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111.
多次波干扰是地震勘探中最重要的问题之一,其衰减技术也是地震数据处理的难题之一。本文主要介绍了多次波的形成、分类及其特征,并在ProMax系统上对合成地震记录的多次波进行了压制:首先采用合适的速度对时-空域的地震记录进行NMO校正;然后,分别用F-K变换和Radon变换方法将其变换到F-K域和Radon域,对多次波所占据的主要区域进行充零衰减;最后,通过对应的反变换将其变换到时-空域,从而达到多次波衰减的目的。通过在ProMax系统中的应用表明:不同方法对多次波的衰减效果各有优劣,组合滤波方法能达到更好的效果。 相似文献
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利用国际刻度参考装置AlphaGUARD测氡仪及水氡测量组件, 使用水中溶解氡(或豁免级氡气源), 开展代替目前氡气固体源校准方法实验。 对FD-125测氡仪标配的3个闪烁室(1#、 3#及5#)分别使用水中溶解氡和氡气固体源进行校准实验, 3个闪烁室的校准K值相对误差分别为5.06%, 1.92%及2.76%, 可以达到目前地震监测氡观测技术要求。 实验结果表明, 水中溶解氡代替氡气固体源校准, 可以解决目前氡气固体源校准中存在的运输困难、 维修技术要求高等问题, 是今后氡观测仪器校准技术的发展趋势。 相似文献
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Abstract The hydrological cycle in arid and semi-arid climates is highly controlled by evaporation. The correct quantification of this process is essential for improving the accuracy of water balance estimates, especially in closed basins. The objective of this paper is to characterize evaporation rates from shallow groundwater using the chamber approach in six closed basins in the Altiplano of northern Chile. Measurements were made at 49 locations with water-table depths ranging from 0.09 m to 3.3 m. Estimated daily evaporation rates appeared to be strongly related to groundwater depth and soil texture. In particular, the highest rates were recorded in areas with high groundwater tables and coarse-grained soils. Evaporation curves were derived by fitting exponential and power relationships as functions of the groundwater depths that we proposed to use in the study area. An application of these curves for the Salar de Pedernales basin produced an estimated evaporation flow of 530 L s-1, using the average curve. Citation Johnson, E., Yáñez, J., Ortiz, C. & Muñoz, J. (2010) Evaporation from shallow groundwater in closed basins in the Chilean Altiplano. Hydrol. Sci. J. 55(4), 624–635. 相似文献
115.
为了保证我国氡填图方法研究中关键参数土壤氡浓度测量结果的准确性和可靠性,笔者所在的实验室作为首次参加氡国际比对的中国组织,参加了2010年在捷克举行的3个氡参考点Cetyně、Bohostice和Buk现场测量国际比对。经T-学生分布检验,当显著性水平α=1%时,本实验室在氡参考点上45个测点的实测土壤氡浓度值cA与全部比对测量参加者的CA(2000年以来该参考点全部组织的平均值)数据有很好的一致性;3个参考点的平均氡浓度与自2000年以来在这些氡参考点进行试验的所有成功组织(N=180)提交数据形成的数据库中的数据高度一致,总相对误差小于6%。该成果表明本实验室的土壤氡测量技术已达国际相应水平。通过本次氡国际比对,发现了我国土壤氡测量中仪器校准、土壤气体采样技术等方面存在的问题,建议系统开展土壤氡测量方法及其技术规范等研究。 相似文献
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This work presents results from a nearly two-year monitoring of the hydrologic dynamics of the largest submarine spring system in Florida, Spring Creek Springs. During the summer of 2007 this spring system was observed to have significantly reduced flow due to persistent drought conditions. Our examination of the springs revealed that the salinity of the springs' waters had increased significantly, from 4 in 2004 to 33 in July 2007 with anomalous high radon (222Rn, t1/2=3.8 days) in surface water concentrations indicating substantial saltwater intrusion into the local aquifer. During our investigation from August 2007 to May 2009 we deployed on an almost monthly basis a continuous radon-in-water measurement system and monitored the salinity fluctuations in the discharge area. To evaluate the springs' freshwater flux we developed three different models: two of them are based on water velocity measurements and either salinity or 222Rn in the associated surface waters as groundwater tracers. The third approach used only salinity changes within the spring area. The three models showed good agreement and the results confirmed that the hydrologic regime of the system is strongly correlated to local precipitation and water table fluctuations with higher discharges after major rain events and very low, even reverse flow during prolong droughts. High flow spring conditions were observed twice during our study, in the early spring and mid-late summer of 2008. However the freshwater spring flux during our observation period never reached that reported from a 1970s value of 4.9×106 m3/day. The maximum spring flow was estimated at about 3.0×106 m3/day after heavy precipitation in February-March 2008. As a result of this storm (total of 173 mm) the salinity in the spring area dropped from about 27 to 2 in only two days. The radon-in-water concentrations dramatically increased in parallel, from about 330 Bq/m3 to about 6600 Bq/m3. Such a rapid response suggests a direct connection between the deep and the surficial aquifers. 相似文献
118.
The paper analyzes the radon data of nearly two decades on the Jiayuguan fault zone,discusses the main influencing factors,and puts forward the relationship between radon and air temperature,ground temperature and rainfall.We summarized the earthquake reflecting effect for ML≥5.0 about 400km within the Jiayuguan station,and reached the conclusion that it has better earthquake-reflecting ability before an earthquake,usually appearing as abnormal changes in sustained low value.By extracting the annual trend of radon in Jiayuguan station over many years,we discovered that the annual trend of radon has a close relationship with the seismic activity in surrounding areas,namely,if the annual variation of radon is larger,the seismic activity in surrounding areas is stronger;Otherwise,if the annual variation of radon is relatively stable,the seismic activity in the vicinity is weak. 相似文献
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