Climato-limnological signals during the past 260 000 years in physical properties of bottom sediments from Lake Baikal     

Kenji Kashiwaya  Masayuki Ryugo  Masae Horii  Hideo Sakai  Toshio Nakamura  Takayoshi Kawai 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,21(2):143-150

The St.16 core obtained from the Academician Ridge of Lake Baikal in eastern Siberia may span about 260 000 years, and some physical properties of the core samples are closely related to aquatic paleoproductivity and climatic change. The median of grain size, grain density, and water content fluctuate synchronously. They also are connected with change in the abundance of biogenic silica (diatoms). The physical parameters indicate that there were high aquatic productivity periods around interglacial periods (MIS 5 and 7; 70 000-125 000 yr B.P. and 180 000-250 000 yr B.P.). Comparatively large clastics were transported from outside of the lake through various routes (ice rafting, etc.) in addition to fluvial routes during the glacials or 'stadials. There are ca. 20 000 yr, 40 000 yr and 100 000 yr periods in the variations of physical properties. These are related to the three Milankovitch parameters of solar insolation.  相似文献   

煤及其燃烧产物飞灰和底灰中稀土元素地球化学特征及集散规律   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

姚多喜  支霞臣  王馨 《地球化学》2003,32(5):491-500

采用ICP—MS法测试了褐煤、肥煤和无烟煤以及在不同燃烧条件下获取的飞灰、底灰等29个样品的稀土元素含量;分析了稀土元素地球化学特征。结果表明,不同煤种的稀土元素含量不同,相同煤种在不同燃烧条件下获取的飞灰、底灰中的稀土元素含量也不同;褐煤、肥煤、无烟煤及其燃煤产物飞灰、底灰的稀土元素分布模式呈左高右低的宽缓的“V”型曲线;Eu存在明显负异常。研究了燃煤过程中稀土元素的分布及集散规律,稀土元素在飞灰、底灰中的含量比原煤有明显提高,其增加幅度为几倍至20多倍不等,表明煤炭燃烧后稀土元素在飞灰、底灰中进一步聚集;飞灰和底灰中稀土元素含量、飞灰和底灰对煤的稀土元素含量比和富集因子以及飞灰对底灰的稀土元素含量比和富集因子等,不仅与原煤中稀土元素有直接关系,而且还受锅炉燃烧方式、燃烧温度(炉温)等人为因素的影响。  相似文献   

Using unmanned underwater vehicles as research platforms in coastal ocean studies     

Kendall L.Carder  David K.Costello 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2):211-217

The advantages of using unmanned underwater vehicles in coastal ocean studies are emphasized. Two types of representative vehicles, remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) from University of South Florida, are discussed. Two individual modular sensor packages designed and tested for these platforms and field measurement results are also presented. The bottom classification and albedo package, BCAP, provides fast and accurate estimates of bottom albedos, along with other parameters such as in-water remote sensing reflectance. The real-time ocean bottom optical topographer, ROBOT, reveals high-resolution 3-dimentional bottom topography for target identification. Field data and results from recent Coastal Benthic Optical Properties field campaign, 1999 and 2000, are presented. Advantages and limitations of these vehicles and applications of modular sensor packages are compared and discussed.  相似文献   

南海东沙海域天然气水合物地震数据多次压制及速度特征     

徐华宁  梁蓓雯  吴能友 《地质通报》2006,(Z2)

多次波衰减是海洋地震数据处理中的一个关键问题。东沙海域多次波极其发育,由于地形的急剧变化和地质条件的影响,多次波变形严重(不符合双曲线规律)。采用常规的处理方法效果并不明显,并可能造成成果剖面上出现明显的多次压制痕迹,很难达到保幅处理。针对此区多次波的特点,提出一种频率分离的方法将数据分离后再进行不同处理,可以很好地解决多次波的压制并突出有效波;在没有有效反射的位置,剖面的背景噪音也更符合视觉习惯;更重要的是,处理中没有频率损失,处理结果更和谐。另外,叠前偏移处理技术的运用可以使含水合物地层的接触关系、反射特征更清楚。叠前时间偏移所建立的速度模型也能够表现含水合物地层、BSR与含游离气层的相对速度关系。  相似文献   

Change of Gas Hydrate Reservoir and Its Effect on the Environment in Xisha Trough since the Last Glacial Maximum     

王淑红  颜文  宋海斌 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2007,18(1):39-48

In this article, Milkov and Sassen’s model is selected to calculate the thickness of the gas hydrate stable zone (GHSZ) and the amount of gas hydrate in the Xisha (西沙) Trough at present and at the last glacial maximum (LGM), respectively, and the effects of the changes in the bottom water temperature and the sea level on these were also discussed. The average thickness of the GHSZ in Xisha Trough is estimated to be 287 m and 299 m based on the relationship between the GHSZ thickness and the water depth established in this study at present and at LGM, respectively. Then, by assuming that the distributed area of gas hydrates is 8 000 km2 and that the gas hydrate saturation is 1.2% of the sediment volume, the amounts of gas hydrate are estimated to be ~2.76×1010 m3 and ~2.87×1010 m3, and the volumes of hydrate-bound gases are ~4.52×1012 m3 and ~4.71×1012 m3 at present and at LGM, re- spectively. The above results show that the thickness of GHSZ decreases with the bottom water tem- perature increase and increases with the sea level increase, wherein the effect of the former is larger than that of the latter, that the average thickness of GHSZ in Xisha Trough had been reduced by ~12 m, and that 1.9×1011 m3 of methane is released from approximately 1.1×109 m3 of gas hydrate since LGM. The released methane should have greatly affected the environment.  相似文献   

钻孔灌注桩桩底沉渣压浆处理研究与应用     

赵佩胜  于亮  王为 《岩土工程技术》2007,21(4):214-216,F0003

对桩底沉渣产生的原因、沉渣对灌注桩承载能力的影响以及沉渣的处理作了简要分析,讨论了灌注桩桩底压浆工艺的作用机理。重点结合实际工程介绍了该技术,经检测表明,灌注桩桩底压浆技术的使用有效地处理了沉渣,提高了桩的承载能力。  相似文献   

三角形网格下求解二维浅水方程的和谐Godunov格式   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

潘存鸿 《水科学进展》2007,18(2):204-209

为保证计算格式的和谐性,通过特殊的底坡源项处理技术,在三角形网格上建立了求解二维浅水流动方程的具有空间二阶精度的Godunov格式。应用准确Riemann解求解法向数值通量,用改正的干底Riemann解处理动边界问题。经典型算例和钱塘江河口涌潮计算验证,表明模型健全,分辨率高,具有较大的推广应用价值。  相似文献   

用反射波法振幅比判定单桩相对承载力的尝试     

郭铁栓  李祺 《岩土力学》1998,(3)

利用动测桩中的桩底反射信号研究了应力波在桩体和土体中的衰减情况。结果表明,应力波在桩体中的衰减比在土中小的多,在考虑了桩周土与反射系数的关系后,尝试给出应用桩底反射信号与桩头人射信号振幅之比判定单桩承载力相对大小的基本理论和初步研究结果。  相似文献   

不同底质对方斑东风螺生长及存活的影响     

郑纪盟  高霄龙  邱天龙  刘鹰 《海洋科学》2015,39(11):1-6

比较了自然沙、棕色陶粒、白色陶粒、70%棕色陶粒+30%贝壳砂、贝壳砂等5种底质材料及空白对照组(无底质),对体质量为0.193 g±0.03 g的方斑东风螺生长、存活、摄食以及培育过程中水质的影响。结果表明,白色陶粒组的存活率为80%,显著低于其他各组(P0.05);棕色陶粒组的体质量特定生长率最高(4.31%/d),且显著优于白色陶粒组和对照组(P0.05);棕色陶粒处理组方斑东风螺的饵料转化效率显著高于白色陶粒组和空白对照组;水质中总氨氮、亚硝酸氮和COD均呈上升趋势,各组之间差异不显著。  相似文献   

海底观测网技术进展与发展趋势     

李风华郭永刚吴立新李整林 《海洋技术学报》2015,34(3):33-35

海底观测网络由于其特有的能源供给与信息传输优势,受到了广泛关注与重视。文中简要回顾了国内外海底观测网技术的发展现状,并就海底观测网技术发展趋势进行了探讨。  相似文献