,视入射波和散射波在边界上互不影响,将输入地震动转化为作用于有限元无限元交界面上的等效应力的方法来解决外源波的入射问题。算例验证结果表明：内源振动和固定边界会出现失真和扰动现象,同时该计算结果与黏弹性边界的计算结果对比可知,该方法对外行散射波的过滤作用优于黏弹性边界。因此,改进的ABAQUS动力无限元人工边界理论方法有效且具有一定的稳定性。  相似文献   

结构抗震技术经济投入产出效益分析的一种新指标     

杜永峰  李慧 《震灾防御技术》2014,9(2):182-191

本文提出一种评估同一地区不同类型结构的抗震投入产出效益的新指标,即结构价值损失比率。利用"5·12"汶川地震后对甘肃陇南的学校、住宅、办公、医院和生命线工程等9类建筑物的调查统计结果,研究了震害等级、经济损失与结构抗震初始投入之间的关系,建立了结构价值损失比率与结构初始投入之间的关系和高烈度区危房率与地震地面运动峰值之间的关系。对比分析了土-木组合、砖-木组合、砖砌体结构、非隔震框架结构和基础隔震结构等不同类型结构的抗震性能,并与实际鉴定的震害等级相比较。利用结构价值损失比率,初步说明了采用隔震新技术结构的减灾效益。  相似文献