混合井排水法在滑坡治理中的数值分析——以宝鸡簸箕山滑坡为例     

张瑞  龙征宇 《陕西地质》2013,(2):92-96

本文将混合井的概念引入滑坡治理的方案中,通过利用混合井排水降低滑坡体内的地下水位,提高滑坡的稳定性.文中提出了混合井排水在滑坡治理中的适用条件,并以宝鸡簸箕山滑坡为例,在软件Modelflow中建立三维模型进行数值模拟,提出了在滑坡治理中的混合井排水的优化方案.  相似文献   

西藏羊卓雍湖流域近45 年气温和降水的变化趋势   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杜军  胡军  唐述君  鲍建华  拉巴 《地理学报》2008,63(11):1160-1168

利用西藏羊卓雍湖流域气象、水文观测站1961-2005 年逐月的平均气温、降水量等资 料, 分析了近45 年流域气温、降水的年际和年代际变化特征和异常年份, 以及羊湖水位变化趋势及影响因子, 结果表明： 近45 年流域年平均气温以0.25 ^oC/10a 的速率显著升高, 增温主要表现在秋、冬季。近25 年, 流域平均降水量除冬季呈减少趋势外, 其他各季节表现为显 著的增加趋势, 增幅为11.4~30.0 mm/10a, 夏季增幅最大; 年降水量以54.2 mm/10a 的速率明显增加。20 世纪60 年代至90 年代, 除夏季外, 其他3 季表现为逐年代增温趋势。在夏季, 降水量除80 年代偏少外, 其他3 个年代偏多; 而冬季相反, 80 年代降水偏多, 其他3 个年代偏少。流域年平均气温异常偏高年出现过3 次, 且发生在20 世纪90 年代末至21 世纪初; 60 年代后期和70 年代初降水多异常年份。自1997 年发电以来, 降水量呈增加趋势, 流域平均降水量达409.7 mm, 明显高于平衡降水量, 水位呈较明显的上升趋势。降水增多、日照减少, 以及气温明显升高、冰雪融水增加是造成水位上升的主要原因。  相似文献   

古村落社区旅游参与度及影响因素——西递、宏村、南屏比较研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨效忠  张捷  唐文跃  卢松 《地理科学》2008,28(3):445-451

以社区家庭为视角,建立基于利益导向的社区旅游参与水平测度指标,以皖南古村落西递、宏村、南屏为实证研究对象,揭示了古村落社区旅游参与度异同及其影响机理。研究结果表明:① 古村落内部、古村落之间的旅游参与度均有不同程度的差异,归因为家庭微观因子与社区中观因子交互作用所致。② 通过家庭微观因子对家庭人均旅游收入影响的通径系数分析,得出三个景区相应的直接通径系数和间接通径系数,发现古村落家庭微观因子的影响方向趋同而影响程度分异,与问卷调查结果分析的一致性也显示了该方法的较强解释力和潜在应用价值。③ 提高古村落社区旅游参与整体水平、缓解参与度空间差异的根本途径在于"让利于民",增强社区分利能力,政府在其中扮演着重要的引导角色。  相似文献   

和田河夏季流量对区域0℃层高度变化的响应     

王永莉 玉苏甫·阿布都拉马宏武  毛炜峄 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(03):151-155

利用和田市气象站的0℃层高度,和田河上游乌鲁瓦提和同古孜洛克水文站的实测流量资料,以及NCEP/NCAR 500 hPa月平均温度资料,分析了和田河夏季流量的变化、同期流域内0℃层高度情况以及500 hPa温度的特征。结果显示：1961-2004年,和田河夏季流量、和田站0℃层高度均呈不显著的线性下降趋势,在1979年分别出现了由丰到枯、由高到低的突变。和田河夏季流量典型偏丰、偏枯年同期500 hPa温度距平场有显著差异。在年代际和年际尺度上,和田河夏季流量对流域内0℃层高度变化都有明显的响应。  相似文献   

县级气象综合业务工作平台本地化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

孙宝利  朝柯  李亚廷  翟云佳 《气象与环境学报》2008,24(3):46-50

根据县级气象综合业务工作平台建设的需求,以县级气象综合业务工作平台为基础,从县级气象业务工作实际出发,利用Visual Basic 6.0程序语言编程,研制出辽宁省县级气象综合业务工作平台本地化软件,并投入县级气象综合业务应用。经业务运行表明,软件的开发和使用,达到了实时业务系统高效运行的目的,使县级气象业务向集约化方向发展。  相似文献   

Spatial variability of N₂O concentrations and of denitrification-related factors in the surficial groundwater of a catchment in Northern Germany     

C. von der Heide  J. Bttcher  M. Deurer  D. Weymann  R. Well  W.H.M. Duijnisveld 《Journal of Hydrology》2008,360(1-4):230-241

N₂O concentrations and denitrification-related factors (NO₃, SO₄, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and CO₂) were investigated in the surface groundwater of a catchment in northern Germany, the Fuhrberger Feld Aquifer (FFA). We sampled 79 plots that were selected according to the three criteria of land use, historical land use conversion (1954–1995) and groundwater level. We sampled three sites within each plot. The sampling depth was 0.5 m below the groundwater surface.We found no indication for the occurrence of autotrophic denitrification in the surface groundwater. Heterotrophic denitrification was identified as the main process for N₂O accumulation. The variability of N₂O concentrations on the plot-scale was extremely high and was poorly explained by the three sampling criteria. Other denitrification-related variables such as NO₃, SO₄ and DOC were less variable. The selection criteria land use and groundwater level clearly influenced the order of magnitude of N₂O concentrations in the surface groundwater. Under arable land, high NO₃ concentrations resulted in high N₂O concentrations. The surface groundwater under forest and pasture was almost NO₃-free and had also very small N₂O concentrations. Plots where the distance from the soil surface to the groundwater surface was large (>1 m up to 3.4 m) showed higher N₂O concentrations in the surface groundwater than plots where the distance was small (<1 m). A larger distance from the soil surface to the groundwater leads to a longer residence time and more decomposition of DOC in the soil. Consequently the less bioavailable DOC could inhibit the efficiency of the heterotrophic denitrification in the groundwater, yielding more N₂O. Elevated organic carbon levels in plots with historic land use conversion (pasture to arable) were very stable and did not influence N₂O concentrations. The high within plot variability showed that an upscaling of N₂O from the plot-scale to the catchment-scale is possible as long as the groundwater level regime and the land use do not change.  相似文献   

Difference of mercury bioaccumulation in red mullets from the north-western Mediterranean and Black seas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Harmelin-Vivien  D. Cossa  D. B?naru  C. Mellon-Duval 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(5):679-321

The relationships between total mercury (Hg) concentration and stable nitrogen isotope ratio (δ¹⁵N) were evaluated in Mullus barbatus barbatus and M. surmuletus from the Mediterranean Sea and M. barbatus ponticus from the Black Sea. Mercury concentration in fish muscle was six times higher in the two Mediterranean species than in the Black Sea one for similar sized animals. A positive correlation between Hg concentration and δ¹⁵N occurred in all species. Increase in Hg concentration with δ¹⁵N was high and similar in the two Mediterranean fishes and much lower in the Black Sea species. Since this was neither related to trophic level difference between species nor to methylmercury (MeHg) concentration differences between the north-western Mediterranean and the Black Sea waters, we suggested that the higher primary production of the Black Sea induced a dilution of MeHg concentration at the base of the food webs.  相似文献   

The late Holocene mollusc fauna of the Aral Sea and its biogeographical and ecological interpretation     

Andrei Filippov 《Limnologica》2009,39(1):67-85

The Aral Sea, in 1960 the fourth largest lake on Earth, has since experienced a catastrophic environmental change, which appears to be mainly a result of human impact. Here, we attempt to add to a better understanding of environmental changes during the last millennium by using fossil mollusc assemblages obtained from 10 sediment cores, which were taken by gravity coring in 1991. The biogeographical analysis demonstrates that no endemic molluscs have existed in the Aral Sea during the last 1000 years. The investigated taxa are of Caspian and Palaearctic origin. The molluscan biodiversity is much lower than previously assumed and particularly low for such a large lake, indicating unstable ecological conditions during the period investigated. Using comparative ecological analyses of thanatocoenoses and stable isotope ratios in gastropod shells, we conclude that the main lake level changes of the last millennium were strong and abrupt, showing relative high stands at about 1300 AD and 1650 AD.  相似文献   

三峡井网井水位对汶川8.0级地震的同震响应特征研究h          下载免费PDF全文

刘成龙  王广才  张卫华  梅建昌 《地震学报》2009,31(2):188-194

系统分析了三峡井网8口井水位对汶川8.0级地震的同震响应及其后效特征,揭示出这些特征因井而异,其差异性在井孔结构相似的条件下主要取决于井点的构造部位、观测含水层的地下水埋藏类型、含水层的导水系数等条件;深入研究了井水位同震后效特征中残留阶升与阶降的力学含义及其地震预测意义,并用仙女山断裂带上近期地震活动验证了残留阶升区可能是未来地震危险区的科学推论．   相似文献   

Rainfall and Obtaining Information Regarding Earthquake Development Processes from Groundwater Level     

Li Yong  Fang Wei  Ma Li 《中国地震研究》2008,22(1):52-61

Many factors can cause changes of groundwater level, such as the development process of an earthquake, rainfall, solid earth tides etc. Among these we are interested in information regarding earthquake development processes. Eliminating the influence of various disturbance factors is an effective way to obtain seismic development process information contained in the groundwater level. This paper provides two different ways to remove the rainfall effect, and compares the two methods by means of correlation analysis. Furthermore, based on these a logistic regression model is established to describe the seismicity level.  相似文献