Spartina densiflora demonstrates high tolerance to phenanthrene in soil and reduces it concentration     

Redondo-Gómez S  Andrades-Moreno L  Parra R  Valera-Burgos J  Real M  Mateos-Naranjo E  Cox L  Cornejo J 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(8):1800-1808

The present study was conducted to investigate the tolerance of Spartina densiflora to phenanthrene, and to test its ability in phenanthrene dissipation. A glasshouse experiment was designed to investigate the effect of phenanthrene from 0 to 1000 mg kg⁻¹ on growth and photosynthetic apparatus of S. densiflora by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments. We also performed chemical analysis of plant samples, and determined the concentration of phenanthrene remaining in soil. S. densiflora survived to concentrations as high as 1000 mg kg⁻¹ phenanthrene in soil; in fact, there was no significant difference in RGR among the treatments after 30 days. Otherwise, phenanthrene affected photosynthetic apparatus at 100 and 1000 mg kg⁻¹; thus, the lower Φ_PSII could be explained by the declined photosynthetic pigment concentrations. Soil extraction indicated a more marked rate of phenanthrene disappearance in the soil in the presence of S. densiflora.  相似文献   

Cadmium‐Induced Physiological Response in Lonicera japonica Thunb.     

Zhouli Liu  Wei Chen  Xingyuan He  Lian Jia  Yanqing Huang  Yue Zhang  Shuai Yu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(5):478-484

Phytoremediation of Cd‐contaminated soil using hyperaccumulators has become a new promising technique. Lonicera japonica Thunb. has been reported as a new Cd‐hyperaccumulator. In this study, the effect of Cd stress duration on growth, photosynthesis and mineral nutrition of L. japonica was investigated. At 30 days after Cd stress, there was not any visual leaf symptoms in L. japonica, and an obvious stimulating effect of 10 mg kg^?1 Cd on net photosynthesis rate (P_N) was well correlated to photosynthetic pigment contents and mineral nutrition (Mg and Fe) concentrations. With Cd stress time extended, no significant differences of shoots and total biomass and P_N compared with the control was observed, indicating that L. japonica could develop effective tolerance mechanisms to avoid Cd‐induced damage to photosynthesis and growth. The photosynthetic performance remained functional through stomatal and non‐stomatal adjustments, and mineral nutrition responses. The improved growth based on shoots and total biomass and P_N by 10 mg kg^?1 Cd, as suggested by hormesis, may be beneficial to enhance the potential for phytoremediation, because it typically faced the low Cd concentrations in actual Cd‐contaminated soils. The study results indicated that L. japonica could be used for phytoremediation contaminated soils by Cd.  相似文献   

三苯基氯化锡(TPTC)对孔石莼光合作用及生长的影响   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

李钧  于仁诚  李正炎  颜天  周名江 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(4):404-407

于１９９５年５月在青岛太平角采集孔石莼,研究了三苯基氯化锡（ＴＰＴＣ）对其光合、呼吸、色素含量及生长的影响。结果表明,低浓度的ＴＰＴＣ≤２μｇ／Ｌ）对光 过程无明显作用,高浓度的ＴＰＴＣ（〉２μｇ／Ｌ）能抑制光合作用,当ＴＰＴＣ浓度达到１６μｇ／Ｌ时,光合过程基本停止,ＴＰＴＣ对光作用的半数效应浓度为９６ｈＥＣ５０＝７．３９μＧ／Ｌ。低浓度的ＴＰＴＣ就能够使呼吸速率加快,但ＴＰＴＣ浓度达到８μｇ／  相似文献   

胶州湾口内初级生产力的周年定点观测   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

潘友联  郭玉洁  曾呈奎 《海洋与湖沼》1995,26(3):309-316

于１９８３年１１月－１９８５年１１月利用黑白瓶测氧法研究了胶州湾东南部的初级生产力及其与各环境因子的关系。结果表明，调查区内初级生产力的变化范围是０．１０－２．８２ｇ／（ｍ＾２．ｄ）碳，年初级生产量的平均是２０６ｇ／ｍ＾２碳，夏半年（５－１０月）的初级生产量平均占全年生产量的７３．４５％，浮游植物的光合作用对有效太阳辐射能的平均利用率是０．６４％，初级生产力与水温，日太阳辐射能等均呈明显的正相磁，  相似文献   

Temperature extremes reduce seagrass growth and induce mortality     

C.J. Collier  M. Waycott 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

Extreme heating (up to 43 °C measured from five-year temperature records) occurs in shallow coastal seagrass meadows of the Great Barrier Reef at low tide. We measured effective quantum yield (_?PSII${?}_{\text{PSII}}$), growth, senescence and mortality in four tropical seagrasses to experimental short-duration (2.5 h) spikes in water temperature to 35 °C, 40 °C and 43 °C, for 6 days followed by one day at ambient temperature. Increasing temperature to 35 °C had positive effects on _?PSII${?}_{\text{PSII}}$ (the magnitude varied between days and was highly correlated with PPFD), with no effects on growth or mortality. 40 °C represented a critical threshold as there were strong species differences and there was a large impact on growth and mortality. At 43 °C there was complete mortality after 2–3 days. These findings indicate that increasing duration (more days in a row) of thermal events above 40 °C is likely to affect the ecological function of tropical seagrass meadows.  相似文献   

Diel tuning of photosynthetic systems in ice algae at Saroma-ko Lagoon, Hokkaido, Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shimpei Aikawa  Hiroshi Hattori  Yasushi Gomi  Kentaro Watanabe  Sakae Kudoh  Yasuhiro Kashino  Kazuhiko Satoh 《Polar Science》2009,3(1):57-72

Ice algae are the major primary producers in seasonally ice-covered oceans during the cold season. Diurnal change in solar radiation is inevitable for ice algae, even beneath seasonal sea ice in lower-latitude regions. In this work, we focused on the photosynthetic response of ice algae under diurnally changing irradiance in Saroma-ko Lagoon, Japan. Photosynthetic properties were assessed by pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorometry. The species composition remained almost the same throughout the investigation. The maximum electron transport rate (rETR_max), which indicates the capacity of photosynthetic electron transport, increased from sunrise until around noon and decreased toward sunset, with no sign of the afternoon depression commonly observed in other photosynthetic organisms. The level of non-photochemical quenching, which indicates photoprotection activity by dissipating excess light energy via thermal processes, changed with diurnal variations in irradiance. The pigment composition appeared constant, except for xanthophyll cycle pigments, which changed irrespective of irradiance. These results indicate that ice algae tune their photosynthetic system harmonically to achieve efficient photosynthesis under diurnally changing irradiance, while avoiding damage to photosystems. This regulation system may be essential for productive photosynthesis in ice algae.  相似文献   

A retrospective analysis of contamination and periphyton PICT patterns for the antifoulant irgarol 1051, around a small marina on the Swedish west coast     

Blanck H  Eriksson KM  Grönvall F  Dahl B  Guijarro KM  Birgersson G  Kylin H 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(2):230-237

Irgarol is a triazine photosystem II (PSII) inhibitor that has been used in Sweden as an antifouling ingredient since the 1990s. Early microcosm studies indicated that periphyton was sensitive to irgarol at concentrations regularly found in harbours and marinas. However, field studies of irgarol effects on the Swedish west coast in 1994, using the pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) approach, failed to detect any effects of the toxicant in the field. A PICT study involves sampling of replicate communities in a gradient of contamination, and a comparison of their community tolerance levels, with an increase being an indication that sensitive species have been eliminated and replaced by more tolerant ones. Typically, short-term assays are used to quantify the community tolerance levels. Later PICT studies in the same area over a 10 year period demonstrate that irgarol tolerance levels have increased, although the contamination pattern has been stable. Our results support the hypothesis that that the PICT potential was low initially, due to a small differential sensitivity between the community members, and that a persistent selection pressure was required to favour and enrich irgarol-tolerant species or genotypes.  相似文献   

Photosynthetic responses to Cu exposure are independent of light acclimation and uncoupled from growth inhibition in Fucus serratus (Phaeophyceae)     

Hanne Dalsgaard Nielsen  Sren Laurentius Nielsen 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):715

We have studied the effect of light acclimation on photosynthetic responses and growth during Cu²⁺ exposure (0–0.84 μM) in the brown seaweed Fucus serratus. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that Cu²⁺ exposure amplified ETR, reduced the chlorophyll content at the cellular level and that there was no effect of light adaptation on the Cu²⁺ resistance of the algae. In contrast to the inhibitory effects of Cu²⁺ on chlorophyll fluorescence, O₂ evolution and the total content of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the algae was unaffected by Cu²⁺. We conclude that photoinhibition and perhaps pigment degradation in the meristoderm was compensated for by cells deeper in the thallus with the result that the overall photosynthetic fitness of the algae was maintained. The pronounced inhibitory effects of Cu²⁺ on algae growth was not a consequence of photoinhibition and could be attributed to direct inhibitory effects on the growth process.  相似文献