Annual and spatial variations of chemical and physical properties in the Ross Sea surface waters (Antarctica)     

Serena Massolo  Roberta Messa  Paola Rivaro  Riccardo Leardi 《Continental Shelf Research》2009

Temperature, salinity, meltwater percentage, water column stability, dissolved oxygen and nutrients were measured in seawater samples collected at three fixed depths (0, 20, 100 m) in 104 stations located in three different areas of the Ross Sea (Antarctica), during four Italian Antarctic surveys carried out between 1998 and 2006. Nutrient data were used to quantify the nutrient removal, which appears particularly high in 2006, especially in polynya area. The N:P and Si:N disappearance ratios were studied to estimate the dominant phytoplanktonic community. No significant differences in the nutrient drawdown ratio were observed, in fact the N:P ratio was always below the Redfield standard ratio.  相似文献   

Biogeographical distribution and diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities within highly polluted anoxic marine sediments from the marmara sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zeynep Cetecio?lu  Bahar Kasapgil Ince  Orhan Ince 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(3):384-5283

Physicochemical and microbiological characterization of anoxic sediments taken from seven highly polluted sites of the Marmara Sea was carried out. The 16S rRNA based microbial community structure analyses were performed using domain-specific PCR followed by denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequencing of characteristic bands. The results showed that the microbial communities in these sediments were diverse and evenly distributed. Relating the prokaryotic and geochemical variables through statistical tools revealed that the microbial diversity in the sediments significantly related to depth, and S, Mn and Fe content of the sediments. Fermentative bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were dominant whereas sulfate reducing bacteria were absent in the DGGE patterns. This unusual microbial community structure implied that the newly discovered anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification process may occur in these subseafloor environments.  相似文献   

利用独立分量分析进行火山灰云遥感检测          下载免费PDF全文

李成范  戴羊羊  赵俊娟  尹京苑  周时强 《地震地质》2014,36(1):137-147

火山灰云不但引起全球气候和环境系统的重大变化,而且还会威胁航空安全。热红外遥感技术为检测火山灰云提供了新手段,但是遥感数据自身的冗余和波段相关性大大降低了火山灰云的检测精度。独立分量分析(Independent Component Analysis,ICA)能够实现遥感数据的去相关和消除冗余,在火山灰云检测中具有一定的潜力。通过探索火山灰云的物理、化学性质,文中以2010年4月19日冰岛艾雅法拉(Eyjafjallajokull)火山灰云MODIS图像为数据源,在对MODIS数据进行主成分分析处理的基础上,利用ICA进行火山灰云检测。结果表明:ICA能够较好地从MODIS图像中获取火山灰云信息,所得结果与美国地质调查局标准光谱数据库和火山灰云SO2浓度分布具有较好的一致性,取得了较好的检测效果。  相似文献   

基于对象变化矢量分析的土地利用变化检测方法研究     

王丽云  李艳  汪禹芹 《地球信息科学学报》2014,16(2):307-313

变化检测是资源和环境遥感应用的一个重要内容。在变化矢量分析法的基础上,本文提出采用变化矢量-主成分分析法提取研究区变化信息,首先,对不同时相的遥感影像进行差值运算得到差值影像,再对其进行主成分变换并选取主分量,最后,使用多尺度分割获取影像对象。在影像分割的基础上,采用变化矢量-主成分分析方法构建自动检测规则提取变化信息,并作精度评价。研究表明：基于对象的变化矢量-主成分分析方法不仅可克服传统的基于像元式方法难以利用空间信息的缺陷,有效避免了“椒盐”噪声,而且可将多波段差值信息经主成分变换后集中在几个累计贡献率较高的主成分分量上;同时,结合了变化矢量法与主成分分析法的优点,与单独使用变化矢量分析法相比提取精度明显提高。  相似文献   

一种基于数值逼近的KPCA改进算法     

赵英男  王水平  郑玉 《南京气象学院学报》2012,4(4):362-365

核方法广泛应用于模式识别等领域,但其存在着特征抽取效率和样本集的大小成反比的瓶颈问题.因此提出一种基于数值逼近的方法确定虚拟样本矢量,以此代替训练样本,提高KPCA(Kernel Principle Component Analysis)特征抽取效率.在确定虚拟样本矢量时,只需将样本矢量的初值设定为随机变量,算法实现简单、高效.在基准数据集上的实验结果显示该算法优于同类算法.  相似文献   

浅析去相关拉伸及其在分类中的应用     

杨宪平  蔡丽娜 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,(6):175-177

很多情况下,我们得到的遥感影像是模糊难辨的。非监督分类作为最常用的分类手段之一,受这种情况影响严重。应用去相关拉伸处理,可以增强饱和度且保留色度信息,有利于图像解译。本文将在前人研究的基础上,利用光谱特征空间、频率分布直方图和非监督分类的结果分析去相关拉伸,并探究其在非监督分类中的应用。  相似文献   

基于Landsat 8的辽宁弓长岭区遥感蚀变信息提取     

贺金鑫  姜天  董永胜  韩凯旭  马宁  熊玥 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(3):893-901

在详细解读辽宁弓长岭区Landsat 8影像数据的基础上,结合矿物光谱理论和弓长岭地区（地表植被覆盖严重）的基础地质资料,采用主成分分析法与比值法相结合的方式对该区2017-05和2017-08两个时段的Landsat 8多光谱遥感数据的蚀变异常信息进行了提取。结果表明：利用主成分分析法与比值法相互结合所形成的波段组合比单独运用主成分分析所提取的蚀变异常信息更加明显;此次研究中2017-05数据所提取出的羟基蚀变信息及2017-08数据所提取的铁染蚀变信息主要分布于弓长岭一矿区、二矿区、三矿区和独木-八盘岭矿区地表出露矿体的外围。这也说明将主成分分析法与比值法相结合对于植被覆盖严重区域的蚀变信息提取仍具有较好的效果。  相似文献   

Spatial distribution of metals in ground/surface waters in the Chandrapur district (Central India) and their plausible sources   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. R. Satapathy  P. R. Salve  Y. B. Katpatal 《Environmental Geology》2009,56(7):1323-1352

This study addresses a framework to evaluate and map environmental hazard with reference to spatial distribution of major and trace metal contamination and its relationship with lithology in Chandrapur district of Maharashtra, India using geospatial, statistical and GIS tools. In all, 208 ground water and 35 surface water samples were collected using global positioning system (GPS) synoptically with satellite imagery IRS P6 LISS III and were analyzed in ICP-AES. Analytical results reflect the presence of major and trace metals in ground water in terms of % as Fe (48%), Mn (12%), Zn (9%), Al (8%), Pb (7%), Cu (6%), Ni (4%), Cd (3%) and Cr (3%) of the total average concentration. The contamination is attributed to weathering of rocks and also to mining activities. Similarly, surface water contribution of major and trace metals was found as Al (47.8%), Fe (42.8%), Mn (5.5%), Zn (2.3%), Pb (0.56%), Ni (0.42%), Cu (0.16%), Cr (0.16%) and Cd (0.10%) of the total average concentration. Ordinary kriging interpolation method was adopted to assess the spatial distribution of different major and trace metals in groundwater samples with their best model fit variogram Classical statistical method like principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out in order to establish correlation between spatial pattern of metal contamination and geology of the area in GIS environment. Various surface and subsurface aspects like landuse/land cover, structural features, hydrogeology, topography etc were also considered to ascertain their impact to supplement the inference of the study.  相似文献   

基于SVD和PCA方法重构干涉格林函数     

张俊  熊章强  张大洲  陈杰  刘云昌 《物探化探计算技术》2019,(2):173-180

地震干涉法(SI)是一种用来计算两个信号接收点之间格林函数(GF)的方法,它的基本假设是以其中一个接收点位置为虚拟源,可用来计算两点间震源传播的旅行时间。然而采用直接叠加的方法压制干扰信号,计算得到的干涉格林函数效果不佳,因而计算得到的旅行时间也不够精确。这里基于奇异值分解法(SVD)对叠加前的互相关矩阵进行分解及重构,可以有效压制两点间来自干扰源的信号,再利用主成分分析法(PCA)对固有几何拓扑结构降维特性提取主信号,计算得到新的干涉格林函数。数值模拟及实测数据处理结果表明:使用SVD和PCA综合处理方法,能有效提高干涉格林函数的准确性。  相似文献   

共模误差PCA与ICA提取方法的比较     

明锋  杨元喜  曾安敏 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(4):385-389

为消除共模误差CME,目前广泛应用的主成分分析法（PCA）基于观测数据的二阶统计量（方差和协方差）将观测网残差分解成一组不相关的随时间变化的模态和对应的空间响应,而GPS时间序列分布具有非高斯特征,二阶统计量不能完全描述其随机特性。本文假设区域网CME 与其他误差相互统计独立,则可以采用独立分量分析（ICA）法。采用模拟数据对ICA提取CME的精确性和有效性进行验证,并与PCA结果进行对比。结果表明,ICA能够有效地提取观测网CME。  相似文献