论绿色文明与民族边疆山区农村经济的可持续发展——以云南省西双版纳为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张佩芳  吕星  周钜乾 《热带地理》2001,21(1):71-75

云南边疆、山区、少数民族地区，寻求森林生态系统与经济系统的协调发展，寻求攀元民族文化下的山区资源利用可持续发展战略，是加强民族团结，实现各民族共同繁荣富裕、区域经济发展的关键。文中运用高新技术遥感（RS）、地理信息系统（GIS），结合村寨社区调查，对云南西双版纳6种主体少数民族传统用地习俗、土地结构变迁及农村经济发展等方面进行了分析研究评价，在此基础上初步探讨山区边疆少数民族地区传统文化与农村经济持续发展的关系，提出看法及供商榷。  相似文献   

Cashing Out,Cashing In: Rural change on the south coast of Western Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

George N. Curry  Gina Koczberski  John Selwood 《The Australian geographer》2001,32(1):109-124

Over the past century the cultural and physical landscape of the Shire of Denmark on the south coast of Western Australia has been transformed by successive waves of in-migrants. The paper examines the period since the early 1970s when alternative lifestylers and early retirees, attracted by the district's natural beauty and low land prices, began moving in and acquiring former Group Settlement holdings. The activities of these and subsequent 'alternatives' and 'cashed out' early retirees settling in the district have raised the marketability of the Shire's cultural capital. These changes have occurred in association with broader processes of rural restructuring and changing notions of 'rurality'. Increasingly, Denmark's cultural and physical landscape has become a highly marketable product for consumption by Perth's affluent middle classes. In recent years land prices have risen rapidly as speculators and financiers seek to 'cash in' on the 'cashed out' society. The paper explores these issues and relates them to broader processes of economic and social change occurring at the national and international levels.  相似文献   

Prosperity along Australia's Eastern Seaboard: Sydney and the geopolitics of urban and economic change     

Phillip O'Neill  Pauline McGuirk 《The Australian geographer》2002,33(3):241-261

Throughout the last decade, the Australian economy has experienced its second longest period of uninterrupted prosperity in recorded history. The paper argues that this prosperity is sourced from an extraordinary surge in finance-based economic activity along Australia's eastern seaboard, especially in the Sydney region. Population growth in the Sydney basin has further fuelled the region's economic growth. The spatialised nature of this prosperity has produced a major shift in distributional outcomes across Australian regions and among households. Sydney-based households, especially those in inner 'global Sydney' neighbourhoods, have had access to high rates of job creation and sustained increases in income and house values. On the other hand, non-metropolitan households away from Sydney--those in regional and rural Australia--have experienced largely negative consequences as historical inter-sectoral and spatial redistribution mechanisms have been dismantled. The paper shows how divergent experiences of the new prosperity have produced an unstable political landscape in regional and rural Australia. It concludes by urging further research into the spatialised nature of economic changes in Australia, especially research that is conscious of distributional flows and outcomes.  相似文献   

Taking Stock: Farmers' reflections on the deregulation of Australian dairying     

Chris Cocklin  Jacqui Dibden 《The Australian geographer》2002,33(1):29-42

On 1 July 2000 significant changes to the regulation of Australian dairying came into effect. These changes eliminated subsidies to milk producers and removed barriers to the inter-State trade of dairy products. Victoria's dairy industry group was a powerful proponent of deregulation, because of the comparative advantage that the State's farmers have in production relative to Australia's other milk producers. However, the deregulation of the dairy industry was contested stridently by many stakeholders, particularly farmers and their representative groups in States other than Victoria. Even within Victoria some farmers were equivocal and some were opposed to the regulatory changes. This paper draws on interviews with informants in the Victorian dairy sector to reveal responses to the regulatory changes. The interviews indicate that opinion was divided before deregulation and remains so. The debate was largely between those who saw the regulatory changes as 'inevitable', some of whom thought it would be a 'good thing' and others who accepted, grudgingly, that it was simply going to happen, and those who thought there had to be alternatives that would avoid the expected adverse consequences.  相似文献   

From Pillar to Post? In search of the post-productivist countryside in Australia     

Neil Argent 《The Australian geographer》2002,33(1):97-114

According to a growing number of commentators, the agricultural sectors and rural areas of advanced Western nations are experiencing a transition from productivism to post-productivism. In Britain and Western Europe, where this putative transition is most evident, the salient features of the shift include: the gradual removal of farm-level subsidies and related stimulatory policies; the introduction of a range of agri-environmental programs aimed at reducing agricultural commodity surpluses and halting farm-related environmental degradation; and the development of a more socially and culturally heterogeneous rural population as counter-urbanisation has brought a new stratum of residents into rural areas. This paper explores this notion in the Australian context. In analysing a wide range of data and policy documents, the paper argues that while there is some evidence of a productivist regime operating in Australia from 1945 to the early 1980s, and some more recent incipient trends consistent with a transition to a post-productivist countryside, there is much stronger evidence that the Australian farm sector and rural landscapes are being shaped by the complex interactions between the 'productivist' ideals held by farmers and key policy makers alike, and the growing environmental regulation of farming. It is concluded that while the concept of 'post-productivism' is superficially appealing, it has little practical or conceptual application to Australian conditions. Indeed, the paper argues that 'post-productivism' is fundamentally misconceived, largely owing to its inherent binary narrative form and logic.  相似文献   

An historical account of Brazilian public policy on fisheries subsidies     

Patrízia R. Abdallah  Ussif R. Sumaila 《Marine Policy》2007

This paper presents a historical account of Brazilian public policy on fisheries subsidies, and a discussion of problems and limitations resulting from such policy. From the 1960s to the mid-1980s, public policies led to a great increase in fisheries catch without appropriate consideration for the long-term sustainability of the resources, resulting in declining catches over the years. The goals of current Brazilian public policy on fisheries will not help in reducing overexploitation. This is because these policies are too optimistic about the abundance of fish in Brazil's EEZ, and are not accompanied by a fisheries management plan that is likely to work.  相似文献   

Promoting rural municipalities to attract new residents: An evaluation of the effects   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Thomas Niedomysl 《Geoforum》2007,38(4):698-709

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Population pressure, agricultural intensification and changes in rural systems in Bangladesh   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Abu Muhammad Shajaat Ali 《Geoforum》2007,38(4):720-738

Sustainable agricultural growth is the key to rural system changes that include changes in rural bio-physical environment, economic infrastructure and social conditions. The present study has examined the temporal changes in 18 selected indicators of rural systems in Bangladesh during the period 1975-2000, and explored the influences of demographic, market forces, environmental, institutional and technological factors inducing and mediating such changes. An analysis of 64 district level published census data showed significant increase in agricultural intensity, cropping patterns, land productivity and farm income; decline in labor and technological productivities; and major improvement in rural housing, economic and social conditions during this period. Spatially, major agricultural growth and rural development were observed in districts with high population density, less constrained environments, and better access to markets, irrigation canals, and capital loans.  相似文献   

甘肃省农村各种结构类型房屋的地震破坏机理          下载免费PDF全文

刘红玫  林学文 《地震工程学报》2007,29(1):75-78,83

地震造成房屋倒塌是我国农村地区的主要震害和人员伤亡重大的直接原因。本文基于对甘肃省农村民房的调查结果,按不同结构对农村房屋进行了分类,分述了各种结构类型房屋的地震破坏机理。对今后农村房屋的改造与新建具有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Land reform in Namaqualand, 1994–2005: A review     

Harry May  Edward Lahiff 《Journal of Arid Environments》2007,70(4):782

With the transition to democracy in 1994, South Africa was faced with an enormous challenge in redressing the highly unequal and racialized pattern of land rights inherited from the colonial and apartheid past. In Namaqualand, a history of land dispossession and racial segregation presented the new government with a complex set of problems, which led to a series of distinct policy responses within the context of the wider national land reform programme. Land reform in Namaqualand aims to impact positively on local people's access to land, improve livelihood opportunities and develop the local economy. Unique features of the land reform process in Namaqualand include the reform of tenure in the former Coloured Rural Areas, the prominent role played by local municipalities and the heavy reliance on municipal commonage as a form of landholding. This study provides and overview of the process of land reform in Namaqualand since 1994, considering the three elements of tenure reform, land redistribution and restitution of historical land rights. It concludes that, while considerable progress has been made in provision of additional land to historically disadvantaged communities, obstacles remain in the area of post-transfer support to new and emerging farmers.  相似文献