岩石变形实验热红外观测系统   总被引：19，自引：3，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

刘力强  陈国强  刘培洵  陈顺云  马瑾 《地震地质》2004,26(3):492-501

岩石变形导致的温度变化极其微弱 ,对观测系统与环境有严格要求。正确选择红外观测系统的参数 ,配备高灵敏度的温度场观测设备 ,以及有效地控制环境热背景决定了变形热红外实验结果的可靠性。在对噪声与干扰源进行详细分析的基础上 ,提出了进行热红外实验所需要的各主要设备的关键技术指标 ,并建立了一套相应的实验系统。典型材料样品实验表明 ,在考虑到变形热红外实验的各种特殊要求 ,认真选择观测设备 ,并进行了严格的误差校正之后 ,可以获得可靠的变形热过程信息  相似文献   

金属矿地震勘探物理模拟实验技术     

薛建  曾昭发  王者江  韩立国 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,34(3):464-470

在金属矿地震勘探的物理模拟中,实验技术研究是得到可靠实验结果的重要保证.通过控制环氧基混合材料混合比的实验,形成1 600～3 200m/s的速度差异,实现了对复杂岩性的模拟.在对山地模型的采集中,采用触点控制方式实现了高程测量和数据采集同步进行.采用页面模型模拟技术,实现了对复杂模型地震波总场信号的分解和归位.  相似文献   

微型桩组合抗滑结构受力机制的现场试验研究     

王洋  冯君  谢先当  赖冰  杨涛 《岩土力学》2018,39(11):4226-4231

针对有顶板连接的“八”字形微型桩组合结构,依托广大（广通至大理）线扩能改造工程,现场监测微型桩工作状态下轴力变化,对微型桩组合支护体系应用于分级开挖边坡加固的受力机制进行研究分析。结果表明：在滑坡推力作用下,各排桩桩身轴向力的分布形式不尽相同,沿推力方向依次呈现出反“S”型、“双弓”型和“S”型的分布规律;各排桩峰值轴力均为拉力,比例关系为：靠山侧桩:中间桩:靠路侧桩=2.5:4.1:3.2,其中靠山侧桩最大轴力出现在桩体下部,中间桩出现在中上部,靠路侧桩最大轴力出现在桩体上部;顶部承台对有斜桩的微型桩群的制约协调作用比一般的竖直桩群显著,水平荷载作用下的桩群易发生较大的挠曲变形,在群桩效应、坡体滑裂面等的综合影响下,引发桩体拉-压等受力形式的转变;组合结构的受力机制表现为先承受滑坡主推力的前两排桩受拉,第3排桩底部嵌固段受压,且随着持续推力作用受压区存在向上发展趋势;各单桩桩身轴力以拉力为主,有利于内部钢筋受拉优势的发挥。  相似文献   

东亚季风气候对青藏高原隆升的敏感性研究   总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24  

刘晓东  焦彦军 《大气科学》2000,24(5):593-607

青藏高原隆起是东亚季风形成演化的决定因子之一.利用GCM(大气环流模式)完成的一系列改变青藏高原地形高度的数值试验说明,东亚季风气候变化非常敏感地响应于高原隆升.在高原隆升达到现代高度的一半之前,东亚大约30°N以北地区近地面冬夏反向意义下的季风现象是不存在的.高原隆升对东亚冬季风的影响远大于对夏季风的影响.即使没有青藏高原,仅受海陆热力对比的作用,中国东部地区夏季已能出现偏南风;然而只有在青藏高原存在,且达到一定高度的情况下,东亚北方地区冬季才能盛行偏北风.从温湿状况看,大约长江以北的东亚北方季风强度随高原高度上升几乎呈线性增加,冬夏温度对比不断加大,降水也越来越向夏季集中.但长江以南的东亚南方季风和印度季风与此明显不同,前者对高原隆升具有非线性响应,而后者在高原隆升过程中变化不大.  相似文献   

一种涵道双向泵叶轮浪流发电装置的研究分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王世明  吴帅桥  田卡  白连平 《海洋科学》2017,41(2):29-34

为解决海洋波浪能和潮流能耦合利用的问题,提升浪流发电装置的发电效率,上海海洋大学课题组设计了一种新型涵道双向泵叶轮浪流发电装置。主要对轴流泵的工作原理进行理论分析,阐述将轴流泵排水原理应用于浪流发电装置捕获浪流能的可行性,基于轴流泵叶片设计原理,设计出一种可以双向捕获浪流能的叶片。经数据仿真和水槽实验进行验证,得出涵道双向泵叶轮浪流发电装置可以在浪流流速v=0.5 m/s工况下浪即可启动,满足低流速启动要求,发电效率最高为23.7%。  相似文献   

Study on Wave Dissipation of the Structure Combined by Baffle and Submerged Breakwater   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JU Lie-hong  ZUO Qi-hu  TENG Ling  WANG Xing-gang 《海洋工程》2017,(6):674-682

This paper proposes a structure combined by baffle and submerged breakwater (abbreviated to SCBSB in the following texts). Such a combined structure is conducive to the water exchange in the harbor, and has strong capability on wave dissipation. Our paper focuses on the discussion of two typical structures, i.e., the submerged baffle and rectangular breakwater combined with the upper baffle respectively, which are named as SCBSB1 and SCBSB2 for short. The eigenfunction method corrected by experimental results is used to investigate the wave dissipation characteristics. It shows that the calculated results agree well with the experimental data and the minimum value of the wave transmission coefficient can be obtained when the distance between the front and rear structures is from 1/4 to 1/2 of the incident wave length.  相似文献   

Effects of waterlogging,salinity and light on the productivity of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Heritiera littoralis seedlings     

MM Mangora  MSP Mtolera  M Björk 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(2):167-174

This study aimed to establish the effects of waterlogging, salinity and light on the early development of mangroves. Seedlings of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. and Heritiera littoralis Dryand were exposed to 12 weeks of waterlogging, during which time growth and photosynthesis were measured every two weeks. The salinity of the water inundation ranged from fresh water to full-strength sea water (salinity 35). Seedlings were exposed to either full sunlight of 1 500 µmol photon m^–2 s^–1 (SD 397) at midday or shade conditions of 325 µmol photon m^–2 s^–1 (SD 40) of light at midday, to explore whether the plants would be differently affected by prolonged waterlogging in increased salinities and under different light conditions. Heritiera littoralis was more sensitive to waterlogging, salinity and light, displaying a least relative growth rate of 0.127 g g^–1 week^–1 (SE 0.032) under shade, and 0.025 g g^–1 week^–1 (SE 0.021) in full light; while under shade, photosynthesis continued only in fresh water, but photosynthetic yield decreased from 0.7 to 0.4 with increasing duration of waterlogging. By 12 weeks, all H. littoralis seedlings treated with any saltwater mixture had died. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza seedlings maintained a moderate rate of photosynthesis throughout inundation in both shade and full light, with yields of 0.7 and 0.3, respectively. Furthermore, B. gymnorrhiza survived waterlogging in up to 66% seawater, and maintained comparable relative growth rates of 0.164 g g^–1 week^–1 (SE 0.066) with 0.083 g g^–1 week^–1 (SE 0.065) and 0.074 g g^–1 week^–1 (SE 0.036) with 0.052 g g^–1 week^–1 (SE 0.037) under shade and in full light between fresh water and the highest salinity conditions, respectively. These results suggest that B. gymnorrhiza is broadly tolerant, making it a potential candidate species for restoring vulnerable mangrove forests.  相似文献   

Fixed point automatic interpretation of bender-based G0 measurements     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2017

We present a new model updating technique for the automatic calculation of the small strain shear modulus of geomaterials, based on bender element experiments. The technique searches for the shear modulus that maximizes the correlation between the output signal obtained from the experiment and the output signal acquired from its computational simulation. Instead of conventional extremum finding algorithms, a fixed point technique is used to update the shear modulus at each iteration. This option increases substantially the attraction basin of the absolute maximum correlation and improves the convergence of the algorithm.  相似文献   

Wind Tunnel Experiment of Anti-erosion Efficiency on the Sand Beds Coverd by Different Shapes of Roughness-Elementes     

Fan Ruijing  Li Shengyu  Zhou Jie  Wang Haifeng 《地球科学进展》2017,32(1):83-89

In order to study the relationship between the shapes of roughness-elements on sand beds and the surface sand activity inhibition, we chose six shapes of elements including spherical, triangular pyramid shape, cylindrical, square shape, pie and hemispherical shape by hand with equal quality kept. We carried out the experiment with the 10% coverage on the wind tunnel. The results revealed that ① the erosion and anti-erosion rate of spherical, triangular pyramid shape, cylindrical and square roughness-elements were better than the pie and hemispherical on the non-sand wind; ② On the sand-driving wind conditions, spherical, triangular, cylindrical covered beds became erosion to erosion-deposition with the increase of wind speed, and the erosion rate was increased with the wind speed. When the wind speed was more than 10 m/s, the sand-beds showed a strong erosion, and the pie and hemispherical elements’ resistance function were weakest; ③ No matter the non-sand wind or sand wind, the erosion rate was affected by the elements’ aspect ratio, height and spacing. The slender elements with a prominent upper edge were clearly superior to broad rounded elements.  相似文献   

Simulation of morphological development of soil cracks in Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley region,Southwest China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Donghong Xiong  Dongchun Yan  Yi Long  Xiaoning Lu  Jianning Han  Xueqin Han  Liangtao Shi 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2010,20(2):112-122

Soil cracking is an important process influencing water and solutes transport in the Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley region of Southwest China. Studying the morphological development of soil cracks helps to further reveal the close relationship between the soil cracking process and water movement in such semi-arid regions. Here we report regular changes on surface morphology of soil cracks with decreasing water in four different soils (Typ-Ustic Ferrisols,Ver-Ustic Ferrisols,Tru-Ustic Vertisols and Typ-Ustic Vertiso...  相似文献